![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/ilustracni-fotografie-9.jpg\")
<\/a>\nOdborn\u00fd garant semin\u00e1\u0159e Ing. Petr Tu\u0161il, Ph.D., MBA, v\u00a0\u00favodn\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ce sezn\u00e1mil p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9 se z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi principy hodnocen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vych\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0po\u017eadavk\u016f R\u00e1mcov\u00e9 sm\u011brnice pro vodn\u00ed politiku Spole\u010denstv\u00ed 2000\/60\/ES. Hodnocen\u00ed za obdob\u00ed 2013\u20132015 vych\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0legislativn\u00edho po\u017eadavku vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky \u010d.\u00a098\/2011 Sb., v\u00a0platn\u00e9m zn\u011bn\u00ed, \u00a7 4 odst. 3, a\u00a0je metodicky shodn\u00e9 s\u00a0hodnocen\u00edm prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdm v\u00a0r\u00e1mci zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u016f povod\u00ed za obdob\u00ed 2010\u20132012. Vyhodnocen\u00ed stavu povrchov\u00fdch vod pro jednotliv\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed podniky Povod\u00ed bylo realizov\u00e1no V\u00daV TGM, v.\u00a0v.\u00a0i.<\/p>\n
V\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice bylo hodnocen\u00ed stavu realizov\u00e1no pro 1\u00a0044 \u00fatvar\u016f povrchov\u00fdch vod tekouc\u00edch a\u00a077 \u00fatvar\u016f stojat\u00fdch vod. Celkem 36,4\u00a0% \u00fatvar\u016f nedosahuje dobr\u00e9ho chemick\u00e9ho stavu. Problematick\u00fdmi parametry v\u00a0matrici voda jsou p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm polycyklick\u00e9 aromatick\u00e9 uhlovod\u00edky (PAU) a\u00a0v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch oblastech i\u00a0kovy rtu\u0165, kadmium a\u00a0nikl. V\u00a0matrici biota nevyhovuje rtu\u0165 d\u00edky velice n\u00edzk\u00e9 hodnot\u011b normy environment\u00e1ln\u00ed kvality (NEK) a\u00a0ze stejn\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu i\u00a0polybromovan\u00e9 difenylethery (PBDE). V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b hodnocen\u00ed ekologick\u00e9ho stavu\/potenci\u00e1lu je ve st\u0159edn\u00edm a\u00a0hor\u0161\u00edm stavu 86,5\u00a0% \u00fatvar\u016f v\u00a0kategorii \u0159eka a\u00a072,7\u00a0% \u00fatvar\u016f v\u00a0kategorii stojat\u00fdch vod. Na nevyhovuj\u00edc\u00edm stavu\/potenci\u00e1lu se pod\u00edl\u00ed jak biologick\u00e9 slo\u017eky (fytobentos, makrozoobentos, ryby), tak i\u00a0v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 fyzik\u00e1ln\u011b-chemick\u00e9 ukazatele (zejm\u00e9na celkov\u00fd fosfor) a\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u011b i\u00a0specifick\u00e9 zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e1tky (n\u011bkter\u00e9 pesticidy a\u00a0zejm\u00e9na jejich metabolity, bisfenol A, kyselina ethylendiamintetraoctov\u00e1 \u2013 EDTA). Pokud jde o\u00a0celkov\u00fd stav \u00fatvar\u016f povrchov\u00fdch vod v\u00a0obdob\u00ed 2013\u20132015, tak nevyhovuje 90,6\u00a0% \u00fatvar\u016f tekouc\u00edch vod a\u00a081,8\u00a0% \u00fatvar\u016f stojat\u00fdch vod. Oproti p\u0159edchoz\u00edmu hodnocen\u00e9mu t\u0159\u00edlet\u00ed (2010\u20132012) do\u0161lo k\u00a0velmi m\u00edrn\u00e9mu zlep\u0161en\u00ed v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b chemick\u00e9ho stavu a\u00a0ke zhor\u0161en\u00ed v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ekologick\u00e9ho stavu\/potenci\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n
Pot\u00e9 z\u00e1stupci jednotliv\u00fdch st\u00e1tn\u00edch podnik\u016f Povod\u00ed Moravy, Odry, Labe, Vltavy a\u00a0Oh\u0159e prezentovali podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdsledky hodnocen\u00ed na jimi spravovan\u00e9 s\u00edti vodn\u00edch tok\u016f, \u010dasto i\u00a0ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0p\u0159edchoz\u00edm hodnocen\u00fdm t\u0159\u00edlet\u00edm 2010\u20132012. P\u0159\u00ed\u010diny nedosahov\u00e1n\u00ed dobr\u00e9ho chemick\u00e9ho stavu byly vesm\u011bs identick\u00e9; nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pod\u00edl p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na prioritn\u00ed l\u00e1tky ze skupiny polycyklick\u00fdch aromatick\u00fdch uhlovod\u00edk\u016f (benzo(a)pyren a\u00a0fluoranthen). Bylo konstatov\u00e1no, \u017ee v\u00fdznamn\u00fd pod\u00edl na tomto nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9m stavu maj\u00ed velice n\u00edzk\u00e9 hodnoty NEK (\u010dasto i\u00a0pod mez stanovitelnosti p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 laboratorn\u00ed metody) a\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u011b i\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 dotace zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed z\u00a0atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 depozice, kdy i\u00a0na vodn\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch v\u00a0horsk\u00fdch oblastech (nap\u0159. v\u00a0povod\u00ed Odry) pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 ro\u010dn\u00ed koncentrace v\u00a0matrici voda jsou vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 NEK. V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b matrice biota jsou hodnoty NEK ve v\u0161ech sledovan\u00fdch profilech p\u0159ekra\u010dov\u00e1ny v\u00a0parametrech rtu\u0165 a\u00a0PBDE.<\/p>\n
Na nedosahov\u00e1n\u00ed dobr\u00e9ho ekologick\u00e9ho stavu\/potenci\u00e1lu maj\u00ed pod\u00edl p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm nutrienty celkov\u00fd fosfor a\u00a0vybran\u00e9 formy dus\u00edku, z\u00a0pesticid\u016f alachlor (zvl. v\u00a0povod\u00ed Dyje), malathion a\u00a0fenthion, z\u00a0ostatn\u00edch specifick\u00fdch zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek pak bisfenol A, AOX a\u00a0EDTA. Mgr. Petr Ferbar ze st\u00e1tn\u00edho podniku Povod\u00ed Labe prezentoval tak\u00e9 vzr\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00ed trend teploty vody v\u00a0n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch (m\u011b\u0159eno u\u00a0hr\u00e1ze) prov\u00e1zen\u00e9 zhor\u0161en\u00edm kysl\u00edkov\u00fdch pom\u011br\u016f v\u00a0n\u00e1dr\u017ei. Rozd\u00edln\u00e1 kvalita vody v\u00a0severn\u00ed a\u00a0ji\u017en\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti n\u00e1dr\u017ee Rozko\u0161 vedla ke zm\u011bn\u011b koupac\u00edho m\u00edsta, aby mohl b\u00fdt zachov\u00e1n rekrea\u010dn\u00ed potenci\u00e1l n\u00e1dr\u017ee. Problematice kvality vody v\u00a0n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch (stojat\u00e9 vody) se v\u011bnoval i\u00a0RNDr. Jind\u0159ich Duras, Ph.D., ze st\u00e1tn\u00edho podniku Povod\u00ed Vltavy. Upozornil na fosfor, kter\u00fd je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za projevy eutrofizace v\u00a0povrchov\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch. V\u00fdznamn\u00fd vnos zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed povrchov\u00fdch vod v\u00a0povod\u00ed Vltavy nutrienty poch\u00e1z\u00ed tak\u00e9 z\u00a0rybn\u00edk\u016f, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pokud doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0jejich p\u0159ehnojov\u00e1n\u00ed. Sou\u010dasn\u00fd metodick\u00fd pokyn k\u00a0hospoda\u0159en\u00ed na rybn\u00edc\u00edch je zastaral\u00fd a\u00a0m\u011bl by b\u00fdt aktualizov\u00e1n. Vedouc\u00ed vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch laborato\u0159\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00edho podniku Povod\u00ed Labe Ing. Ji\u0159\u00ed Medek informoval \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edky o\u00a0monitorovac\u00edch programech, kter\u00e9 jsou realizovan\u00e9 t\u00edmto st\u00e1tn\u00edm podnikem na n\u00e1rodn\u00ed i\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00farovni. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 bylo porovn\u00e1n\u00ed \u010desk\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f hodnocen\u00ed stavu povrchov\u00fdch vod s\u00a0ostatn\u00edmi \u010dlensk\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi EU proveden\u00e9 v\u00a0r\u00e1mci realizace 2. pl\u00e1n\u016f povod\u00ed, prezentovan\u00e9 RNDr. Hanou Prchalovou z\u00a0V\u00daV TGM, v.\u00a0v.\u00a0i.<\/p>\n
P\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky \u010cHM\u00da hodnot\u00edc\u00ed obsah prioritn\u00edch l\u00e1tek v\u00a0pevn\u00fdch matric\u00edch p\u0159ednesla RNDr. Drahom\u00edra Leontovy\u010dov\u00e1 a\u00a0Mgr. V\u00edt Kode\u0161, Ph.D. Ve v\u0161ech skupin\u00e1ch zkouman\u00fdch organism\u016f (bentos, pl\u016fdek, ryby, ml\u017ei) byly normy environment\u00e1ln\u00ed kvality podle na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vl\u00e1dy \u010d. 401\/2015 Sb. p\u0159ekra\u010dov\u00e1ny v\u00a0ukazatel\u00edch perfluorooktansulfon\u00e1t\u016f (PFOS) a\u00a0polybromovan\u00fdch difenylether\u016f (PBDE); s\u00a0maxim\u00e1ln\u00edmi n\u00e1lezy u\u00a0juveniln\u00edch ryb. Vyjma ml\u017e\u016f je obsah rtuti v\u00a0ostatn\u00edch organismech rovn\u011b\u017e nadlimitn\u00ed. Jej\u00ed koncentrace vzr\u016fst\u00e1 se st\u00e1\u0159\u00edm organism\u016f, nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed je tedy v\u00a0ryb\u00ed svalovin\u011b. Polycyklick\u00e9 aromatick\u00e9 uhlovod\u00edky fluoranthen a\u00a0benzo(a)pyren jsou probl\u00e9mem pouze u\u00a0bentosu, v\u00a0ostatn\u00edch biologick\u00fdch matric\u00edch jsou NEK p\u0159ekra\u010dov\u00e1ny jen sporadicky. Naopak vysoce podlimitn\u00ed jsou obsahy hexachlorbenzenu (s\u00a0v\u00fdjimkou n\u00e1lez\u016f v\u00a0\u0159ece B\u00edlin\u011b), hexachlorbutadienu a\u00a0hexabromcyklododekan\u016f ve v\u0161ech sledovan\u00fdch biologick\u00fdch matric\u00edch.<\/p>\n
Druhou skupinou pevn\u00fdch matric jsou sedimenty, sedimentovateln\u00e9 plaveniny a\u00a0plaveniny. P\u0159esto, \u017ee nejsou pro tyto matrice v\u00a0r\u00e1mci na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vl\u00e1dy 401\/2015 Sb. ur\u010deny NEK, hodnot\u00ed se trend koncentrace vybran\u00fdch prioritn\u00edch l\u00e1tek podle po\u017eadavk\u016f sm\u011brnice 2013\/39\/EU, kter\u00fd nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u00a0\u010dase v\u00fdznamn\u011b stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed. Stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed trend na v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch profil\u016f byl potvrzen v\u00a0parametrech kadmium, olovo, anthracen a\u00a0chlorovan\u00e9 alkany C10<\/sub>\u2013C13<\/sub>.<\/p>\n Z\u00e1stupce Ministerstva \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed Mgr. Martin Udatn\u00fd sezn\u00e1mil p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9 s\u00a0legislativou a\u00a0v\u00fdvojem ohledn\u011b monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 jsou na seznamu zvan\u00e9m Watch List, jeho\u017e hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem a\u00a0smyslem je z\u00edskat dostatek informac\u00ed o\u00a0zastoupen\u00ed l\u00e1tek na tomto seznamu ve vodn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed EU, a\u00a0d\u00e1le na seznamu Short List, kter\u00fd obsahuje deset l\u00e1tek, je\u017e jsou v\u00a0procesu posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed jako nov\u00e9 prioritn\u00ed l\u00e1tky pro vodn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d EU. Prvn\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edce roku 2018 byly p\u0159edm\u011btem intenzivn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravy druh\u00e9ho seznamu l\u00e1tek pro Watch List, jejich\u017e monitoring ve vod\u00e1ch by m\u011bl b\u00fdt zah\u00e1jen na po\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2019.<\/p>\n V\u00a0sam\u00e9m z\u00e1v\u011bru semin\u00e1\u0159e jeho odborn\u00fd garant, Ing. Petr Tu\u0161il, Ph.D., MBA, vystoupil s\u00a0n\u00e1vrhy doporu\u010den\u00ed pro optimalizaci procesu hodnocen\u00ed stavu povrchov\u00fdch vod pro n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed aktualizaci pl\u00e1n\u016f povod\u00ed pro obdob\u00ed 2022\u20132027. T\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011b t\u011bchto doporu\u010den\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0aktualizaci R\u00e1mcov\u00e9ho programu monitoringu, vytvo\u0159en\u00ed fin\u00e1ln\u00edho seznamu reprezentativn\u00edch profil\u016f v\u00a0\u00fatvarech povrchov\u00fdch vod (tekouc\u00edch i\u00a0stojat\u00fdch) pro realizaci hodnocen\u00ed stavu za obdob\u00ed 2016\u20132018, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed kvalit\u011b metadat pro bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed vyhodnocen\u00ed stavu na \u00farovni cel\u00e9 \u010cR, aktualizaci vybran\u00fdch metodick\u00fdch postup\u016f pro hodnocen\u00ed stavu a\u00a0pravideln\u00e9 kontrole v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00edch algoritm\u016f v\u00a0informa\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu ARROW.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" On March 21, 2018, a seminar on the assessment of surface water status for the period 2013\u20132015 was held at the Novotn\u00e9ho l\u00e1vka in Prague, under the auspices of the Waste Waters-Purity Waters Group. The event was organized by the Czech Science and Technology Water Management Company.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":4815,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,90],"tags":[1248,316,1999],"coauthors":[328,493],"class_list":["post-4834","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-from-the-world-of-water-management","category-waste-management","tag-cvtvhs-z-s","tag-surface-water","tag-workshop-2"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4834","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4834"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4834\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30456,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4834\/revisions\/30456"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4815"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4834"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4834"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4834"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=4834"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}