{"id":5930,"date":"2019-02-12T12:16:32","date_gmt":"2019-02-12T11:16:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/?p=5930"},"modified":"2024-07-16T14:48:41","modified_gmt":"2024-07-16T13:48:41","slug":"informace-o-seminari-cvtvhs-aktualni-problematika-malych-vodnich-nadrzi-a-ochrannych-hrazi-na-tocich","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/2019\/02\/informace-o-seminari-cvtvhs-aktualni-problematika-malych-vodnich-nadrzi-a-ochrannych-hrazi-na-tocich\/","title":{"rendered":"Information about the \u010cVTVHS seminar"},"content":{"rendered":"

The current problems of small water reservoirs and protective dams on the streams<\/h2>\n

This article is available in Czech only. For translation or more information on this topic, please contact author.<\/h4>\n

konan\u00e9m dne 10. \u0159\u00edjna 2018 v\u00a0kongresov\u00e9m s\u00e1le \u010d. 217, s\u00eddlo \u010cSVTS, z. s., Novotn\u00e9ho l\u00e1vka 5, Praha 1.<\/p>\n\"\"<\/a>\n

Zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed semin\u00e1\u0159e<\/h2>\n

Problematika v\u00fdstavby, provozu a\u00a0oprav mal\u00fdch vodn\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed (v\u010detn\u011b such\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed) a\u00a0ochrann\u00fdch hr\u00e1z\u00ed na toc\u00edch je v\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed republice trvale aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed, a\u00a0to bez ohledu na moment\u00e1ln\u00ed hydrologick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky, tj. nejen pro\u00a0extr\u00e9mn\u00ed obdob\u00ed povodn\u00ed i\u00a0sucha\u00a0posledn\u00edch let.<\/p>\n

C\u00edlem semin\u00e1\u0159e je poskytnout v\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvc\u00edch sou\u010dasn\u00e9 \u010di ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti a\u00a0poznatky p\u0159edstavitel\u016f vybran\u00fdch spr\u00e1vc\u016f p\u0159edm\u011btn\u00fdch vodn\u00edch d\u011bl a\u00a0specializovan\u00fdch odborn\u00edk\u016f z\u00a0oboru ucelen\u00e9 informace o\u00a0v\u00fdstavb\u011b, oprav\u00e1ch a\u00a0provozu uveden\u00fdch vodn\u00edch staveb.<\/p>\n

Semin\u00e1\u0159 je ur\u010den p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 pracovn\u00edky st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy, projektanty, provozovatele mal\u00fdch vodn\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed, such\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed a\u00a0ochrann\u00fdch hr\u00e1z\u00ed na toc\u00edch, ale i\u00a0pro dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1jemce.<\/p>\n

Program semin\u00e1\u0159e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
9,30\u201310,00<\/td>\nPrezence \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f a zah\u00e1jen\u00ed, sezn\u00e1men\u00ed s\u00a0programem<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nIng. Ji\u0159\u00ed Pol\u00e1\u010dek, VODN\u00cd D\u00cdLA \u2013 TBD a. s.<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10,00\u201311,00<\/td>\n\u0160kody na ochrann\u00fdch hr\u00e1z\u00edch tok\u016f Povod\u00ed Moravy, s. p., n\u00e1sledkem \u010dinnosti bobr\u016f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nIng. Vlastimil Krej\u010d\u00ed, Povod\u00ed Moravy, s. p.<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11,00\u201312,00<\/td>\nRybn\u00edky o\u010dima hydrobiologa \u2013 funkce rybn\u00edk\u016f v\u00a0krajin\u011b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nIng. Marek Baxa, ENKI T\u0159ebo\u0148, o. p. s.<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12,00\u201313,00<\/td>\nP\u0159\u00edklady v\u00fdstavby a\u00a0oprav mal\u00fdch vodn\u00edch a\u00a0\u201esuch\u00fdch\u201c n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed Povod\u00ed Vltavy, s. p.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nIng. Martin Pol\u00e1\u010dek a\u00a0kolektiv, Povod\u00ed Vltavy, s. p.<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13,00\u201313,30<\/td>\nP\u0159est\u00e1vka<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13,30\u201314,30<\/td>\nOpravy hr\u00e1z\u00ed a\u00a0funk\u010dn\u00edch objekt\u016f historick\u00fdch mal\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed v\u00a0posledn\u00ed dob\u011b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nIng. Tom\u00e1\u0161 Pecival, VODN\u00cd D\u00cdLA \u2013 TBD a. s.<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14,30\u201315,00<\/td>\nDiskuse, z\u00e1v\u011br<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

K\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdm vystoupen\u00edm<\/h2>\n

Ing. V. Krej\u010d\u00ed se ve sv\u00e9m vystoupen\u00ed v\u011bnoval ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed \u010dinnosti bobr\u016f zejm\u00e9na na ochrann\u00fdch hr\u00e1z\u00edch pod\u00e9l \u0159ek ve spr\u00e1v\u011b Povod\u00ed Moravy, s. p. Bobr evropsk\u00fd je jako sympatick\u00e9 vodn\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159e a\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u011b siln\u011b ohro\u017een\u00fd \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00fd druh pod p\u0159\u00edsnou ochranou, av\u0161ak svou p\u0159irozenou \u010dinnost\u00ed zp\u016fsobuje na zemn\u00edch hr\u00e1z\u00edch velk\u00e9 \u0161kody. Jeho p\u0159irozen\u00e1 reprodukce je velmi vysok\u00e1, a\u00a0tak po\u010det bobr\u016f v\u00a0\u010cR, ale i\u00a0v\u00a0jin\u00fdch zem\u00edch se neust\u00e1le v\u00fdrazn\u011b zvy\u0161uje. P\u016fsoben\u00ed bobr\u016f v\u00a0rovinat\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed ji\u017en\u00ed Moravy po\u0161kodilo ochrann\u00e9 hr\u00e1ze v\u00a0povod\u00ed \u0159ek Dyje, ale i\u00a0Moravy a\u00a0jejich p\u0159\u00edtok\u016f natolik, \u017ee bez radik\u00e1ln\u00edho technick\u00e9ho opat\u0159en\u00ed hrozilo jejich protr\u017een\u00ed na\u00a0n\u011bkolika m\u00edstech. Povod\u00ed Moravy, s. p., investovalo do opat\u0159en\u00ed, zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch bezpe\u010dnost t\u011bchto hr\u00e1z\u00ed, v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu posledn\u00edch let v\u00edce ne\u017e 100\u2008mil. K\u010d. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku byly z\u00a0koruny hr\u00e1z\u00ed zar\u00e1\u017eeny ocelov\u00e9 \u0161t\u011btov\u00e9 st\u011bny do hloubky sahaj\u00edc\u00ed a\u017e na z\u00e1kladovou sp\u00e1ru. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem byly sanov\u00e1ny stovky m hr\u00e1z\u00ed zejm\u00e9na pod\u00e9l Dyje v\u00a0oblasti Star\u00e9 B\u0159eclavi. V\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech se preferuje\u00a0opev\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1vodn\u00edho svahu t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdm kamenem nebo ochrana svahu pokl\u00e1dkou pevn\u00e9ho ocelov\u00e9ho pletiva pod vrstvu zeminy. Tato vrstva sice bobra do hr\u00e1ze nepust\u00ed, ale\u00a0jedn\u00e1 se o\u00a0technick\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed velmi n\u00e1kladn\u00e1.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0posledn\u00ed dob\u011b je v\u00fdskyt bobra v\u00a0\u010cR st\u00e1le \u010detn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, a\u00a0to i\u00a0v\u00a0oblastech, kde v\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech zaznamen\u00e1n nebyl (nap\u0159. n\u011bkter\u00e9 oblasti v\u00a0povod\u00ed Vltavy, Labe aj.). \u010cesk\u00e1 legislativa ochrany p\u0159\u00edrody je v\u00a0tomto sm\u011bru pon\u011bkud zastaral\u00e1 a\u00a0je nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u010das p\u0159istoupit k\u00a0regulaci po\u010dt\u016f bobra evropsk\u00e9ho v\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed zemi d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e bude situace nezvladateln\u00e1 a\u00a0\u0161kody nevy\u010d\u00edsliteln\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Ing. M. Baxa, dopln\u011bn sv\u00fdmi kolegy Ing. M. Musilem a\u00a0Ing. Z. Benedovou, prezentoval zm\u011bny na rybn\u00edc\u00edch za posledn\u00edch 40\u00a0let o\u010dima hydrobiologa. Na p\u0159\u00edpadov\u00fdch studi\u00edch, vypracovan\u00fdch na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdsledk\u016f dlouhodob\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0v\u00fdzkum\u016f na t\u0159ebo\u0148sk\u00fdch rybn\u00edc\u00edch Rod a\u00a0Sta\u0148kovsk\u00fd, dolo\u017eil zm\u011bny kvality vody vlivem zm\u011bn v\u00a0os\u00e1dce fytoplanktonu, makrofyt a\u00a0ryb. Na rybn\u00edku Rod prob\u011bhl v\u00a0letech 2014\u20132017 ve spolupr\u00e1ci s\u00a0Ryb\u00e1\u0159stv\u00edm T\u0159ebo\u0148 a. s. pokus, kter\u00fd m\u011bl prok\u00e1zat v\u00fdznam kap\u0159\u00ed os\u00e1dky v\u00a0rybn\u00edku. V\u00a0tomto obdob\u00ed byl rybn\u00edk Rod opro\u0161t\u011bn od kapra. Kvalita vody v\u00a0rybn\u00edku se velmi zhor\u0161ila, proto\u017ee p\u0159evahu zde z\u00edskaly ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed rostlinn\u00e9 i\u00a0\u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00e9 druhy, d\u00e1le vodu devastuj\u00edc\u00ed. Nyn\u00ed se ji\u017e rybn\u00edk Rod po obnov\u011b kap\u0159\u00ed os\u00e1dky pomalu vrac\u00ed do p\u016fvodn\u00edho stavu. Hlavn\u00edm probl\u00e9mem Sta\u0148kovsk\u00e9ho rybn\u00edka je nadm\u011brn\u00e1 tvorba sirovod\u00edku ve vod\u011b v\u00a0letn\u00edm obdob\u00ed, kterou doprov\u00e1z\u00ed odpuzuj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1pach v\u00a0okol\u00ed spodn\u00ed v\u00fdpusti, kter\u00e1 je situov\u00e1na p\u0159\u00edmo v\u00a0obci Sta\u0148kov, kter\u00e1 je centrem v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 rekrea\u010dn\u00ed oblasti. Ing. Baxa detailn\u011b a\u00a0srozumiteln\u011b vysv\u011btlil d\u016fvody tvorby tohoto jevu, ke\u00a0kter\u00fdm kolektiv ENKI dosp\u011bl na z\u00e1klad\u011b rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho rozboru r\u016fzn\u00fdch vliv\u016f na p\u0159edm\u011btn\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed a\u00a0jejich zm\u011bn po roce 1989.<\/p>\n

Ing. M. Pol\u00e1\u010dek \u00favodem p\u0159ipomn\u011bl p\u0159ehled mal\u00fdch vodn\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed v\u00a0p\u00e9\u010di Povod\u00ed Vltavy, s. p., kter\u00e9 nevyhov\u011bly posudku bezpe\u010dnosti vodn\u00edch d\u011bl p\u0159i povodn\u00edch. D\u00e1le popsal sou\u010dasn\u00fd stav \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed n\u00e1pravn\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed, a\u00a0to na p\u0159\u00edkladech z\u00a0vodn\u00edch d\u011bl Kastelsk\u00fd rybn\u00edk, Lu\u017eenice, N\u011bm\u010dice u\u00a0Kdyn\u011b, Nov\u00fd Vsti\u0161sk\u00fd rybn\u00edk, Ma\u010dice a\u00a0Stra\u017ei\u0161t\u011b. Tyto mal\u00e9 vodn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee byly spravov\u00e1ny doned\u00e1vna ZVHS a\u00a0hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem opat\u0159en\u00ed na nich proveden\u00fdch bylo zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed kapacity bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch p\u0159eliv\u016f, resp. zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00ed reten\u010dn\u00edho prostoru a\u00a0oprava dal\u0161\u00edch funk\u010dn\u00edch objekt\u016f. Posledn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku byla v\u011bnov\u00e1na ned\u00e1vno dokon\u010den\u00e9 v\u00fdstavb\u011b such\u00e9 protipovod\u0148ov\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ee B\u00edlsko na B\u00edlsk\u00e9m potoce na Strakonicku nad stejnojmennou obc\u00ed. Such\u00e1 n\u00e1dr\u017e o\u00a0objemu cca 183\u2008tis. m3<\/sup> (hr\u00e1z vysok\u00e1 p\u0159es 10\u2008m a\u00a0dlouh\u00e1 200\u2008m) zajist\u00ed v\u00fdraznou transformaci povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho pr\u016ftoku Q100<\/sub>\u00a0=\u00a025\u2008m3<\/sup>.s-1<\/sup> na Q100T<\/sub> = 7,0\u2008m3<\/sup>.s-1<\/sup>. Svou velmi zaj\u00edmavou p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ku doplnil autor o\u00a0zaj\u00edmavou video dokumentaci stavby po\u0159\u00edzenou profesion\u00e1ln\u011b z\u00a0dronu.<\/p>\n

Ing. T. Pecival sezn\u00e1mil \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edky semin\u00e1\u0159e s\u00a0\u0159adou p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f oprav a\u00a0rekonstrukc\u00ed mal\u00fdch vodn\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed, na nich\u017e p\u016fsobil jako projektant nebo ve funkci autorsk\u00e9ho dozoru.<\/p>\n

Postupn\u011b prezentoval vodn\u00ed d\u00edla:<\/h3>\n