{"id":6267,"date":"2019-04-11T09:43:48","date_gmt":"2019-04-11T08:43:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/?p=6267"},"modified":"2024-07-16T15:14:18","modified_gmt":"2024-07-16T14:14:18","slug":"spolecny-pruzkum-dunaje-4-nejvetsi-mezinarodni-ricni-expedice-roku-2019-se-blizi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/2019\/04\/spolecny-pruzkum-dunaje-4-nejvetsi-mezinarodni-ricni-expedice-roku-2019-se-blizi\/","title":{"rendered":"The Danube Joint Exploration 4 \u2013 the largest international river expedition of 2019 is approaching"},"content":{"rendered":"

This article is available in Czech only. For translation or more information on this topic, please contact author.<\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

V\u00a0\u010dervnu 2019 bude na Den Dunaje zah\u00e1jena nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed expedice roku\u00a0\u2013 Spole\u010dn\u00fd pr\u016fzkum Dunaje 4 (Joint Danube Survey 4, JDS4) ve 13\u00a0zem\u00edch v\u00a0povod\u00ed Dunaje v\u010detn\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky.<\/p>\n

Hlavn\u00edm \u00fa\u010delem spole\u010dn\u00fdch pr\u016fzkum\u016f Dunaje je zajistit spolehliv\u00e9 a\u00a0vz\u00e1jemn\u011b porovnateln\u00e9 informace o\u00a0vybran\u00fdch ukazatel\u00edch kvality vody a\u00a0stavu ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f \u0159eky Dunaje v\u010detn\u011b jeho hlavn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edtok\u016f v\u00a0kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m \u010dasov\u00e9m obdob\u00ed. T\u0159i spole\u010dn\u00e9 dunajsk\u00e9 pr\u016fzkumy se ji\u017e uskute\u010dnily v\u00a0letech 2001, 2007 a\u00a02013. Vlastn\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011bh JDS koordinuje sekretari\u00e1t Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed komise pro\u00a0ochranu Dunaje (MKOD). V\u00a0roce 2007 obdr\u017eela komise ocen\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0australsk\u00e9m Brisbane za\u00a0nejlep\u0161\u00ed management povod\u00ed: 2007 Thiess International Riverprize.<\/p>\n\"\"<\/a>\n

Obr.\u00a01. Spole\u010dn\u00fd pr\u016fzkum Dunaje 2 byl nejrozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed expedic\u00ed ze v\u0161ech t\u0159\u00ed realizovan\u00fdch pr\u016fzkum\u016f Dunaje; v\u00fdzkumn\u00e1 plavidla byla vyu\u017eita v\u00a0JDS1, 2 a\u00a03<\/h6>\n

Spolupr\u00e1ce p\u0159i ochran\u011b povod\u00ed \u0159eky Dunaje p\u0159edstavuje jednu z\u00a0nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch aktivit v\u00a0ochran\u011b vod. Spolupr\u00e1ce byla zah\u00e1jena v\u00a0osmdes\u00e1t\u00fdch letech formou Deklarace<\/em> podepsan\u00e9 v\u00a0Bukure\u0161ti, ale t\u00fdkala se pouze \u0159eky Dunaje. Na podn\u011bt Evropsk\u00fdch spole\u010denstv\u00ed zah\u00e1jil v\u00a0roce 1992 \u010dinnost Environment\u00e1ln\u00ed program Dunaje<\/em> podporovan\u00fd z\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch zdroj\u016f, kter\u00fd zahrnoval cel\u00e9 povod\u00ed Dunaje v\u010detn\u011b jeho p\u0159\u00edtok\u016f, a\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u011b byla zah\u00e1jena p\u0159\u00edprava dokumentu \u00damluva o\u00a0spolupr\u00e1ci pro ochranu a\u00a0\u00fanosn\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed Dunaje<\/em> (1998). Pro napl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed c\u00edl\u016f \u00damluvy byla zalo\u017eena\u00a0Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed komise pro\u00a0ochranu Dunaje (MKOD), viz www.icpdr.org\/main\/, kter\u00e1 se zav\u00e1zala k\u00a0pln\u011bn\u00ed \u00fakol\u016f souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s\u00a0implementac\u00ed sm\u011brnice 2000\/60\/ES, ustavuj\u00edc\u00ed r\u00e1mec pro \u010dinnost Spole\u010denstv\u00ed v\u00a0oblasti vodn\u00ed politiky<\/em> (RS o\u00a0vod\u011b) v\u00a0cel\u00e9m povod\u00ed Dunaje.<\/p>\n

Monitoring jakosti vody byl zah\u00e1jen v\u00a0roce 1992 a\u00a0nav\u00e1zal na historick\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed. Byla zalo\u017eena monitorovac\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 v\u00a0cel\u00e9m povod\u00ed nazvan\u00e1 Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed monitorovac\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 povod\u00ed Dunaje<\/em> (TransNational Monitoring Network, TNMN). Od roku 1996 jsou v\u00fdsledky pravideln\u011b publikov\u00e1ny v\u00a0ro\u010denk\u00e1ch jakosti (TNMN Yearbooks) na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch MKOD (viz\u00a0www.icpdr.org\/main\/publications\/tnmn-yearbooks) a\u00a0jejich c\u00edlem je poskytnout vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fd pohled na stav zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vod a\u00a0dlouhodob\u00e9 trendy v\u00a0kvalit\u011b v\u010detn\u011b stanoven\u00ed m\u00edry zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch \u0159ek v\u00a0povod\u00ed Dunaje. Data do datab\u00e1ze TNMN jsou poskytov\u00e1na smluvn\u00edmi stranami MKOD a\u00a0rozsah monitoringu je ovlivn\u011bn\u2028mo\u017enostmi \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed a\u00a0jejich laboratorn\u00edm vybaven\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Vedle hlavn\u00edho \u00fa\u010delu spole\u010dn\u00fdch pr\u016fzkum\u016f Dunaje, kter\u00fdm je vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed spolehliv\u00fdch a\u00a0vz\u00e1jemn\u011b porovnateln\u00fdch dat o\u00a0kvalit\u011b vody v\u00a0povod\u00ed v\u00a0rozsahu odli\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edm se od dat v\u00a0TNMN datab\u00e1zi, umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed vz\u00e1jemnou \u00fazkou spoluprac\u00ed mezi t\u00fdmy a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm harmonizovat n\u00e1rodn\u00ed monitorovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupy a\u00a0postupy v\u00a0souladu s\u00a0RS o\u00a0vod\u011b. JDS napom\u00e1h\u00e1 vl\u00e1d\u00e1m zem\u00ed v\u00a0povod\u00ed Dunaje implementovat \u00damluvu o\u00a0spolupr\u00e1ci pro ochranu a\u00a0\u00fanosn\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed Dunaje a\u00a0napl\u0148ovat po\u017eadavky RS o\u00a0vod\u011b. Z\u00e1v\u011bry JDS umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed rozhodovat o\u00a0opat\u0159en\u00edch v\u00a0oblasti \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Expedice JDS jsou p\u0159\u00edkladem efektivn\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce v\u0161ech podunajsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed, po\u010d\u00ednaje N\u011bmeckem a\u00a0kon\u010de Rumunskem, zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed jak \u010dlensk\u00e9, tak i\u00a0ne\u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty Evropsk\u00e9 unie.<\/p>\n\"\"<\/a>\n

Obr.\u00a02. Profil Morava-Lan\u017ehot byl sledov\u00e1n v\u00a0r\u00e1mci JDS2 a\u00a0byl tak\u00e9 za\u0159azen mezi lokality, kde bude prob\u00edhat pr\u016fzkum v\u00a0r\u00e1mci JDS4<\/h6>\n

Ve \u010dtvrt\u00e9m spole\u010dn\u00e9m pr\u016fzkumu Dunaje (JDS4) doch\u00e1z\u00ed oproti p\u0159edchoz\u00edm spole\u010dn\u00fdm pr\u016fzkum\u016fm ke zm\u011bn\u011b konceptu. Nebude vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1no hlavn\u00ed pr\u016fzkumn\u00e9 plavidlo Argus (obr.\u00a01<\/em>) v\u010detn\u011b dal\u0161\u00edch dvou doprovodn\u00fdch lod\u00ed a\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161inu vzorkovac\u00edch prac\u00ed provedou pro\u0161kolen\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed t\u00fdmy pod veden\u00edm mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho t\u00fdmu odborn\u00fdch expert\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed celou akci metodicky povedou a\u00a0ve spolupr\u00e1ci s\u00a0n\u00e1rodn\u00edmi t\u00fdmy vyhodnot\u00ed v\u00fdsledky. Vzorkov\u00e1n\u00ed bude zahrnovat \u010dty\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00e9 matrice\u00a0\u2013 povrchovou vodu, sedimenty, plaveniny a\u00a0jednotliv\u00e9 slo\u017eky bioty (fytobentos, fytoplankton, zooplankton, makrozoobentos a\u00a0ryby)\u00a0\u2013 ka\u017edou s\u00a0vlastn\u00edm seznamem parametr\u016f ke stanoven\u00ed. Speci\u00e1ln\u00ed monitoring (nap\u0159. e-DNA anal\u00fdzy \u010di\u00a0mikrobiologick\u00fd monitoring) provedou speci\u00e1ln\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed t\u00fdmy. Do JDS4 budou znovu zahrnuty krom\u011b Dunaje i\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edtoky Dunaje shodn\u011b jako b\u011bhem JDS2. Spole\u010dn\u00fd pr\u016fzkum Dunaje 4 si vyty\u010dil tyto n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed t\u0159i hlavn\u00ed c\u00edle:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. z\u00edskat data pro ukazatele, kter\u00e9 obvykle nejsou monitorov\u00e1ny a\u00a0analyzov\u00e1ny v\u00a0programech monitoringu;<\/li>\n
  2. shrom\u00e1\u017edit informace o\u00a0environment\u00e1ln\u00edch prom\u011bnn\u00fdch a\u00a0vodn\u00edch organismech ve\u00a0form\u00e1tu, kter\u00fd je snadno porovnateln\u00fd mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi regiony a\u00a0zem\u011bmi;<\/li>\n
  3. zv\u00fd\u0161it ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 pov\u011bdom\u00ed o\u00a0stavu a\u00a0kvalit\u011b podunajsk\u00fdch vod a\u00a0o\u00a0pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00edm \u00fasil\u00ed v\u00a0ochran\u011b a\u00a0obnov\u011b \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    V\u00fdsledky JDS4 podpo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravu 3. mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch pl\u00e1n\u016f povod\u00ed Dunaje (2021), screening roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed invazn\u00edch nep\u016fvodn\u00edch druh\u016f, harmonizaci vzorkovac\u00edch metod biologick\u00fdch slo\u017eek kvality pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch podunajsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch, identifikaci specifick\u00fdch zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch a\u00a0emergentn\u00edch l\u00e1tek v\u00a0povod\u00ed Dunaje, pr\u016fzkum kvality sediment\u016f, hydromorfologick\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed, screen-\u2028ing kvality po\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch podzemn\u00edch vod, testov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch metod (nap\u0159.\u00a0vyu\u017eit\u00ed e-DNA anal\u00fdz vody a\u00a0DNA anal\u00fdzy vzork\u016f bioty, vzorkov\u00e1n\u00ed mikroplast\u016f v\u00a0povrchov\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch a\u00a0jejich anal\u00fdza), specifick\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumy (zooplankton, mikrobi\u00e1ln\u00ed anal\u00fdzy, izotopy, ekotoxikologie aj.). Z\u00edskan\u00e1 data umo\u017en\u00ed tak\u00e9 zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 porovn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdvoje kvality a\u00a0stavu vod a\u00a0jejich spole\u010denstev v\u00a0dlouhodob\u00e9m horizontu.<\/p>\n\"\"<\/a>\n

    Obr.\u00a03. Profil Dyje-Pohansko<\/h6>\n

    \u00da\u010dast a\u00a0koordinaci prac\u00ed na n\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00farovni zaji\u0161\u0165uje Odbor ochrany vod Ministerstva \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm n\u00e1rodn\u00edho koordin\u00e1tora a\u00a0pracovn\u00edk\u016f V\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho \u00fastavu vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho T. G. Masaryka, v. v. i. Pr\u016fzkum bude na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bn na dvou \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch profilech, Morava-Lan\u017ehot a\u00a0Dyje-Pohansko (obr. 2<\/em> a\u00a03<\/em>), v\u00a0m\u00edstech, kde hlavn\u00ed moravsk\u00e9 \u0159eky opou\u0161t\u00ed \u010cR.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    V \u010dervnu 2019 bude na Den Dunaje zah\u00e1jena nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed expedice roku \u2013 Spole\u010dn\u00fd pr\u016fzkum Dunaje 4 (Joint Danube Survey 4, JDS4) ve 13 zem\u00edch v povod\u00ed Dunaje v\u010detn\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":6201,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[226,1553,1552],"coauthors":[173,188,1539],"class_list":["post-6267","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-from-the-world-of-water-management","tag-dunaj","tag-ricni-expedice","tag-spolecny-pruzkum"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6267","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6267"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6267\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30504,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6267\/revisions\/30504"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6201"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6267"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6267"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6267"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=6267"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}