<\/p>\n
Dne 28. b\u0159ezna 2019 uspo\u0159\u00e1daly na Novotn\u00e9ho l\u00e1vce v\u00a0Praze spole\u010dn\u011b \u010cesk\u00e1 v\u011bdeckotechnick\u00e1 vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost a\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e1 limnologick\u00e1 spole\u010dnost diskusn\u00ed f\u00f3rum, jeho\u017e t\u00e9matem bylo \u201eHospoda\u0159en\u00ed s\u00a0vodou v\u00a0krajin\u011b\u201c. Hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem t\u00e9to akce, kter\u00e9 se z\u00fa\u010dastnilo 44 odborn\u00edk\u016f z\u00a0obou spole\u010dnost\u00ed, bylo vz\u00e1jemn\u011b diskutovat o\u00a0problematice vodn\u00edho re\u017eimu krajiny, hospoda\u0159en\u00ed se zdroji vody v\u00a0povod\u00ed a\u00a0hled\u00e1n\u00ed vhodn\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed k\u00a0omezen\u00ed n\u00e1sledk\u016f hydrologick\u00fdch extr\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n
V\u00a0dopoledn\u00edm bloku programu byly prezentov\u00e1ny \u00favodn\u00ed vystoupen\u00ed vyzvan\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f na t\u00e9ma hydrologick\u00e9 bilance povod\u00ed, vlivu stavu p\u016fdy na odtokov\u00fd re\u017eim, opat\u0159en\u00ed k\u00a0zadr\u017een\u00ed vody v\u00a0krajin\u011b, hospoda\u0159en\u00ed se zdroji vody v\u00a0povod\u00ed a\u00a0sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed rizika povodn\u00ed. V\u00a0odpoledn\u00edm diskusn\u00edm bloku pak zazn\u011blo 11 dopl\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch mikroprezentac\u00ed a\u00a0prob\u00edhala rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1, nicm\u00e9n\u011b velmi korektn\u00ed diskuse k\u00a0prob\u00edran\u00fdm okruh\u016fm. Vstupem do t\u00e9to diskuse bylo spole\u010dn\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdbor\u016f obou spole\u010dnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vyjad\u0159uje n\u00e1\u0161 spole\u010dn\u00fd z\u00e1jem na \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed ot\u00e1zek spojen\u00fdch s\u00a0hospoda\u0159en\u00edm s\u00a0vodou v\u00a0krajin\u011b a\u00a0hled\u00e1n\u00edm cest ke zm\u00edr\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed negativn\u00edch dopad\u016f sucha a\u00a0povodn\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Dopady dlouhodob\u00e9ho sucha na krajinu a\u00a0vodn\u00ed zdroje se st\u00e1le prohlubuj\u00ed. Sucho meteorologick\u00e9 v\u00a0podob\u011b nedostatku a\u00a0nerovnom\u011brn\u00e9ho rozd\u011blen\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eek doprov\u00e1z\u00ed sucho zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 a\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u011b i\u00a0sucho hydrologick\u00e9. Vodu postr\u00e1d\u00e1me v\u00a0krajin\u011b, ve vodn\u00edch toc\u00edch, mok\u0159adech, lu\u017en\u00edch les\u00edch, vodn\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch a\u00a0hlavn\u011b v\u00a0podzem\u00ed, kde je monitorov\u00e1n st\u00e1l\u00fd pokles hladin podzemn\u00edch vod. Vodn\u00ed zdroje jsou omezen\u00e9, z\u00e1soby podzemn\u00edch vod nejsou schopny pokr\u00fdt pot\u0159ebu pitn\u00e9 vody pro obyvatelstvo, a\u00a0proto je v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice napojeno 5,5\u00a0mil. obyvatel na povrchov\u00e9 vodn\u00ed zdroje \u2013 na vod\u00e1rensk\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ee.<\/p>\n
Vodohospod\u00e1\u0159i a\u00a0limnologov\u00e9 hledaj\u00ed spole\u010dnou cestu, jak na\u0161\u00ed krajin\u011b pomoci udr\u017eet na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed ni\u010d\u00edm nenahraditelnou vodu pro p\u0159\u00edrodu a\u00a0\u010dlov\u011bka a\u00a0zm\u00edrnit dopady sucha a\u00a0povodn\u00ed. Ob\u011b z\u00e1jmov\u00e9 skupiny sice napl\u0148uj\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00e9 povinnosti, maj\u00ed jin\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, c\u00edle i\u00a0zodpov\u011bdnost, ale spole\u010dn\u00fd maj\u00ed z\u00e1jem o\u00a0udr\u017een\u00ed t\u0159\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch spole\u010densk\u00fdch priorit. Je to jednak kvalitn\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed s\u00a0funk\u010dn\u00ed a\u00a0zdravou krajinou poskytuj\u00edc\u00ed produk\u010dn\u00ed, regula\u010dn\u00ed a\u00a0kulturn\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9mov\u00e9 slu\u017eby, pro co\u017e je voda nutn\u00fdm p\u0159edpokladem, jednak zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed obyvatelstva a\u00a0kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch sektor\u016f hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed kvalitn\u00ed vodou jako z\u00e1kladn\u00ed slu\u017eba v\u00a0modern\u00ed spole\u010dnosti a\u00a0kone\u010dn\u011b, na stejn\u00e9 \u00farovni, i\u00a0ochrana zdrav\u00ed a\u00a0majetku p\u0159ed negativn\u00edmi \u00fa\u010dinky hydrologick\u00fdch extr\u00e9m\u016f (povodn\u00ed a\u00a0sucha).<\/p>\n
Jsme si v\u011bdomi, \u017ee hospoda\u0159en\u00ed s\u00a0vodou v\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed zemi je z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na sr\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1ch, jako jedin\u00e9m zdroji vody. Jejich mno\u017estv\u00ed je v\u0161ak omezen\u00e9 a\u00a0m\u016f\u017ee se v\u00a0\u010dase a\u00a0prostoru v\u00fdznamn\u011b m\u011bnit. Nav\u00edc v\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011bru 70 % vody spadl\u00e9 na zem ve sr\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1ch se vrac\u00ed ve form\u011b v\u00fdparu a\u00a0transpirace rostlin. V\u00a0such\u00fdch a\u00a0hork\u00fdch letech to v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch povod\u00edch je a\u017e 90 %. Mus\u00edme b\u00fdt tedy schopni tyto omezen\u00e9 a\u00a0zraniteln\u00e9 zdroje efektivn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvat pro zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed kvality \u017eivota v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice a\u00a0zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed odolnosti v\u016f\u010di vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed nejistot\u011b. To se neobejde bez zm\u011bny p\u0159\u00edstupu!<\/p>\n
Proto vodohospod\u00e1\u0159i a\u00a0limnologov\u00e9 vn\u00edmaj\u00ed krajinu jako celek, kde zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 p\u016fda, lesy, rybn\u00edky, n\u00e1dr\u017ee, mok\u0159ady, vodn\u00ed toky a\u00a0jejich nivy, ale i\u00a0z\u00e1stavba a\u00a0podzemn\u00ed vody zasahuj\u00ed do vodn\u00edho kolob\u011bhu a\u00a0tento kolob\u011bh ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed. Spole\u010dn\u00fdm c\u00edlem nen\u00ed jen \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed d\u016fsledk\u016f \u2013 dopad\u016f sucha, ale i\u00a0podpora kolob\u011bhu vody od prvn\u00ed kapky, kter\u00e1 spadne na zem, a\u017e po vyu\u017eit\u00ed odt\u00e9kaj\u00edc\u00ed vody syst\u00e9mem vodn\u00edch tok\u016f.<\/p>\n
Kolob\u011bh vody je \u010dlov\u011bkem negativn\u011b ovlivn\u011bn, co\u017e spolu se zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edmi se teplotami, extr\u00e9mn\u00edm n\u00e1r\u016fstem po\u010dtu tropick\u00fdch dn\u016f i\u00a0noc\u00ed vede k\u00a0vysok\u00fdm ztr\u00e1t\u00e1m vody z\u00a0cel\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed. N\u00e1pravu je t\u0159eba hledat na po\u010d\u00e1tku tohoto kolob\u011bhu, v\u00a0p\u016fd\u011b, kde za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 cesta vody po ka\u017ed\u00e9m de\u0161ti. Necitliv\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem zm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e1 krajina a\u00a0\u0161patnou zem\u011bd\u011blskou prax\u00ed utu\u017een\u00e1 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 p\u016fda nejsou schopny vodn\u00ed vl\u00e1hu udr\u017eet, umo\u017enit infiltraci povrchov\u00e9 vody do podzem\u00ed, br\u00e1nit povrchov\u00e9mu odtoku a\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 erozn\u00ed \u010dinnosti. Ta umoc\u0148uje vyplavov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivin, odplavov\u00e1n\u00ed organick\u00e9 hmoty a\u00a0ze zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 \u00farodn\u00e9 p\u016fdy se st\u00e1v\u00e1 horninov\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed s\u00a0nepropustn\u00fdm izol\u00e1torem utu\u017een\u00e9 zeminy v\u00a0hloubce pod \u00farovn\u00ed orby. D\u016fsledkem je zhor\u0161en\u00e9 dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1sob podzemn\u00edch vod, negativn\u011b ovlivn\u011bn\u00fd mal\u00fd vodn\u00ed cyklus a\u00a0mikroklima v\u00a0krajin\u011b, zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se teploty ve voln\u00e9 krajin\u011b a\u00a0sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed kvality povrchov\u00fdch vod v\u00a0s\u00edti vodn\u00edch tok\u016f a\u00a0n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch.<\/p>\n
Spole\u010dn\u00fdm z\u00e1jmem vodohospod\u00e1\u0159\u016f a\u00a0limnolog\u016f je pozitivn\u00ed ovlivn\u011bn\u00ed kolob\u011bhu vody v\u010detn\u011b jej\u00ed ochrany ve v\u0161ech \u010d\u00e1stech vodn\u00edho cyklu, ale rovn\u011b\u017e ochrany p\u0159ed negativn\u00edmi \u00fa\u010dinky vodn\u00edho \u017eivlu. Toho je t\u0159eba dos\u00e1hnout opat\u0159en\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b bl\u00edzk\u00fdmi i\u00a0technick\u00fdmi, kter\u00e1 se budou vz\u00e1jemn\u011b dopl\u0148ovat.<\/p>\n
Spole\u010dn\u011b vyz\u00fdv\u00e1me \u010deskou spole\u010dnost k\u00a0nov\u00e9mu pohledu a\u00a0podpo\u0159e p\u0159i zadr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed vody v\u00a0krajin\u011b a\u00a0p\u0159i ochran\u011b p\u0159ed jej\u00edmi extr\u00e9my, kde prioritou mus\u00ed b\u00fdt:<\/p>\n
V\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fd syst\u00e9m bude zohled\u0148ovat z\u00e1kladn\u00ed c\u00edle rozd\u011blen\u00e9 na samostatn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed:<\/p>\n
Tato opat\u0159en\u00ed spole\u010dn\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed synergick\u00fd efekt, vz\u00e1jemn\u011b si nekonkuruj\u00ed a\u00a0spole\u010dn\u011b zm\u00edr\u0148uj\u00ed dopady zm\u011bny klimatu na na\u0161e \u00fazem\u00ed. Syst\u00e9m je nezbytn\u00e9 doplnit o\u00a0doprovodn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed ke zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed dopad\u016f zejm\u00e9na na biotu v\u00fdstavbou p\u0159edn\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed, litor\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u00e1sem, zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed zm\u00edr\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed u\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch staveb a\u00a0doprovodn\u00e1 kompenza\u010dn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed v\u00a0navazuj\u00edc\u00edch vodn\u00edch \u00fatvarech.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
V\u00a0Praze 28. b\u0159ezna 2019<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Dne 28. b\u0159ezna 2019 uspo\u0159\u00e1daly na Novotn\u00e9ho l\u00e1vce v Praze spole\u010dn\u011b \u010cesk\u00e1 v\u011bdeckotechnick\u00e1 vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 spole\u010dnost a \u010cesk\u00e1 limnologick\u00e1 spole\u010dnost diskusn\u00ed f\u00f3rum, jeho\u017e t\u00e9matem bylo \u201eHospoda\u0159en\u00ed s vodou v krajin\u011b\u201c. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":5254,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[1610,284,1609,41,75],"coauthors":[1589,1590],"class_list":["post-6540","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-from-the-world-of-water-management","tag-cls","tag-cvtvhs","tag-forum","tag-hydrologicka-bilance","tag-voda"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6540","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6540"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6540\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30516,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6540\/revisions\/30516"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5254"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6540"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6540"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6540"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=6540"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}