{"id":5932,"date":"2019-02-12T12:16:38","date_gmt":"2019-02-12T11:16:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/?p=5932"},"modified":"2024-07-16T14:51:40","modified_gmt":"2024-07-16T13:51:40","slug":"rybniky-jako-predmet-vedeckeho-vyzkumu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/2019\/02\/rybniky-jako-predmet-vedeckeho-vyzkumu\/","title":{"rendered":"Ponds as a subject of scientific research"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4>This article is available in Czech only. For translation or more information on this topic, please contact author.<\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Rybn\u00edky utv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed charakter krajiny na mnoha m\u00edstech v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice, v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch oblastech jsou dokonce dominuj\u00edc\u00edm krajinn\u00fdm prvkem. Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sou\u010dasnou rybn\u00edk\u00e1\u0159skou oblast\u00ed je bezpochyby T\u0159ebo\u0148sko, najdeme u\u00a0n\u00e1s ale i\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 soustavy. Zm\u00ednit lze nap\u0159\u00edklad soustavy Blatenskou, Hlubockou nebo Tova\u010dovskou, Lednick\u00e9 rybn\u00edky, Ro\u017e\u010falovick\u00e9 rybn\u00edky \u010di M\u00e1chovo jezero spolu s\u00a0rybn\u00edky v\u00a0jeho okol\u00ed. Prvn\u00ed rybn\u00edky se na \u00fazem\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e9 \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky objevuj\u00ed ji\u017e od 10. stolet\u00ed. V\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu stalet\u00ed proch\u00e1zelo mno\u017estv\u00ed rybn\u00edk\u016f na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed dramatick\u00fdmi zm\u011bnami, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e konjunktura rybn\u00edk\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed se odehr\u00e1la v\u00a015. a\u00a016. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-1.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-5932];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"356\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5883 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-1-300x134.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-1-768x342.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/356;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr. 1. Severn\u011b od obce L\u00edskovice (okr. Ji\u010d\u00edn) se v\u00a0minulosti nach\u00e1zel rybn\u00edk, kter\u00fd je zachycen je\u0161t\u011b na map\u011b 3. rakousk\u00e9ho vojensk\u00e9ho mapov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h6>\n<p>Ji\u017e v\u00a0minulosti bylo rybn\u00edk\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011btem z\u00e1jmu odborn\u00edk\u016f, jeliko\u017e se jednalo o\u00a0n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 odv\u011btv\u00ed vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed vysokou m\u00edru znalost\u00ed a\u00a0zku\u0161enost\u00ed. Prvn\u00edm odborn\u00fdm spisem, kter\u00fd byl z\u00e1sadn\u00ed nejen pro rybn\u00edk\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed, byl spis olomouck\u00e9ho biskupa Jana Dubravia (1486\u20131553) De piscinis (O\u00a0rybn\u00edc\u00edch) vydan\u00fd v\u00a0latin\u011b v\u00a0roce 1547 (\u010desk\u00fd p\u0159eklad Ane\u017eky Schmidtov\u00e9 vyd\u00e1n v\u00a0roce 1953\u00a0[1]). Dal\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1mou osobnost\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se zab\u00fdvala rybn\u00edk\u00e1\u0159stv\u00edm, byl Josef \u0160usta (1835\u20131914) p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b na T\u0159ebo\u0148sku. Zab\u00fdval se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm chovem kapra, ale v\u011bnoval se i\u00a0historii rybn\u00edk\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Jeho nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm d\u00edlem je kniha V\u00fd\u017eiva kapra a\u00a0jeho dru\u017einy rybni\u010dn\u00e9: nov\u00e9 z\u00e1klady rybochovu rybni\u010dn\u00e9ho [2]. Ob\u011b uveden\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed d\u00edla jsou zam\u011b\u0159ena na chov kapra zejm\u00e9na s\u00a0ohledem na produk\u010dn\u00ed mo\u017enosti. Je to pochopiteln\u00e9, nebo\u0165 po stalet\u00ed byla funkce rybn\u00edk\u016f a\u00a0rybni\u010dn\u00edho hospoda\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm produk\u010dn\u00ed. V\u00fdznamn\u00fdm krokem s\u00a0ohledem na tento sm\u011br v\u00fdzkumu bylo z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed V\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho \u00fastavu ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho a\u00a0hydrobiologick\u00e9ho v\u00a0roce 1920, jeliko\u017e t\u00edmto byl v\u00fdzkum v\u00a0oblasti rybn\u00edk\u016f a\u00a0rybn\u00edk\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed institucionalizov\u00e1n. Do sou\u010dasnosti byla publikov\u00e1na dlouh\u00e1 \u0159ada prac\u00ed prezentuj\u00edc\u00edch v\u00fdsledky takov\u00e9hoto v\u00fdzkumu.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-2.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-5932];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"604\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5885 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-2.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-2-300x227.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-2-768x580.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/604;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr. 2. Jihov\u00fdchodn\u011b od obce Syrovice (okr. T\u0159eb\u00ed\u010d) se na soutoku Ctidru\u017eick\u00e9ho a\u00a0Spetick\u00e9ho potoka nach\u00e1zel rybn\u00edk, kter\u00fd je naposledy zakreslen na map\u011b 2. rakousk\u00e9ho vojensk\u00e9ho mapov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0na map\u011b 3. rakousk\u00e9ho vojensk\u00e9ho mapov\u00e1n\u00ed ji\u017e zobrazen nen\u00ed. Jeho hr\u00e1z je v\u0161ak v\u00a0ter\u00e9nu st\u00e1le dob\u0159e patrn\u00e1<\/h6>\n<p>Datab\u00e1ze CEP (Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed Evidence Projekt\u016f) obsahuje z\u00e1znamy o\u00a0celkem 28\u00a0projektech, kter\u00e9 ve sv\u00e9m n\u00e1zvu obsahuj\u00ed ko\u0159en slova \u201erybn\u201c (rybn\u00edk, rybni\u010dn\u00ed atp.). Nejstar\u0161\u00ed z\u00a0t\u011bchto projekt\u016f byly \u0159e\u0161eny na po\u010d\u00e1tku devades\u00e1t\u00fdch let (datab\u00e1ze obsahuje \u00fadaje od roku 1994 v\u010detn\u011b projekt\u016f v\u00a0tomto roce ji\u017e b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00edch). Spektrum zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed projekt\u016f je velmi \u0161irok\u00e9, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e projekty orientovan\u00e9 na chov ryb jako takov\u00fd jsou zastoupeny omezenou m\u011brou. V\u00fdzkum byl d\u00e1le v\u011bnov\u00e1n sediment\u016fm, biodiverzit\u011b, ekologii rybn\u00edk\u016f a\u00a0jejich okol\u00ed \u010di \u017eivin\u00e1m.<\/p>\n<p>Pracovi\u0161t\u011b Katedry hydromeliorac\u00ed a\u00a0krajinn\u00e9ho in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed (\u010cesk\u00e9 vysok\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed technick\u00e9 v\u00a0Praze, Fakulta stavebn\u00ed) se v\u00a0posledn\u00ed dob\u011b pod\u00edlelo nebo pod\u00edl\u00ed na \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed t\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch projekt\u016f zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch na rybn\u00edky. Spole\u010dn\u00fdm jmenovatelem v\u0161ech t\u011bchto t\u0159\u00ed projekt\u016f je pohled do historie rybn\u00edk\u016f, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed jeden z\u00a0nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch krajinn\u00fdch prvk\u016f na mnoha m\u00edstech na\u0161\u00ed republiky. Nejstar\u0161\u00ed z\u00a0t\u011bchto projekt\u016f QJ1220233 s\u00a0titulem \u201eHodnocen\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed na b\u00fdval\u00fdch rybni\u010dn\u00edch soustav\u00e1ch (vodn\u00edch ploch\u00e1ch) s\u00a0c\u00edlem pos\u00edlen\u00ed udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho hospoda\u0159en\u00ed s\u00a0vodn\u00edmi a\u00a0p\u016fdn\u00edmi zdroji v\u00a0\u010cR\u201c byl \u0159e\u0161en v\u00a0r\u00e1mci programu NAZV KUS v\u00a0obdob\u00ed 2012\u20132015 pod veden\u00edm t\u00fdmu z\u00a0Univerzity Palack\u00e9ho v\u00a0Olomouci za \u00fa\u010dasti t\u00fdmu z\u00a0\u010cVUT, V\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho \u00fastavu vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho T.\u00a0G.\u00a0Masaryka, v. v. i., a\u00a0spole\u010dnosti Ecological Consulting, a. s. Tento projekt p\u0159inesl \u0159adu zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f. Za v\u0161echny, kter\u00fdch je celkem 75, lze jmenovat knihy \u201eHistorick\u00e9 rybn\u00edky \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky: srovn\u00e1n\u00ed sou\u010dasnosti se stavem\u00a0v\u00a02.\u00a0polovin\u011b 19. stolet\u00ed\u201c [3] a\u00a0\u201eZanikl\u00e9 rybn\u00edky v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice \u2013 p\u0159\u00edpadov\u00e9 studie potenci\u00e1ln\u00edho vyu\u017eit\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed\u201c [4] nebo mapu s\u00a0n\u00e1zvem \u201eSou\u010dasn\u00fd stav historick\u00fdch rybn\u00edk\u016f na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky\u201c [5].<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-3.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-5932];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"762\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5887 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-3.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-3-300x286.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-3-768x732.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/762;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr. 3. Ro\u017emberk nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed se u\u00a0T\u0159ebon\u011b (okr. Jind\u0159ich\u016fv Hradec) je s\u00a0rozlohou 489\u2008ha na\u0161\u00edm nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm rybn\u00edkem; postaven byl Jakubem Kr\u010d\u00ednem z\u00a0Jel\u010dan a\u00a0Sedl\u010dan v\u00a0letech 1584 a\u017e 1590<\/h6>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed projekt, \u0159e\u0161en\u00fd na pracovi\u0161ti Katedry hydromeliorac\u00ed a\u00a0krajinn\u00e9ho in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed, spad\u00e1 tak\u00e9 do programu NAZV KUS a\u00a0nese n\u00e1zev \u201eObnova a\u00a0v\u00fdstavba rybn\u00edk\u016f v\u00a0lesn\u00edch porostech jako sou\u010d\u00e1st udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho hospoda\u0159en\u00ed s\u00a0vodn\u00edmi zdroji v\u00a0\u010cR\u201c (QJ1620395). Byl \u0159e\u0161en od roku 2016 do roku 2018 pod veden\u00edm t\u00fdmu z\u00a0\u010cVUT za \u00fa\u010dasti t\u00fdm\u016f z\u00a0Univerzity Palack\u00e9ho v\u00a0Olomouci a\u00a0V\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho \u00fastavu Silva Taroucy pro krajinu a\u00a0okrasn\u00e9 zahradnictv\u00ed a\u00a0spole\u010dnosti Rovina,\u00a0a.\u00a0s. Za v\u0161echny v\u00fdsledky stoj\u00ed za zm\u00ednku p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm softwarov\u00fd n\u00e1stroj pro morfologick\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed profil\u016f pro v\u00fdstavbu mal\u00fdch vodn\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje hodnocen\u00ed d\u00e1vek profil\u016f s\u00a0ohledem na v\u00fdb\u011br t\u011bch nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch [6], nebo mapy zanikl\u00fdch a\u00a0existuj\u00edc\u00edch vodn\u00edch ploch ve t\u0159ech povod\u00edch (Opava, Jevi\u0161ovka, Byst\u0159ice), kter\u00e9 zahrnuj\u00ed i\u00a0informaci z\u00edskanou z\u00a0anal\u00fdz map 1. rakousk\u00e9ho vojensk\u00e9ho mapov\u00e1n\u00ed. Uveden\u00e9 jsou v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm t\u00edm, \u017ee prezentuj\u00ed i\u00a0rozsah z\u00e1topy rybn\u00edk\u016f zanikl\u00fdch p\u0159ed obdob\u00edm 2. rakousk\u00e9ho vojensk\u00e9ho mapov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fd je v\u00fdsledkem pom\u011brn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 manu\u00e1ln\u00ed digitalizace zalo\u017een\u00e9 na podrobn\u00e9 anal\u00fdze jak historick\u00fdch, tak sou\u010dasn\u00fdch mapov\u00fdch podklad\u016f.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-4.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-5932];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"598\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5889 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-4.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-4-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-4-768x574.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/598;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr. 4. Nesyt nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed se v\u00a0NPR Lednick\u00e9 rybn\u00edky mezi obcemi Sedlec a\u00a0Hlohovec (okr. B\u0159eclav) je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm rybn\u00edkem na ji\u017en\u00ed Morav\u011b a\u00a0postaven byl ji\u017e v\u00a016. stolet\u00ed<\/h6>\n<p>Dosud posledn\u00edm projektem, kter\u00fd pracovi\u0161t\u011b Katedry hydromeliorac\u00ed a\u00a0krajinn\u00e9ho in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed, \u0159e\u0161\u00ed, je projekt DG16P02M036 \u201e\u00dadr\u017eba, opravy a\u00a0monitoring hr\u00e1z\u00ed historick\u00fdch rybn\u00edk\u016f jako na\u0161eho kulturn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed\u201c, kter\u00fd je v\u00a0r\u00e1mci programu NAKI II pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n a\u017e do roku 2020. Projekt je zam\u011b\u0159en p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na hr\u00e1ze historick\u00fdch rybn\u00edk\u016f, ale p\u0159edm\u011btem v\u00fdzkumu je i\u00a0v\u00fdskyt rybn\u00edk\u016f ve vybran\u00fdch oblastech v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch historick\u00fdch obdob\u00edch a\u00a0jejich mapov\u00e1n\u00ed zejm\u00e9na z\u00a0pohledu stavu jejich hr\u00e1z\u00ed. S\u00a0ohledem na to, \u017ee projekt je st\u00e1le ve f\u00e1zi \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, nejsou nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed napl\u00e1novan\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky dosud publikov\u00e1ny. Za ty dosud realizovan\u00e9 stoj\u00ed za zm\u00ednku p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed objekt pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed technologie st\u0159\u00edkan\u00e9ho bentonitu pro pot\u0159eby zat\u011bs\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed hr\u00e1z\u00ed historick\u00fdch rybn\u00edk\u016f [7]. Na tomto objektu ji\u017e prob\u00edhaj\u00ed experimenty, kter\u00e9 prok\u00e1zaly \u00fa\u010dinek t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem realizovan\u00e9ho t\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-5.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-5932];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5891 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-5.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-5-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-5-768x384.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/400;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr. 5. Vav\u0159inec je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm rybn\u00edkem ve St\u0159edo\u010desk\u00e9m kraji; nach\u00e1z\u00ed se u\u00a0stejnojmenn\u00e9 obce (okr. Kutn\u00e1 Hora) na toku V\u00fdrovky, jeho rozloha \u010din\u00ed 71\u2008ha a\u00a0zalo\u017een byl ji\u017e roku 1472<\/h6>\n<p>Mezi v\u00fdsledky uveden\u00fdch projekt\u016f pat\u0159\u00ed d\u00e1le konference Rybn\u00edky, kter\u00e1 je od roku 2015 po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1na ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b. Prvn\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00edk byl po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n v\u00a0r\u00e1mci projektu QJ1220233, dal\u0161\u00ed t\u0159i ro\u010dn\u00edky pak v\u00a0r\u00e1mci projektu QJ1620395. V\u00a0roce 2019 by se konference m\u011bla uskute\u010dnit v\u00a0r\u00e1mci projektu DG16P02M036. Konference, o\u00a0kter\u00e9 se do\u010dtete na jin\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b tohoto vyd\u00e1n\u00ed, je tak dal\u0161\u00edm poj\u00edtkem mezi zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdmi\u00a0projekty. Dal\u0161\u00ed poj\u00edtko lze spat\u0159it ve vyu\u017eit\u00ed technologie UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle), pro kterou se mezi laickou ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed v\u017eil n\u00e1zev \u201edrony\u201c. Tato\u00a0modern\u00ed a\u00a0prudce se rozv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00ed technologie je nedoceniteln\u00fdm pomocn\u00edkem p\u0159i v\u00fdzkumu krajiny a\u00a0jej\u00edch prvk\u016f, mezi kter\u00fdmi rybn\u00edky zauj\u00edmaj\u00ed jedno z\u00a0nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch postaven\u00ed.<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-6.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-5932];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"604\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5893 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-6.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-6-300x227.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-6-768x580.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/604;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr. 6. Rybn\u00edk Bubnovka u\u00a0Milet\u00edna (okr. Ji\u010d\u00edn) je v\u00fdznamnou ornitologickou lokalitou; nal\u00e9zt jej m\u016f\u017eeme ji\u017e na map\u011b 1. rakousk\u00e9ho vojensk\u00e9ho mapov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h6>\n<p>Mo\u017enosti vyu\u017eit\u00ed t\u00e9to technologie jsou \u0161irok\u00e9 a\u00a0byly pops\u00e1ny v\u00a0\u0159ad\u011b publikac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou v\u00fdstupy uveden\u00fdch projekt\u016f [8\u201310]. V\u00a0prvn\u00ed f\u00e1zi byly technologie na pracovi\u0161ti Katedry hydromeliorac\u00ed a\u00a0krajinn\u00e9ho in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed aplikov\u00e1ny dodavatelsk\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, od roku 2016 v\u0161ak ji\u017e byly vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny vlastn\u00ed stroje. UAV technologie je vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na jak pro pot\u0159eby po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed leteck\u00fdch sn\u00edmk\u016f krajiny umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch pohled z\u00a0pta\u010d\u00ed perspektivy, tak pro pot\u0159ebu vytvo\u0159en\u00ed podrobn\u00fdch ortofotosn\u00edmk\u016f a\u00a0v\u00fd\u0161kopisn\u00fdch dat zpracov\u00e1van\u00fdch d\u00e1le v\u00a0prost\u0159ed\u00ed GIS. Po\u0159izovan\u00e1 data jsou d\u00e1le analyzov\u00e1na a\u00a0vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na k\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm, zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 jsou ov\u0161em i\u00a0samotn\u00e9 pohledy na krajinu, a\u00a0zejm\u00e9na na rybn\u00edky, z\u00a0v\u00fd\u0161ky. R\u00e1di bychom se proto se \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i pod\u011blili o\u00a0tyto pohledy prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm fotografi\u00ed v\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku. Na sn\u00edmc\u00edch jsou zobrazeny jak lokality, kde se rybn\u00edky nach\u00e1zely v\u00a0minulosti a\u00a0kde dnes ji\u017e neexistuj\u00ed (<em>obr. 1 <\/em>a\u00a0<em>2<\/em>), tak rybn\u00edky, kter\u00e9 se v\u00a0krajin\u011b nach\u00e1z\u00ed dodnes (<em>obr. 3\u20137<\/em>).<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-7.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-5932];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"604\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-5895 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-7.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-7-300x227.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/David-7-768x580.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/604;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr. 7. Rybn\u00edk Svat\u00fd Prokop byl vybudov\u00e1n u\u00a0\u017dd\u00e1nic na toku St\u0159ebovky v\u00a0letech 2008 a\u017e 2010 na m\u00edst\u011b, kde se historicky rybn\u00edk ji\u017e nach\u00e1zel; na map\u00e1ch 1. rakousk\u00e9ho vojensk\u00e9ho mapov\u00e1n\u00ed je je\u0161t\u011b patrn\u00fd z\u00e1kres hr\u00e1ze, na pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch map\u00e1ch ji\u017e chyb\u00ed<\/h6>\n<p>Rybn\u00edky a\u00a0jejich vliv na krajinu a\u00a0hydrologick\u00fd re\u017eim jsou v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji sklo\u0148ovan\u00fdm t\u00e9matem. Na pracovi\u0161ti Katedry hydromeliorac\u00ed a\u00a0krajinn\u00e9ho in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed bude jejich v\u00fdzkum bezpochyby prob\u00edhat i\u00a0nad\u00e1le, a\u00a0to jak v\u00a0r\u00e1mci ji\u017e studovan\u00fdch aspekt\u016f, tak v\u00a0r\u00e1mci \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch t\u00e9mat s\u00a0rybn\u00edky spojen\u00fdch. Budeme r\u00e1di, pokud se budeme o\u00a0v\u00fdsledky v\u00fdzkumu moci pod\u011blit i\u00a0na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch VTEI. Ur\u010dit\u011b se budeme tak\u00e9 sna\u017eit zp\u0159\u00edstupnit ve\u0159ejnosti sn\u00edmky rybn\u00edk\u016f z\u00a0pta\u010d\u00ed perspektivy, proto\u017ee je to mnohdy jedin\u00e1 cesta, jak je zobrazit v\u00a0cel\u00e9 jejich kr\u00e1se.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rybn\u00edky utv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed charakter krajiny na mnoha m\u00edstech v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice, v n\u011bkter\u00fdch oblastech jsou dokonce dominuj\u00edc\u00edm krajinn\u00fdm prvkem. Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sou\u010dasnou rybn\u00edk\u00e1\u0159skou oblast\u00ed je bezpochyby T\u0159ebo\u0148sko, najdeme u n\u00e1s ale i dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 soustavy. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":5890,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[1450,1504,263],"coauthors":[235],"class_list":["post-5932","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-from-the-world-of-water-management","tag-cvut","tag-rybnik","tag-rybniky"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5932","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5932"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5932\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30492,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5932\/revisions\/30492"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5890"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5932"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5932"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5932"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=5932"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}