{"id":850,"date":"2015-09-03T14:45:59","date_gmt":"2015-09-03T14:45:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/?p=850"},"modified":"2024-07-16T10:06:13","modified_gmt":"2024-07-16T09:06:13","slug":"rozhovor-s-ministrem-zivotniho-prostredi-mgr-richardem-brabcem-na-tema-sucho","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/2015\/09\/rozhovor-s-ministrem-zivotniho-prostredi-mgr-richardem-brabcem-na-tema-sucho\/","title":{"rendered":"Interview with the Minister of the Environment Mgr. Richard Brabec on the topic of drought"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/i> This article is available in Czech only. For translation or more information on this topic, please contact author.<\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sucho bylo a jist\u011b i bude. Pro\u010d se v \u010cR za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161it pr\u00e1v\u011b te\u010f? V\u017edy\u0165 ji\u017e od poloviny 80. let byly v \u010cR pozorov\u00e1ny jevy, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za d\u016fsledek prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny.<\/h4>\n

V\u00fdskyt sucha nen\u00ed pro \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR \u017e\u00e1dnou novinkou. \u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav jako\u017eto resortn\u00ed organizace M\u017dP se problematice sucha stejn\u011b jako povodn\u00edm v\u011bnuje dlouhodob\u011b a komplexn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Novinkou je to, \u017ee v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b vn\u00edm\u00e1me jako riziko fakt, \u017ee se sucho m\u016f\u017ee objevit pom\u011brn\u011b neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u011b. D\u0159\u00edve souviselo p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm s p\u0159irozen\u00fdmi meteorologick\u00fdmi ud\u00e1lostmi, ov\u0161em dnes vstupuj\u00ed do hry i z\u00e1sahy \u010dlov\u011bka v krajin\u011b, kter\u00e9 dlouhodob\u011b ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad reten\u010dn\u00ed schopnost krajiny, krom\u011b toho nelze vylou\u010dit ani vliv zm\u011bn \u010dasov\u00e9ho a prostorov\u00e9ho rozlo\u017een\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eek v d\u016fsledku zm\u011bny klimatu.<\/p>\n

Resort M\u017dP proto p\u0159ipravil ve spolupr\u00e1ci s ostatn\u00edmi resorty n\u00e1vrh Strategie p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed se zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch \u010cR. Ta analyzuje dopady zm\u011bny klimatu na jednotliv\u00e9 oblasti lidsk\u00e9 p\u016fsobnosti, mj. navrhuje adapta\u010dn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed sucha, tedy zejm\u00e9na opat\u0159en\u00ed zlep\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed vodn\u00ed re\u017eim krajiny.<\/p>\n

Krom\u011b toho jsme ve V\u00daV vloni spolu s Ministerstvem zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed zalo\u017eili meziresortn\u00ed pracovn\u00ed skupinu s n\u00e1zvem VODA-SUCHO. Ta reaguje na prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny a p\u0159ipravuje koncepci s navr\u017een\u00fdmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi, kter\u00e1 bude pot\u0159eba realizovat, pokud obdob\u00ed sucha nastane.<\/p>\n

\"rozhovor-2\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Prohl\u00eddka velk\u00e9 haly V\u00daV TGM s hydraulick\u00fdm modelem<\/h6>\n

Jak\u00fd probl\u00e9m pro \u010cR z hlediska vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 struktury by znamenalo sucho? Jak\u00e9 struktury by mohly b\u00fdt ohro\u017eeny?<\/h4>\n

Z<\/em> cela z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv by sucho m\u011blo na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed jako celek, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b i na zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed a pr\u016fmysl.<\/p>\n

Z hlediska \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed sucho ohro\u017euje ve\u0161ker\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159\u00edmo i nep\u0159\u00edmo z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na vod\u011b, tak\u00e9 kvalitu i kvantitu povrchov\u00fdch a podzemn\u00edch vod. P\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fd nedostatek z\u00e1sob vody by se odrazil v z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed obyvatelstva a krom\u011b dal\u0161\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f znamen\u00e1 sucho i zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 riziko vzniku po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00fd v\u00fdznam maj\u00ed z hlediska potencion\u00e1ln\u00edho sucha vodn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed negativn\u00edch dopad\u016f?<\/h4>\n

Vodn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed akumulovat v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed vody v dob\u011b, kdy je\u0161t\u011b nen\u00ed sucho, aby se pak z\u00e1soby mohly vyu\u017e\u00edt. Vodn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee pom\u00e1haj\u00ed regulovat b\u011bhem sucha pr\u016ftok ve vodn\u00edch toc\u00edch pod n\u00e1dr\u017eemi, nap\u0159\u00edklad pro lep\u0161\u00ed ochranu vodn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f. Z\u00e1soby vody lze tak\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edt pro z\u00e1vlahy na ochranu \u00farody.<\/p>\n

Mus\u00edm ale zd\u016fraznit, \u017ee vodn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee zadr\u017euj\u00ed vodu pouze ve vodn\u00edm d\u00edle, p\u0159\u00ednos pro retenci vody maj\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e lok\u00e1ln\u00ed. Pro udr\u017een\u00ed p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9ho vodn\u00edho re\u017eimu je nutn\u00e9 uplat\u0148ovat opat\u0159en\u00ed v krajin\u011b, kter\u00e1 podpo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159irozenou reten\u010dn\u00ed schopnost krajiny a p\u0159isp\u011bj\u00ed ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed jej\u00ed odolnosti v\u016f\u010di klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b. Tedy nap\u0159\u00edklad \u0161etrn\u011b hospoda\u0159it na zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 p\u016fd\u011b, pe\u010dovat o mok\u0159ady a nivy, p\u011bstovat rozmanit\u00e9 lesn\u00ed porosty a navracet vodn\u00ed toky pokud mo\u017eno do jejich p\u016fvodn\u00edch koryt.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00fd maj\u00ed mal\u00e9 vodn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee potenci\u00e1l ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s velk\u00fdmi n\u00e1dr\u017eemi? Je to lep\u0161\u00ed cesta z pohledu Ministerstva \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed?<\/h4>\n

V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b mal\u00fdch vodn\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed b\u00fdvaj\u00ed st\u0159ety s dal\u0161\u00edmi ve\u0159ejn\u00fdmi z\u00e1jmy, jak\u00fdmi jsou ochrana p\u0159\u00edrody a krajiny i negativn\u00ed dopady na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a jeho slo\u017eky, v\u011bt\u0161inou mal\u00e9 a snadn\u011bji \u0159e\u0161iteln\u00e9, na rozd\u00edl od p\u0159ehradn\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed. Vhodn\u011b navr\u017een\u00e9 a provozovan\u00e9 mal\u00e9 vodn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee zadr\u017euj\u00ed vodu v plo\u0161e povod\u00ed rovnom\u011brn\u011bji.<\/p>\n

Na druhou stranu ka\u017ed\u00e1 budovan\u00e1 vodn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017e m\u011bn\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9m tekouc\u00ed vody na ekosyst\u00e9m vody stojat\u00e9. A znamen\u00e1 z\u00e1sah do p\u0159irozen\u00e9 morfologie a ekologie toku, kter\u00fd se st\u00e1v\u00e1 pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 vodn\u00ed druhy nesch\u016fdnou p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekou v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b, m\u011bn\u00ed pohyb sediment\u016f na jeho dn\u011b, m\u011bn\u00ed okysli\u010den\u00ed vody a jej\u00ed teplotu.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f s nedostatkem vody by m\u011bla v prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b dostat slovo tzv. \u201em\u011bkk\u00e1\u201c opat\u0159en\u00ed v krajin\u011b, to znamen\u00e1 rem\u00edzy, mok\u0159ady, protierozn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, revitalizace vodn\u00edch tok\u016f a niv, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b stavba mal\u00fdch vodn\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Se suchem je spojeno vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f. Jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem chce toto riziko ministerstvo \u0159e\u0161it?<\/h4>\n

Ve zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 meziresortn\u00ed komisi VODA-SUCHO p\u016fsob\u00ed i Ministerstvo vnitra a slo\u017eky integrovan\u00e9ho z\u00e1chrann\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Problematika rizika po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f se \u0159e\u0161\u00ed v na\u0161ich koncep\u010dn\u00edch materi\u00e1lech k problematice sucha, kter\u00e9 pr\u00e1v\u011b p\u0159ipravujeme.<\/p>\n

Letos na ja\u0159e byla z\u0159\u00edzena meziresortn\u00ed komise VODA-SUCHO pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed problematiky sucha nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d r\u016fzn\u00fdmi sektory. Co od t\u00e9to skupiny o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1te?<\/h4>\n

Meziresortn\u00ed komise VODA-SUCHO sleduje c\u00edl zamezit negativn\u00edm dopad\u016fm sucha na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR. Prvn\u00edm jej\u00edm v\u00fdstupem je n\u00e1vrh preventivn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed, d\u00e1le nastaven\u00ed legislativy tak, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 za vzniku sucha s takovou situac\u00ed efektivn\u011b nakl\u00e1dat. Mimo to navrhuje ekonomick\u00e1, environment\u00e1ln\u00ed a technick\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 p\u0159isp\u011bj\u00ed k p\u0159edch\u00e1zen\u00ed vzniku sucha na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR. Tento materi\u00e1l bude p\u0159edlo\u017een ke schv\u00e1len\u00ed vl\u00e1d\u011b \u010cR v pr\u016fb\u011bhu n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch t\u00fddn\u016f.<\/p>\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee podzemn\u00ed vody jsou kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zdroj ne\u017e vody povrchov\u00e9, je jejich \u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed dlouhodob\u011b levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Jak\u00fd na to m\u00e1te n\u00e1zor?<\/h4>\n

Nesouhlas\u00edm s dne\u0161n\u00ed situac\u00ed, kter\u00e1 ekonomicky up\u0159ednost\u0148uje vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed zdroj\u016f podzemn\u00edch vod p\u0159ed povrchov\u00fdmi. Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b kdy\u017e se zamysl\u00edte nad t\u00edm, \u017ee pod zem\u00ed m\u00e1me ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s povrchov\u00fdmi vodami velmi kvalitn\u00ed vodu a \u017ee jej\u00ed z\u00e1soby jsou omezen\u00e9. Logicky by proto m\u011bly b\u00fdt tyto zdroje vod cenn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Proto M\u017dP navrhuje legislativn\u00ed zm\u011bny, kter\u00e9 povedou k v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ochran\u011b zdroj\u016f podzemn\u00edch vod.<\/p>\n

\"rozhovor-1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

N\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva ministra M\u017dP R. Brabce ve V\u00daV TGM<\/h6>\n

Jak se Ministerstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed d\u00edv\u00e1 na nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti recyklace vody, nap\u0159. op\u011btovn\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 odpadn\u00ed vody k zavla\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed?<\/h4>\n

Nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti recyklace vod v\u00edt\u00e1me. O\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9mu poklesu vyu\u017eiteln\u00fdch vodn\u00edch zdroj\u016f je mo\u017eno p\u0159edch\u00e1zet i zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00edm a podporou syst\u00e9m\u016f pro dal\u0161\u00ed u\u017eit\u00ed vod jako u\u017eitkov\u00fdch a syst\u00e9m\u016f pro recyklaci vod, zejm\u00e9na op\u011btovn\u00e9ho vyu\u017eit\u00ed m\u00e1lo zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch nebo \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch odpadn\u00edch vod a vod sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdch.<\/p>\n

Problematiku z\u00e1vlah v zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed s vyu\u017eit\u00edm recyklovan\u00e9 vody samoz\u0159ejm\u011b bude ges\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u0161it resort Ministerstva zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Jak by ministerstvo vylep\u0161ilo management sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdch vod?<\/h4>\n

Z\u00e1kladem \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed podle vodn\u00edho z\u00e1kona je decentralizovan\u00fd syst\u00e9m hospoda\u0159en\u00ed se sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdmi vodami, kter\u00fd podporuje vsak, retenci, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b vyu\u017eit\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 vody p\u0159\u00edmo na pozemku stavebn\u00edka.<\/p>\n

Pro efektivn\u00ed odv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdch vod v urbanizovan\u00fdch oblastech je vhodn\u00e9 zav\u00e1d\u011bt syst\u00e9my p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho odvodn\u011bn\u00ed i na dopravn\u00edch ploch\u00e1ch, a to pomoc\u00ed zatravn\u011bn\u00fdch p\u00e1s\u016f, propustn\u00fdch povrch\u016f, syst\u00e9m\u016f povrchov\u00e9ho odv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdch vod do reten\u010dn\u00edch a vsakovac\u00edch objekt\u016f. A tak\u00e9 podporovat z\u0159izov\u00e1n\u00ed vsakovac\u00edch technologi\u00ed na de\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 kanalizaci.<\/p>\n

D\u00e1le by m\u011bly b\u00fdt principy hospoda\u0159en\u00ed se sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdmi vodami prom\u00edtnuty do \u00fazemn\u00edho pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed. Plo\u0161n\u00fd rozvoj obc\u00ed, mysl\u00edm t\u00edm vymezen\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch zastaviteln\u00fdch ploch, je nutn\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bt se zohledn\u011bn\u00edm m\u00edstn\u00edch odtokov\u00fdch pom\u011br\u016f a spojit v\u0161e s koncepc\u00ed odvodn\u011bn\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed v \u0161ir\u0161\u00edch \u00fazemn\u00edch souvislostech. Tuto problematiku \u0159e\u0161\u00edme ve Strategii p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed se zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch \u010cR.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00fd v\u00fdznam maj\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed v krajin\u011b p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed sucha, resp. povodn\u00ed?<\/h4>\n

Realizace t\u011bchto opat\u0159en\u00ed, k nim\u017e pat\u0159\u00ed t\u0159eba obnova krajinn\u00fdch prvk\u016f, revitalizace vodn\u00edch tok\u016f, niv a mok\u0159ad\u016f, d\u00e1le podpora p\u0159irozen\u00fdch rozliv\u016f v plo\u0161e povod\u00ed, budov\u00e1n\u00ed mal\u00fdch vodn\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed s ekosyst\u00e9mov\u00fdmi funkcemi, pozemkov\u00e9 \u00fapravy a zm\u011bna zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9ho i lesn\u00edho hospoda\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k dlouhodob\u00e9mu zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1sob vl\u00e1hy v p\u016fd\u011b, podzemn\u00edch vod v povod\u00ed a k dobr\u00e9 funkci mal\u00e9ho vodn\u00edho ob\u011bhu vody v krajin\u011b. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b m\u00e1 i v\u00fdznamn\u00fd synergick\u00fd efekt, d\u00edky n\u011bmu\u017e se v\u00fdznamn\u011b sni\u017euj\u00ed po\u0159izovac\u00ed a provozn\u00ed n\u00e1klady. Takov\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed toti\u017e napom\u00e1haj\u00ed \u0159e\u0161it problematiku sucha a sou\u010dasn\u011b podstatn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed protipovod\u0148ov\u00e9 ochrany i adaptace na zm\u011bnu klimatu.<\/p>\n

Redakce<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Drought has been and certainly will be. On this topic is based conversation with the Minister of the Environment, which includes questions on the continuing heat wave and drought.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":388,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[119,121,113,120],"coauthors":[73],"class_list":["post-850","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-from-the-world-of-water-management","tag-climatic-changes","tag-drought","tag-hydrological-drought","tag-interview"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/850","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=850"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/850\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30286,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/850\/revisions\/30286"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/388"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=850"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=850"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=850"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=850"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}