{"id":7628,"date":"2020-02-26T10:31:10","date_gmt":"2020-02-26T09:31:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/?p=7628"},"modified":"2024-07-17T09:48:32","modified_gmt":"2024-07-17T08:48:32","slug":"fidings-from-testing-of-selected-biochemical-products-to-the-heritage-sites-water-elements-environment-adjustment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/2020\/02\/fidings-from-testing-of-selected-biochemical-products-to-the-heritage-sites-water-elements-environment-adjustment\/","title":{"rendered":"Fidings from testing of selected biochemical products to the heritage sites water elements environment adjustment"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4><i class=\"fa fa-exclamation-circle fa-3x pull-left\"><\/i> This article is available in Czech only. For translation or more information on this topic, please contact author.<\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Souhrn<\/h2>\n<p>\u010cl\u00e1nek je zam\u011b\u0159en na prezentaci poznatk\u016f z\u00a0testov\u00e1n\u00ed vybran\u00fdch biochemick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f pro \u00fapravu prost\u0159ed\u00ed vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f historick\u00fdch zahrad a\u00a0park\u016f a\u00a0kulturn\u00edch pam\u00e1tek. C\u00edlem studie bylo experiment\u00e1ln\u011b posoudit p\u0159\u00ednos a\u00a0rizika aplikace t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f, a\u00a0to s\u00a0ohledem na zlep\u0161en\u00ed kvality vody, omezen\u00ed rozvoje \u0159as a\u00a0sinic v\u00a0eutrofn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch a\u00a0sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed objemu dnov\u00e9ho sedimentu. Studie byla provedena s\u00a0vyu\u017eit\u00edm soustavy poloprovozn\u00edch model\u016f okrasn\u00fdch baz\u00e9n\u016f a\u00a0s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edmou aplikac\u00ed na re\u00e1ln\u00fdch vodn\u00edch prvc\u00edch zahrady z\u00e1mku v\u00a0Libochovic\u00edch. Dosa\u017een\u00e9 poznatky ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee pravidelnou aplikac\u00ed vybran\u00fdch a\u00a0vhodn\u00fdch biochemick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f, nejl\u00e9pe od za\u010d\u00e1tku sezony, lze udr\u017eet vhodnou kvalitu vodn\u00edch prost\u0159ed\u00ed, a\u00a0to zejm\u00e9na u\u00a0mal\u00fdch baz\u00e9n\u016f a\u00a0n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed pr\u00e1ce byla i\u00a0anal\u00fdza souboru vzork\u016f sediment\u016f k\u00a0ur\u010den\u00ed potenci\u00e1lu vyu\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f v\u00a0\u0161ir\u0161\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku. Tento potenci\u00e1l byl potvrzen.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00davod<\/h2>\n<h3>Pro\u010d se v\u011bnovat kvalit\u011b prost\u0159ed\u00ed vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f a\u00a0jej\u00ed udr\u017een\u00ed b\u011bhem n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvnick\u00e9 sezony?<\/h3>\n<p>Historick\u00e9 zahrady a\u00a0parky od renesance a\u017e do poloviny 20. stolet\u00ed zahrnuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 zahradn\u00ed typy a\u00a0um\u011bleck\u00e9 pojet\u00ed voln\u00e9ho prostoru v\u00a0jejich r\u00e1mci. Skl\u00e1daj\u00ed se z\u00a0konstruk\u010dn\u00edch a\u00a0vegeta\u010dn\u00edch prvk\u016f a\u00a0jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed krajiny, um\u011ble a\u00a0um\u011blecky navr\u017een\u00e9 \u010di upraven\u00e9 \u010dlov\u011bkem [1, 2]. Konstruk\u010dn\u00ed prvky zahrnuj\u00ed i\u00a0v\u0161echny vodn\u00ed prvky, jen\u017e se d\u011bl\u00ed na prvky form\u00e1ln\u00ed (nap\u0159. vodn\u00ed plochy prizmatick\u00fdch tvar\u016f, um\u011bl\u00e9 kan\u00e1ly, font\u00e1ny, ka\u0161ny, a\u00a0jin\u00e9 [3]) a\u00a0neform\u00e1ln\u00ed (nap\u0159. mal\u00e9 vodn\u00ed plochy p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edho charakteru, \u010d\u00e1sti koryt vodn\u00edch tok\u016f apod.). Z\u00a0hlediska ohro\u017een\u00ed vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f lze identifikovat p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b ohro\u017een\u00ed kvality jejich vodn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed (p\u0159\u00edsun zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed z\u00a0bodov\u00fdch, plo\u0161n\u00fdch a\u00a0dif\u00fazn\u00edch zdroj\u016f zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed), ohro\u017een\u00ed prostorov\u00fdch charakteristik (zazem\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm, ucp\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm, vysych\u00e1n\u00edm atd.) a\u00a0ohro\u017een\u00ed kvality doprovodn\u00e9 vegetace (roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed invazivn\u00edch druh\u016f, ohro\u017een\u00ed suchem, z\u00e1plavami, zm\u011bnami hladiny podzemn\u00ed vody, \u0161k\u016fdci a\u00a0nemocemi atd.). V\u00fdznamnou roli v\u00a0ohro\u017een\u00ed kvality rybni\u010dn\u00edch vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f hraje eutrofizace vod [4, 5]. \u00dadr\u017eba a\u00a0monitoring stavu pam\u00e1tek, v\u010detn\u011b zahrad a\u00a0park\u016f a\u00a0vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f, bude hr\u00e1t podle [6] v\u00fdznamnou roli v\u00a0souvislosti se zm\u011bnou klimatu a\u00a0v\u00fdskytem extremit po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Mo\u017enosti ovlivn\u011bn\u00ed kvality prost\u0159ed\u00ed vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f<\/h3>\n<p>Ovlivn\u011bn\u00ed kvality prost\u0159ed\u00ed je mo\u017en\u00e9 jak osv\u011bd\u010den\u00fdmi a\u00a0pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdmi postupy, tak i\u00a0\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm biologick\u00fdch proces\u016f. Pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 postupy zahrnuj\u00ed recirkulaci a\u00a0filtraci vody, co\u017e se uplatn\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e pro form\u00e1ln\u00ed vodn\u00ed prvky. Tato \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed jsou pro n\u011b rozpracov\u00e1na nap\u0159. v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edru\u010dce [3]. D\u00e1le se jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0manipulaci s\u00a0vodou, jej\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bnu anebo zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00e9ho pr\u016ftoku a\u00a0\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, tedy postupy vyu\u017eiteln\u00e9 pro form\u00e1ln\u00ed i\u00a0neform\u00e1ln\u00ed vodn\u00ed prvky. V\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech je mo\u017en\u00e9 v\u00a0r\u00e1mci rekonstrukce zm\u011bnit zdroj vody. U\u00a0men\u0161\u00edch vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f lze ovlivnit, resp. omezit projevy eutrofizace vody, z\u00e1kal, zbarven\u00ed vody, v\u00fdskyt tzv. vodn\u00edho kv\u011btu, zar\u016fst\u00e1n\u00ed, aplikac\u00ed chemick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f pro o\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed anebo desinfekci vody. Zlep\u0161en\u00ed stavu m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdznamn\u011b p\u0159isp\u011bt odbahn\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0samoz\u0159ejm\u011b \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159it\u00e9kaj\u00edc\u00edch vod a\u00a0vnos splavenin \u00fapravami v\u00a0povod\u00ed, co\u017e pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b p\u0159es\u00e1hne v\u017edy mo\u017enosti spr\u00e1vy dan\u00e9 pam\u00e1tkov\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 lokality nebo objektu.<\/p>\n<p>Specifick\u00e1 problematika mno\u017estv\u00ed, kontaminace a\u00a0mo\u017enost\u00ed odstran\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0ulo\u017een\u00ed sediment\u016f vodn\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed, v\u00a0p\u0159enesen\u00e9m v\u00fdznamu i\u00a0vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f kulturn\u00edch pam\u00e1tek historick\u00fdch s\u00eddel, je celosv\u011btov\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem [7] a\u00a0i\u00a0v\u00a0podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky je upravena legislativou (vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka \u010d. 257\/2009\u00a0Sb., o\u00a0pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed sediment\u016f na\u00a0zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 p\u016fd\u011b). V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee sediment kvalitou nespl\u0148uje po\u017eadavky t\u00e9to vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky, je nutn\u00e9 jeho ulo\u017een\u00ed na skl\u00e1dky, co\u017e s\u00a0sebou nese velk\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky. Proto je snahou \u0159e\u0161it mno\u017estv\u00ed a\u00a0i\u00a0slo\u017een\u00ed sediment\u016f pomoc\u00ed jin\u00fdch technologi\u00ed, ne\u017e je bagrov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 deponov\u00e1n\u00ed sediment\u016f [8\u201310]. Nov\u00fdmi postupy, kter\u00e9 se st\u00e1le v\u00edce uplat\u0148uj\u00ed v\u00a0praxi p\u00e9\u010de o\u00a0vodn\u00ed plochy, jez\u00edrka a\u00a0koupac\u00ed biotopy, je vyu\u017eit\u00ed biochemie a\u00a0biotechnologi\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00a0aplikaci biologicko-enzymatick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f, kter\u00e9 mohou p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011b ovlivnit slo\u017een\u00ed sediment\u016f a\u00a0jejich mno\u017estv\u00ed [11, 12]. Pro studium vlastnost\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f a\u00a0jejich \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed jsou vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny mikrobiologick\u00e9 metody, a\u00a0to zejm\u00e9na stanoven\u00ed po\u010dtu kultivovateln\u00fdch mikroorganism\u016f. D\u00e1le je mo\u017en\u00e9 sledovat zm\u011bny koncentrac\u00ed ukazatel\u016f kvality vody (zejm\u00e9na obsah nutrient\u016f) a\u00a0slo\u017een\u00ed biosestonu v\u00a0n\u00e1vaznosti na kompetici bakteri\u00ed s\u00a0\u0159asami [13].<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00edl studie<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00edlem studie, proveden\u00e9 jako d\u00edl\u010d\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st cel\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu kvality prost\u0159ed\u00ed vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f kulturn\u00edch pam\u00e1tek (objekt\u016f, rezervac\u00ed a z\u00f3n), bylo prov\u00e9st prov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a hodnocen\u00ed stavu vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f (font\u00e1n, ka\u0161en, baz\u00e9n\u016f, n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed, rybn\u00edk\u016f apod.) pam\u00e1tkov\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch objekt\u016f a \u00fazem\u00ed a kvality jejich vodn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, se zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na v\u0161echny typy pam\u00e1tkov\u00fdch rezervac\u00ed, n\u00e1rodn\u00ed kulturn\u00ed pam\u00e1tky a\u00a0lokality sv\u011btov\u00e9ho kulturn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed. Nejprve bylo t\u0159eba zvolit vhodn\u00e9 postupy, mezi n\u011b\u017e pat\u0159ilo vyu\u017eit\u00ed dotazn\u00edkov\u00e9ho \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, detailn\u00edho pr\u016fzkumu vodn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed vybran\u00fdch lokalit a\u00a0anal\u00fdz vzork\u016f vod a\u00a0sediment\u016f se zahrnut\u00edm rozboru vybran\u00fdch biologick\u00fdch slo\u017eek (fytoplankton, zooplankton, vegetace) a\u00a0posouzen\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed ryb\u00edch obs\u00e1dek. V\u00fdsledkem v\u00fdzkumu by m\u011bla b\u00fdt doporu\u010den\u00ed a\u00a0n\u00e1vrhy opat\u0159en\u00ed k\u00a0udr\u017een\u00ed \u010di zlep\u0161en\u00ed kvality, v\u010detn\u011b \u00faprav ryb\u00edch obs\u00e1dek.<\/p>\n<h2>Metodika pr\u00e1ce<\/h2>\n<p>Pr\u00e1ce na studii vych\u00e1zely z\u00a0v\u00fdsledk\u016f detailn\u00edho ro\u010dn\u00edho sledov\u00e1n\u00ed souboru pilotn\u00edch lokalit v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho projektu. N\u00ed\u017ee je uveden soupis t\u011bchto lokalit a\u00a0jejich mapov\u00e9 zobrazen\u00ed (<em>obr. 1<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i ter\u00e9nn\u00edch \u0161et\u0159en\u00edch byly pro vybran\u00e9 vodn\u00ed prvky (neform\u00e1ln\u00ed i\u00a0form\u00e1ln\u00ed) p\u0159\u00edstroji Hach-Lange HQ40d m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b m\u011b\u0159eny: teplota vody, koncentrace rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9ho kysl\u00edku, nasycen\u00ed kysl\u00edkem, elektrick\u00e1 konduktivita vody a\u00a0pH. M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed byla prov\u00e1d\u011bna ve vrstv\u011b vody pod hladinou a\u00a0nade dnem. Pr\u016fhlednost byla m\u011b\u0159ena Secchiho deskou. Odebran\u00e9 vzorky vod byly analyzov\u00e1ny v\u00a0akreditovan\u00fdch laborato\u0159\u00edch V\u00daV na obsah nerozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch a\u00a0organick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, jednotliv\u00e9 formy dus\u00edku a\u00a0fosforu, obsah vybran\u00fdch iont\u016f (chloridy, s\u00edrany, v\u00e1pn\u00edk, drasl\u00edk atd.) umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pozn\u00e1n\u00ed dan\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-1.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-7628];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"516\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7547 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-1-300x194.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-1-768x495.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/516;\" \/><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h6>Obr. 1. V\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 lokality a\u00a0jejich za\u0159azen\u00ed do kategori\u00ed pam\u00e1tek<br \/>\nFig. 1. Surveyed localities and their rank by culture heritage site categories<\/h6>\n<p>Popis sledovan\u00fdch vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f lokalit na<em> obr. 1<\/em>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>pr\u016fto\u010dn\u00e9 rybn\u00edky bez produk\u010dn\u00edho\u00a0chovu ryb\u00a0\u2013 B\u0159evnov, \u010cerven\u00e9 Po\u0159\u00ed\u010d\u00ed, \u010cesk\u00fd Krumlov, Hola\u0161ovice, Ploskovice, Vesec, Kr\u00e1tk\u00e1, R\u00e1jec nad Svitavou (2 rybn\u00ed\u010dky), Krom\u011b\u0159\u00ed\u017e-Podz\u00e1meck\u00e1 zahrada (1 rybn\u00edk), Lednice,<\/li>\n<li>pr\u016fto\u010dn\u00e9 rybn\u00edky s\u00a0produk\u010dn\u00edm\u00a0chovem ryb\u00a0\u2013 Osek (1 rybn\u00edk), Krom\u011b\u0159\u00ed\u017e-Podz\u00e1meck\u00e1 zahrada (2 rybn\u00edky), Hole\u0161ov,<\/li>\n<li>v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed baz\u00e9ny a\u00a0n\u00e1dr\u017ee s\u00a0okrasn\u00fdmi rybami\u00a0\u2013 Osek (3 n\u00e1dr\u017ee), Ratibo\u0159ice, Litomy\u0161l, R\u00e1jec nad Svitavou (2\u00a0n\u00e1dr\u017ee), Krom\u011b\u0159\u00ed\u017e-Kv\u011btn\u00e1 zahrada,<\/li>\n<li>ka\u0161ny, font\u00e1ny a\u00a0mal\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ee\u00a0\u2013 Libochovice, Z\u00e1kupy, Nov\u00e9 M\u011bsto nad Metuj\u00ed,<\/li>\n<li>vodn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkop\u00a0\u2013 \u0160vihov.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed o\u00a0spole\u010denstev osidluj\u00edc\u00ed vybran\u00e9 vodn\u00ed prvky jsme zvolili n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed biologick\u00e9 metody. V\u00a0prv\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b se jednalo o\u00a0stanoven\u00ed chlorofylu-a. Tato metoda vych\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0\u010cSN 75 7575 \u201eJakost vod \u2013 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed biochemick\u00fdch ukazatel\u016f\u00a0\u2013 spektrofotometrick\u00e9 stanoven\u00ed\u201c. Koncentrace chlorofylu-a\u00a0poskytuje informaci o\u00a0mno\u017estv\u00ed a\u00a0potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed fotosyntetick\u00e9 aktivit\u011b \u0159as. Stanoven\u00ed bylo dopln\u011bno ur\u010den\u00edm koncentrace tzv.\u00a0feopigment\u016f, co\u017e jsou produkty rozkladu fytoplanktonu a\u00a0slou\u017e\u00ed jako indikace jeho fyziologick\u00e9ho stavu, a\u00a0to stanoven\u00edm pom\u011bru chlorofylu k\u00a0feopigment\u016fm.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00e1le to bylo stanoven\u00ed trofick\u00e9ho potenci\u00e1lu, vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z\u00a0normy TNV 757741\u00a0\u2013 Mikrometoda stanoven\u00ed toxicity a\u00a0trofick\u00e9ho potenci\u00e1lu \u0159asov\u00fdm testem. Trofick\u00fd potenci\u00e1l je ukazatelem obsahu biologicky vyu\u017eiteln\u00fdch \u017eivin ve\u00a0vod\u011b. Podstatou zkou\u0161ky je zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed narostl\u00e9 biomasy u\u00a0zfiltrovan\u00e9ho vzorku, kter\u00fd se o\u010dkuje zku\u0161ebn\u00edm organismem (v\u00a0na\u0161em p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b cenobi\u00e1ln\u00ed zelen\u00e1 \u0159asa <em>Scenedesmus quadricauda<\/em>) za standardn\u00edch podm\u00ednek do stacion\u00e1rn\u00ed f\u00e1ze r\u016fstu. Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed biomasy je p\u0159\u00edmo \u00fam\u011brn\u00e9 trofick\u00e9mu potenci\u00e1lu ud\u00e1van\u00e9ho v\u00a0mg\/l a\u00a0ud\u00e1v\u00e1 trofii (\u00fa\u017eivnost) vody. Podrobn\u011bji nap\u0159. [14]. Posledn\u00ed pou\u017eitou metodou bylo stanoven\u00ed biosestonu\u00a0\u2013 fytoplanktonu a\u00a0planktonn\u00edch sinic vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z\u00a0\u010cSN 75 7712 \u201eKvalita vod. Biologick\u00fd rozbor\u00a0\u2013 stanoven\u00ed biosestonu\u201c a\u00a0\u010cSN 75 7717 \u201eKvalita vod. Stanoven\u00ed planktonn\u00edch sinic\u201c. Tato metoda pom\u00e1h\u00e1 charakterizovat dan\u00e9 vodn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed, r\u00e1mcov\u011b ur\u010dit p\u016fvod zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, \u017eivin a\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho druhu. Tuto metodu jsme pou\u017eili v\u00a0kr\u00e1cen\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e, kdy \u00farove\u0148 determinace nebyla postaven\u00e1 na p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 kvantifikaci jedinc\u016f (bun\u011bk) v\u00a01\u00a0ml\u00a0 p\u016fvodn\u00edho vzorku, ale na procentick\u00e9m zastoupen\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch odd\u011blen\u00ed. Tak\u00e9 byl kladen d\u016fraz na p\u0159\u00edtomnost indik\u00e1torov\u00fdch druh\u016f, kter\u00e9 mohou signalizovat zhor\u0161en\u00e9 zm\u011bny.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-2.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-7628];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"403\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7549 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-2.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-2-300x151.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-2-768x387.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/403;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr. 2. Poloprovozn\u00ed model okrasn\u00fdch vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f historick\u00fdch zahrad<br \/>\nFig. 2. Semi-operated models of historical garden ornamental water elements<\/h6>\n<p>Tyto uveden\u00e9 postupy a\u00a0anal\u00fdzy byly vyu\u017eity jak p\u0159i provozu a\u00a0sledov\u00e1n\u00ed vlivu aplikace vybran\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f v\u00a0poloprovozn\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku (n\u00e1dr\u017ee v\u00a0are\u00e1lu V\u00daV TGM v\u00a0Praze Podbab\u011b), v\u00a0re\u00e1ln\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku (vodn\u00ed prvky a\u00a0are\u00e1lu z\u00e1mku Libochovice), tak v\u00a0podstat\u011b i\u00a0p\u0159i experimentech v\u00a0laboratorn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, kdy byl stanovov\u00e1n potenci\u00e1l r\u016fzn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f k\u00a0\u00faprav\u011b podm\u00ednek vodn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, redukce p\u0159\u00edtomnosti fosforu anebo fytoplanktonu \u010di\u00a0redukci organick\u00e9 slo\u017eky sediment\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Jeliko\u017e je mo\u017en\u00e9 biochemick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravky vyu\u017e\u00edt i\u00a0na \u00fapravu vlastnost\u00ed a\u00a0mno\u017estv\u00ed sediment\u016f, byla tato mo\u017enost ve studii tak\u00e9 zkou\u0161ena a\u00a0posouzena. Jejich aplikace vych\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0potenci\u00e1lu bakteri\u00e1ln\u00edho spole\u010denstva rozkl\u00e1dat organickou slo\u017eku sediment\u016f, a\u00a0t\u00edm sn\u00ed\u017eit jejich mno\u017estv\u00ed a\u00a0zejm\u00e9na objem. Pro studii byla vyu\u017eita datov\u00e1 sada obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed 90\u00a0vzork\u016f sediment\u016f odebran\u00fdch z\u00a0vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f pilotn\u00edch lokalit a\u00a0\u0159ady dal\u0161\u00edch pam\u00e1tkov\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch objekt\u016f a\u00a0are\u00e1l\u016f. Jednalo se tak o\u00a0\u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f zahrnuj\u00edc\u00edch prakticky v\u0161echny typy t\u011bchto prvk\u016f vyskytuj\u00edc\u00ed se v\u00a0pam\u00e1tkov\u011b cenn\u00fdch anebo i\u00a0chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch are\u00e1lech \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. Sedimenty poch\u00e1zely jak z\u00a0jarn\u00edch, tak i\u00a0podzimn\u00edch odb\u011br\u016f. Odb\u011bry byly prov\u00e1d\u011bny Ekmanov\u00fdm drap\u00e1kem z\u00a0\u010dlunu, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b z\u00a0prostoru p\u0159ed odtokov\u00fdm objektem, kde to bylo mo\u017en\u00e9. V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u011blk\u00fdch, zejm\u00e9na form\u00e1ln\u00edch vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f (nap\u0159. okrasn\u00fdch baz\u00e9n\u016f) to nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 a\u00a0byl pou\u017eit ru\u010dn\u00ed sb\u011br n\u00e1dobou na ty\u010di. Sedimenty byly zpracov\u00e1ny v\u00a0laborato\u0159i. Z\u00a0proveden\u00fdch anal\u00fdz byly pro \u00fa\u010dely studie vyu\u017eity anal\u00fdzy su\u0161iny a\u00a0ztr\u00e1ty \u017e\u00edh\u00e1n\u00edm, tedy stanoven\u00ed pod\u00edlu spaliteln\u00e9 organick\u00e9 slo\u017eky.<\/p>\n<p>Co se t\u00fd\u010de metodiky pr\u00e1ce s\u00a0biochemick\u00fdmi a\u00a0\u010dist\u011b biologick\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edpravky, jejich p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br byl proveden na z\u00e1klad\u011b re\u0161er\u0161e jejich komer\u010dn\u00ed dostupnosti v\u00a0oboru \u00fadr\u017eby okrasn\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed a\u00a0jez\u00edrek, jen\u017e byl dopln\u011bn v\u00fdvojem a\u00a0testov\u00e1n\u00edm vhodn\u00e9 sm\u011bsi ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch surovin pro jejich p\u0159\u00edpravu (nosi\u010d biomasy\u00a0\u2013 jemn\u011b mlet\u00fd zeolit, nebo mouka; su\u0161en\u00e1 bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed kultura a\u00a0dopl\u0148kov\u00e9 \u017eivn\u00e9 soli a\u00a0enzymy). Komer\u010dn\u011b dostupn\u00e9 a\u00a0testovan\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravky nap\u0159. zahrnovaly p\u0159\u00edpravky s\u00a0obsahem m\u011b\u010fnat\u00fdch sol\u00ed (inhibice r\u016fstu \u0159as), hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch sol\u00ed \u010di hlinitok\u0159emi\u010ditanov\u00fdch sol\u00ed (vyu\u017eiteln\u00e9 pro sr\u00e1\u017een\u00ed), nap\u0159. na b\u00e1zi l\u00e1tky PAX (polyaluminiumchlorid\u00a0\u2013 viz http:\/\/www.prochemie.cz\/chem\/tech-list-pax-18-polyaluminiumchlorid.pdf), p\u0159\u00edpravky s\u00a0obsahem extraktu z\u00a0je\u010dn\u00e9 sl\u00e1my (v\u00fdrobce Microbe-Lift), nebo ra\u0161eliny (resp. s\u00a0obsahem ra\u0161elinn\u00e9ho pod\u00edlu s\u00a0obsahem huminov\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, dopln\u011bn\u00fd o\u00a0\u017eivn\u00e9 enzymy a\u00a0extrakt je\u010dn\u00e9 sl\u00e1my k\u00a0inhibici r\u016fstu \u0159as).<\/p>\n<p>Experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed f\u00e1ze vych\u00e1zela z\u00a0doporu\u010den\u00fdch koncentrac\u00ed pro aplikaci p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f na tis\u00edc litr\u016f vody, kdy byla aplikov\u00e1na jednor\u00e1zov\u011b uveden\u00e1 doporu\u010den\u00e1 koncentrace a\u00a0jej\u00ed dvojn\u00e1sobn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed na stejn\u00fd objem vody. P\u0159i\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 aplikaci v\u00a0poloprovozu a\u00a0re\u00e1ln\u00e9m provozu prob\u00edhalo d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00ed\u017ee uveden\u00fdmi postupy.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-3.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-7628];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"270\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7551 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-3.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-3-300x101.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-3-768x259.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/270;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr. 3. Vodn\u00ed prvky v\u00a0are\u00e1lu z\u00e1mku Libochovice; aplikace roztoku biologick\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edpravku (vlevo) a\u00a0m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed parametr\u016f kvality vody (vpravo)<br \/>\nFig. 3. Libochovice chateau water elements; biological preparation solution application (left) and water quality parameters measuring (right)<\/h6>\n<h2>Popis testovac\u00edho poloprovozu a\u00a0pilotn\u00ed lokality<\/h2>\n<p>V\u00a0are\u00e1lu V\u00daV TGM Praha byly k\u00a0dispozici m\u011blk\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ee prizmatick\u00e9ho tvaru se dnem a\u00a0st\u011bnami v\u00fd\u0161ky cca 50 cm vyroben\u00fdmi sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm polypropylenov\u00fdch desek (<em>obr. 2<\/em>). Dv\u011b z\u00a0t\u011bchto n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed byly vyu\u017eity jako poloprovozn\u00ed modely okrasn\u00fdch form\u00e1ln\u00edch baz\u00e9n\u016f v\u00a0re\u00e1ln\u00fdch klimatick\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, napu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 a\u00a0dopl\u0148ovan\u00e9 re\u00e1lnou \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed vodou (zdrojovou vodou byla \u0159eka Vltava v\u00a0Praze-Podbab\u011b).<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1dr\u017ee maj\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed parametry:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>men\u0161\u00ed baz\u00e9ny (ozna\u010den\u00e9 H1 a\u00a0K1): 3,40 m \u00d7 2,40 m, hloubka vody p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 0,40 m.<\/li>\n<li>v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed baz\u00e9ny (ozna\u010den\u00e9 H2 a\u00a0K2): 3,40 m \u00d7 4,90 m, hloubka vody p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 0,40 m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Baz\u00e9ny byly napou\u0161t\u011bny v\u00a0dubnu dan\u00e9ho roku a\u00a0vypou\u0161t\u011bny v\u00a0listopadu podle aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch teplot. Jejich provoz tedy odpov\u00eddal provozu re\u00e1ln\u00fdch vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f pam\u00e1tkov\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch are\u00e1l\u016f a\u00a0objekt\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Aplikovan\u00fd biologick\u00fd bakteri\u00e1ln\u011b-enzymatick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpravek sest\u00e1val ze sm\u011bsi enzym\u016f, \u017eivn\u00fdch sol\u00ed, bakteri\u00e1ln\u00edch kmen\u016f a\u00a0zeolitov\u00e9ho nosi\u010de. P\u0159\u00edpravek, spolu s\u00a0n\u011bkolika dal\u0161\u00edmi byl podroben anal\u00fdze v\u00a0laborato\u0159i, v\u010detn\u011b proveden\u00ed kultiva\u010dn\u00edch test\u016f. P\u0159\u00edpravek byl skladov\u00e1n v\u00a0uzav\u0159en\u00e9 nepr\u016fhledn\u00e9 plastov\u00e9 n\u00e1dob\u011b p\u0159i konstantn\u00ed teplot\u011b asi 20\u00a0\u00b0C (v\u00a0laborato\u0159i, ve sklad\u011b), ne na p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9m slune\u010dn\u00edm sv\u011btle.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-4.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-7628];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"1108\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7553 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-4.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-4-217x300.jpg 217w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-4-739x1024.jpg 739w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-4-768x1064.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/1108;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr. 4. Pr\u016fb\u011bh teploty vody a\u00a0hodnoty pH vody v\u00a0sekc\u00edch poloprovozn\u00edch modelov\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed<br \/>\nFig. 4. The course of water temperature and water pH in the sections of semi-operated model basins<\/h6>\n<p>Pr\u016fb\u011bh aplikace p\u0159\u00edpravku byl n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed: D\u00e1vka p\u0159\u00edpravku byla rozpu\u0161t\u011bna v\u00a0desetilitrov\u00e9 n\u00e1dob\u011b (pro baz\u00e9n K1, pro baz\u00e9n K2 se vyu\u017eila p\u011btilitrov\u00e1 konev) napln\u011bn\u00e9 vodou z\u00a0n\u00e1dr\u017ee, do kter\u00e9 byl p\u0159\u00edpravek n\u00e1sledn\u011b aplikov\u00e1n (K1, K2). Reak\u010dn\u00ed doba aktivace p\u0159\u00edpravku byla 15 a\u017e 20 minut. B\u011bhem t\u00e9to doby byl objem vody v\u00a0konvi\/kbel\u00edku n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t prom\u00edch\u00e1v\u00e1n nekovov\u00fdm p\u0159edm\u011btem, ide\u00e1ln\u011b v\u00a0intervalech 5 minut. Roztok pro p\u0159\u00edpravu byl n\u00e1sledn\u011b d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n do n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed K1 a\u00a0K2. D\u00e1vka p\u0159\u00edpravku byla stanovena na 50 g p\u0159\u00edpravku na 1\u00a0m<sup>3<\/sup> vody v\u00a0baz\u00e9nu, \u010demu\u017e odpov\u00eddaly podle objemu baz\u00e9n\u016f n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed d\u00e1vky: K1\u00a0=\u00a03,264\u00a0m<sup>3<\/sup> =&gt; d\u00e1vka 122,5 g, K2 = 6,664 m<sup>3<\/sup> =&gt; d\u00e1vka 250 g. D\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed do obou baz\u00e9n\u016f za\u010dalo v\u00a0\u010dervnu 2018 a\u00a0pokra\u010dovalo a\u017e do \u0159\u00edjna 2018 v\u00a0t\u00fddenn\u00edm kroku. V\u00a0roce 2019 za\u010dalo d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed op\u011bt v\u00a0\u010dervnu a\u00a0pokra\u010dovalo a\u017e do \u0159\u00edjna.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-5.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-7628];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"486\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7555 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-5.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-5-300x182.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-5-768x467.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/486;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr. 5. Rozd\u00edl mezi organickou, spalitelnou slo\u017ekou nerozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch l\u00e1tek ve vod\u011b modelov\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed b\u011bhem roku 2018<br \/>\nFig. 5. Differences between amounts of VSS in the water of the model basins during the year 2018<\/h6>\n<p>Praktick\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st studie vlivu aplikace biologick\u00e9ho bakteri\u00e1ln\u011b-enzymatick\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edpravku byla prov\u00e1d\u011bna v\u00a0letech 2018 a\u00a02019 v\u00a0historick\u00e9 zahrad\u011b z\u00e1mku Libochovice (50.4051400N, 14.0438403E) pro t\u0159i vodn\u00ed prvky. Dva mal\u00e9 okrasn\u00e9 baz\u00e9ny s\u00a0pracovn\u00edm ozna\u010den\u00edm LIB-1 (<em>obr. 3<\/em> vlevo) a\u00a0LIB-3 (<em>obr. 3<\/em> vpravo) a\u00a0jednu font\u00e1nu (pracovn\u00ed ozna\u010den\u00ed LIB-2). Pou\u017eit byl stejn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpravek jako v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b poloprovozn\u00edho modelu ve stejn\u00e9m d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0srovnateln\u00fdm postupem aplikace.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-6.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-7628];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"318\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7557 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-6.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-6-300x119.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-6-768x305.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/318;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr. 6. Rozd\u00edl mezi pr\u016fhlednost\u00ed vody n\u00e1dr\u017ee bez aplikace p\u0159\u00edpravku (vlevo, sinicov\u00fd vodn\u00ed kv\u011bt) a\u00a0s\u00a0jeho aplikac\u00ed b\u011bhem vegeta\u010dn\u00ed sezony (vpravo)<br \/>\nFig. 6. Differences of the water transparency between basin without biological preparation application (left, blue algae surface film) and basin with the preparation application during vegetation period (right)<\/h6>\n<h2>V\u00fdsledky a\u00a0diskuse<\/h2>\n<h3>Poloprovozn\u00ed modelov\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ee<\/h3>\n<p>U\u00a0v\u0161ech \u010dty\u0159 sekc\u00ed poloprovozn\u00edch model\u016f okrasn\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed nebyly ani v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu sezony (\u010derven a\u017e listopad) zm\u011b\u0159eny v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu teploty vody (<em>obr. 4<\/em>). Naopak pH vody bylo odli\u0161n\u00e9 mezi sekcemi bez p\u0159\u00eddavku p\u0159\u00edpravku (sekce H1 a\u00a0H2), kdy hodnoty pH dosahovaly a\u017e do rozmez\u00ed 9\u201311, a\u00a0sekcemi s\u00a0aplikac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravku, tedy K1 a\u00a0K2 (<em>obr. 4<\/em>). Tento poznatek je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd pro p\u0159\u00edpad, \u017ee by v\u00a0n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch byly p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9 ryby. Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 vysok\u00e9 hodnoty pH v\u00a0sekc\u00edch H1 a\u00a0H2 by mohly zp\u016fsobit v\u00fdskyt nedisociovan\u00e9 formy amoniaku toxick\u00e9 pro ryby. Koncentrace amoniak\u00e1ln\u00edho dus\u00edku byly u\u00a0modelov\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed velmi n\u00edzk\u00e9, na \u00farovni pod 1 mg\/l, tedy toto riziko nenastalo. V\u00a0re\u00e1ln\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch by mohly b\u00fdt vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Koncentrace rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9ho kysl\u00edku a\u00a0nasycen\u00ed vody kysl\u00edkem byly dostate\u010dn\u00e9, a\u00a0to d\u00edky provzdu\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed vody, pohybovaly se nad hranic\u00ed 4 a\u017e 6 mg\/l, dostate\u010dnou pro n\u00e1sadu okrasn\u00fdch druh\u016f kaprovit\u00fdch ryb.<\/p>\n<p>Biologick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpravek zlep\u0161oval p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed kvalitu vody. Z\u00a0grafu na <em>obr.\u00a05<\/em> je patrn\u00e9, \u017ee mno\u017estv\u00ed suspendovan\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic ve vod\u011b, zejm\u00e9na organick\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu (spaliteln\u00fdch organick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek stanovovan\u00fdch pomoc\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty \u017e\u00edh\u00e1n\u00edm), se b\u011bhem vegeta\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvnick\u00e9 sezony roku 2018 sni\u017eovalo (baz\u00e9n \u201eH2\u201c\u00a0\u2013 bez p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed biologick\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edpravku, baz\u00e9n \u201eK2\u201c\u00a0\u2013 s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpravkem).<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-7.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-7628];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"358\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7559 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-7.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-7-300x134.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-7-768x344.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/358;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr. 7. \u010cetnost sediment\u016f definovan\u00fdch t\u0159\u00edd (\u201eT\u0159\u00eddy\u201c) pod\u00edlu organick\u00e9 slo\u017eky v\u00a0celkov\u00e9m souboru<br \/>\nFig. 7. Sediment frequency of the defined groups of organic component ratio within the whole dataset<\/h6>\n<p>U\u00a0poloprovozn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee se sekcemi H2 a\u00a0K2, kde byl sezonn\u011b aplikov\u00e1n p\u0159\u00edpravek, do\u0161lo k\u00a0potla\u010den\u00ed rozvoje vodn\u00edho kv\u011btu, jak je dokumentov\u00e1no na <em>obr.\u00a06<\/em>, kter\u00fd zobrazuje stav sekc\u00ed K1 a\u00a0K2. Podle pr\u016fzkumu na konci sezony do\u0161lo tak\u00e9 k\u00a0celkov\u00e9 redukci usazenin na dn\u011b n\u00e1dr\u017ee K2. Na za\u010d\u00e1tku sledov\u00e1n\u00ed byl do v\u0161ech sekc\u00ed rozvrstven sediment p\u0159ivezen\u00fd z\u00a0rybn\u00edka v\u00a0are\u00e1lu z\u00e1mku \u010cerven\u00e9 Po\u0159\u00ed\u010d\u00ed (Klatovsko) p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b organick\u00e9ho charakteru (nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zastoupen\u00ed m\u011blo opadan\u00e9 a\u00a0usazen\u00e9, \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b ji\u017e rozlo\u017een\u00e9 list\u00ed z\u00a0p\u0159edchoz\u00edho podzimu) o\u00a0tlou\u0161\u0165ce cca 10 cm. Sediment tohoto rybn\u00edka pou\u017eit\u00fd v\u00a0poloprovozn\u00edm pokusu sv\u00fdm charakterem odpov\u00eddal pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9mu sedimentu z\u00a0cel\u00e9ho souboru 90 analyzovan\u00fdch vzork\u016f.<\/p>\n<h5>Tabulka 1. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed statistick\u00e9 charakteristiky pod\u00edlu organick\u00e9 slo\u017eky v\u00a0sedimentech<br \/>\nTable 1. Basic statistical characteristics of the organic component ratio in the sediments<\/h5>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-tabulka-1.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-7628];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"404\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7567 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-tabulka-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-tabulka-1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-tabulka-1-300x152.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-tabulka-1-768x388.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/404;\" \/><\/a>\n<p>V\u00a0<em>tabulce 1<\/em> jsou uvedeny z\u00e1kladn\u00ed statistick\u00e9 charakteristiky tohoto souboru dnov\u00fdch sediment\u016f pro ukazatel \u201eztr\u00e1ta \u017e\u00edh\u00e1n\u00edm\u201c. Obsah organick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek se pohybuje ve velk\u00e9m rozp\u011bt\u00ed hodnot od sediment\u016f p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b anorganick\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu (nap\u0159. splachy z\u00a0komunikac\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b \u010dist\u00e9 sedimenty bez p\u0159\u00edsunu organick\u00e9 slo\u017eky) a\u017e po sedimenty p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b organick\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu (hodnota ztr\u00e1ty \u017e\u00edh\u00e1n\u00edm nad 40 %). St\u0159edn\u00ed hodnota souboru je cca 20 %, co\u017e je v\u00a0souladu s\u00a0poznatky z\u00a0pr\u016fzkum\u016f sediment\u016f klasick\u00fdch rybn\u00edk\u016f v\u00a0krajin\u011b. P\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina lokalit m\u00e1 sedimenty s\u00a0pod\u00edlem organick\u00e9 slo\u017eky do 24 %, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e nej\u010dast\u011bji se jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0rozmez\u00ed 12\u201324 % (cca 35\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f), n\u00e1sledovan\u00e9 o\u00a0n\u011bco m\u00e9n\u011b \u010detnou skupinou 0\u201312 % (cca 30 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f)\u00a0\u2013 viz <em>obr. 7<\/em>. Z\u00a0uveden\u00e9ho vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee potenci\u00e1l vyu\u017eit\u00ed biologick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f je pom\u011brn\u011b velk\u00fd, a\u00a0to zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b lokalit, kde je opad list\u00ed a\u00a0rozklad star\u00e9 biomasy vodn\u00edch a\u00a0mok\u0159adn\u00edch rostlin rostouc\u00edch ve vodn\u00edm prvku velk\u00fd. T\u00fdk\u00e1 se i\u00a0v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch dvou skupin sediment\u016f.<\/p>\n<h3>Praktick\u00e1 zku\u0161ebn\u00ed aplikace biologick\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edpravku do vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f v\u00a0Libochovic\u00edch<\/h3>\n<p>B\u011bhem aplikace p\u0159\u00edpravku do vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f v\u00a0zahrad\u011b libochovick\u00e9ho z\u00e1mku nebyly v\u00fdsledky tak jasn\u00e9, jak je dokumentov\u00e1no v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b poloprovozn\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed. Pozitivn\u00ed dopad aplikace biologick\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edpravku na z\u00e1kal vody, organick\u00e9 suspendovan\u00e9 pevn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky a\u00a0koncentraci biomasy \u0159as (chlorofyl-a) byl vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pouze v\u00a0letn\u00edm nejteplej\u0161\u00edm obdob\u00ed sezony (<em>obr. 8<\/em>).<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-8.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-7628];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"823\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7561 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-8.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-8.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-8-292x300.jpg 292w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-8-768x790.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/823;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr. 8. Koncentrace chlorofylu-a\u00a0v\u00a0libochovick\u00fdch vodn\u00edch prvc\u00edch b\u011bhem vegeta\u010dn\u00ed (n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvnick\u00e9) sezony 2017 (bez aplikace biologick\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edpravku) a\u00a0sezony 2018 (s\u00a0aplikac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravku)<br \/>\nFig. 8. Concentration of chlorophyll-a\u00a0in the Libochovice water elements during the vegetation (visitor) seasons 2017 (without preparation adding) and 2018 (with preparation adding)<\/h6>\n<p>Sou\u010dasn\u011b je ale z\u00a0<em>obr. 9<\/em> patrn\u00e9, \u017ee v\u00a0sezon\u011b 2018 bylo oproti roku 2017, kdy p\u0159\u00edpravek nebyl aplikov\u00e1n, odli\u0161n\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed a\u00a0slo\u017een\u00ed biosestonu. D\u00edky d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravku do\u0161lo k\u00a0potla\u010den\u00ed rozvoje sinic.<\/p>\n<p>Kvalita \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ovlivn\u011bna aplikac\u00ed \u010dasem ov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch i\u00a0aktu\u00e1ln\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch postup\u016f a\u00a0kontrolou biologick\u00fdch proces\u016f. V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 postupy zahrnuj\u00ed recirkulaci vody a\u00a0filtraci, kter\u00e9 jsou v\u00edce pou\u017eiteln\u00e9 pro form\u00e1ln\u00ed vodn\u00ed prvky. Podrobnosti o\u00a0t\u011bchto \u0159e\u0161en\u00edch pro tyto form\u00e1ln\u00ed vodn\u00ed prvky jsou uvedeny nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edru\u010dce [3]. Tyto metody zahrnuj\u00ed manipulaci s\u00a0vodou, jej\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bnu nebo zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed jej\u00edho dostate\u010dn\u00e9ho pr\u016ftoku a\u00a0z\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed jej\u00edho zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. To jsou postupy, kter\u00e9 lze pou\u017e\u00edt pro form\u00e1ln\u00ed i\u00a0neform\u00e1ln\u00ed vodn\u00ed prvky. V\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech je mo\u017en\u00e9 zm\u011bnit zdroj vody v\u00a0r\u00e1mci rekonstrukce. V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b men\u0161\u00edch vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f je mo\u017en\u00e9 ovlivnit nebo omezit eutrofizaci vody, z\u00e1kal, zbarven\u00ed vody, rozvoj vodn\u00edho kv\u011btu a\u00a0nadm\u011brn\u00fd r\u016fst biomasy vl\u00e1knit\u00fdch \u0159as \u010di biofilmu pou\u017eit\u00edm chemick\u00fdch produkt\u016f pro \u00fapravu nebo dezinfekci vody, nebo ru\u010dn\u00ed \u00fadr\u017ebou, \u010di jejich kombinac\u00ed (ru\u010dn\u00ed odstran\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0odvoz odum\u0159el\u00e9 anebo o\u0161et\u0159en\u00e9 biomasy\u00a0\u2013 viz <em>obr. 10<\/em>). To je nap\u0159\u00edklad pravideln\u011b (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 \u00d7 3 t\u00fddny) prov\u00e1d\u011bno b\u011bhem letn\u00ed sezony u\u00a0vybran\u00fdch form\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u011blk\u00fdch vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f v\u00a0are\u00e1lu Hellbrunn u\u00a0Salcburku (Rakousko). Zde jsou metlami ru\u010dn\u011b uvol\u0148ov\u00e1ny dnov\u00e9 biologick\u00e9 usazeniny a\u00a0n\u00e1rosty (biofilmu) z\u00a0povrchu \u0161t\u011brkov\u00e9ho dna. Jejich odnos a\u00a0zachycen\u00ed na odtokov\u00e9m s\u00edtu je zaji\u0161t\u011bn bu\u010f pr\u016fto\u010dnost\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee, nebo proplachem hadic\u00ed.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-9.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-7628];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"1537\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7563 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-9.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-9.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-9-156x300.jpg 156w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-9-533x1024.jpg 533w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-9-768x1476.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/1537;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr. 9. Slo\u017een\u00ed biosestonu n\u00e1dr\u017ee LIB-2<br \/>\nFig. 9. Bioseston composition of the LIB-2 basin<\/h6>\n<p>Mezi nov\u00e9 postupy, jejich\u017e pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed se postupn\u011b roz\u0161i\u0159uje, pat\u0159\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed biochemie a\u00a0biotechnologi\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00fdch na aplikaci bakteri\u00e1ln\u011b-enzymatick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f, kter\u00e9 mohou p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011b ovlivnit slo\u017een\u00ed sediment\u016f a\u00a0jejich mno\u017estv\u00ed [12].<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-10.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-7628];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"640\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7565 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-10.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-10.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-10-300x240.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/Rozkosny-10-768x614.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/640;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr. 10. Ru\u010dn\u00ed \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed \u0161t\u011brkov\u00e9ho dna okrasn\u00fdch baz\u00e9n\u016f od \u0159asov\u00e9ho biofilmu (Hellbrunn, Rakousko)<br \/>\nFig. 10. Manual cleaning of gravel bottom of ornamental pools from algal biofilm (Hellbrunn, Austria)<\/h6>\n<p>Vlastnosti p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f a\u00a0jejich \u00fa\u010dinnost jsou studov\u00e1ny pomoc\u00ed mikrobiologick\u00fdch metod a\u00a0tak\u00e9 identifikace zm\u011bn v\u00a0koncentrac\u00edch indik\u00e1tor\u016f kvality vody (zejm\u00e9na obsahu \u017eivin) a\u00a0slo\u017een\u00ed biosestonu (s\u00a0ohledem na konkurenci mezi bakteriemi a\u00a0\u0159asami) [13]. Tyto zahrani\u010dn\u00ed poznatky potvrzuje i\u00a0na\u0161e proveden\u00e1 studie.<\/p>\n<h2>Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n<p>Vodn\u00ed prvky p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed v\u00fdznamnou sou\u010d\u00e1st prost\u0159ed\u00ed kulturn\u00edch pam\u00e1tek a\u00a0pam\u00e1tkov\u00fdch z\u00f3n a\u00a0rezervac\u00ed. Pro pln\u011bn\u00ed po\u017eadovan\u00fdch funkc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 mohou zahrnovat spole\u010densk\u00e9, ale i\u00a0environment\u00e1ln\u00ed funkce, je nutn\u00e9, aby byly v\u00a0odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm c\u00edlov\u00e9m stavu. Tento stav zahrnuje jak stavebn\u011b-technick\u00fd stav, tak i\u00a0kvalitativn\u00ed stav.<\/p>\n<p>Kvalita vody v\u00a0mal\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch a\u00a0rybn\u00edc\u00edch se m\u016f\u017ee m\u011bnit dv\u011bma sm\u011bry. Pozitivn\u00edm, v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b siln\u00e9ho organick\u00e9ho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtoku, kdy pomoc\u00ed samo\u010dist\u00edc\u00edch proces\u016f doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0do\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vody. Naopak negativn\u00edm sm\u011brem v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nezne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edtoku a\u00a0chovu ryb v\u00a0n\u00e1dr\u017ei [15, 16]. V\u00a0pr\u00e1ci [17] auto\u0159i identifikovali mezi hlavn\u00edmi tlaky p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edmi negativn\u011b na mal\u00e9 vodn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee vnos zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed odpadn\u00edmi vodami a\u00a0dren\u00e1\u017en\u00edmi syst\u00e9my. Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 tlaky za\u0159adili chov ryb a\u00a0ryb\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Velmi v\u00fdznamn\u011b p\u016fsob\u00ed i\u00a0sousedstv\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed se zem\u011bd\u011blsky obhospoda\u0159ovanou p\u016fdou. Tak\u00e9 v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b n\u00e1mi sledovan\u00fdch lokalit jsou tyto tlaky hlavn\u00edmi p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinami ohro\u017een\u00ed s\u00a0n\u00e1sledkem nevyhovuj\u00edc\u00edho stavu, v\u010detn\u011b nevhodn\u00e9ho estetick\u00e9ho p\u016fsoben\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm faktorem vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky pam\u00e1tkov\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch objekt\u016f, are\u00e1l\u016f a\u00a0\u00fazem\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Prezentovan\u00e9 poznatky ze studie uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee biologick\u00e9 bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed enzymatick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravky a\u00a0chemick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravky \u0161etrn\u00e9 k\u00a0\u017eivotn\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed vyu\u017eiteln\u00e9 pro sr\u00e1\u017een\u00ed fosforu, oxidaci organick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek a\u00a0k\u00a0eliminaci biomasy vl\u00e1knit\u00fdch \u0159as mohou zlep\u0161it vlastnosti vodn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed u\u00a0takov\u00fdch prvk\u016f, jako jsou men\u0161\u00ed baz\u00e9ny, okrasn\u00e9 baz\u00e9ny a\u00a0n\u00e1dr\u017ee, v\u010detn\u011b potla\u010den\u00ed v\u00fdvoje vodn\u00edho kv\u011btu. Jako ide\u00e1ln\u00ed se jev\u00ed kombinace aplikace t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f a\u00a0zejm\u00e9na zah\u00e1jen\u00ed jejich aplikace v\u010das, preventivn\u011b a\u00a0po celou sezonu. To umo\u017en\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1zet rozvoji negativn\u00edho stavu kvality vodn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Zlep\u0161en\u00ed a\/nebo udr\u017een\u00ed stabiln\u00edho stavu vodn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed b\u011bhem sezony m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm prvkem v\u00a0jejich atraktivit\u011b pro n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky.<\/p>\n<h3>Pod\u011bkov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p><em>V\u00fdsledky byly z\u00edsk\u00e1ny za finan\u010dn\u00ed podpory projektu DG16P02M032 z\u00a0v\u00fdzvy NAKI II Ministerstva kultury \u010cR \u201eNeinvazivn\u00ed a\u00a0\u0161etrn\u00e9 postupy \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed kvality prost\u0159ed\u00ed a\u00a0\u00fadr\u017eby vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f v\u00a0r\u00e1mci pam\u00e1tkov\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de\u201c.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The article is focus on the presentation of knowledge from testing of selected biochemical preparations for the treatment of the environment of water elements of historical gardens and parks and cultural monuments.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":7566,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[1845,477,1474,1475,301],"coauthors":[187,1806,188,233],"class_list":["post-7628","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-water-technology-water-supply-waste-water-treatment","tag-biological-preparation","tag-cultural-heritage","tag-historical-garden","tag-water-elements","tag-water-quality"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7628","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7628"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7628\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30565,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7628\/revisions\/30565"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7566"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7628"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7628"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7628"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=7628"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}