{"id":4679,"date":"2018-04-11T10:16:04","date_gmt":"2018-04-11T09:16:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/?p=4679"},"modified":"2024-07-16T14:15:54","modified_gmt":"2024-07-16T13:15:54","slug":"interview-with-the-director-of-the-expert-institute-of-health-and-safety-rndr-mgr-petr-a-skrehot-ph-d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/2018\/04\/interview-with-the-director-of-the-expert-institute-of-health-and-safety-rndr-mgr-petr-a-skrehot-ph-d\/","title":{"rendered":"Interview with the Director of the Expert Institute of Health and Safety RNDr. Mgr. Petr A. Sk\u0159ehot, Ph.D."},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/i> This article is available in Czech only. For translation or more information on this topic, please contact author.<\/h4>\n

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M\u016f\u017eete v\u00a0kr\u00e1tkosti p\u0159edstavit Z\u00daBOZ, z. \u00fa.?<\/h4>\n

Znaleck\u00fd \u00fastav bezpe\u010dnosti a\u00a0ochrany zdrav\u00ed, z. \u00fa., je nez\u00e1visl\u00e1 instituce, kter\u00e1 se zam\u011b\u0159uje na znaleckou, v\u011bdecko-v\u00fdzkumnou, vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed a\u00a0osv\u011btovou \u010dinnost v\u00a0oblasti bezpe\u010dnosti pr\u00e1ce, ergonomie, po\u017e\u00e1rn\u00ed ochrany, prevence nehod a\u00a0hav\u00e1ri\u00ed, hygieny pr\u00e1ce v\u010detn\u011b radia\u010dn\u00ed, bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edho in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed a\u00a0risk managementu. \u00dastav je zaps\u00e1n do I. odd\u00edlu seznamu \u00fastav\u016f kvalifikovan\u00fdch pro znaleckou \u010dinnost pro hlavn\u00ed obor \u201ebezpe\u010dnost pr\u00e1ce\u201c. Jako jedin\u00fd \u00fastav v\u00a0\u010cR disponujeme dvan\u00e1cti soudn\u00edmi znalci, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u016fsob\u00ed v\u00a0celkem sedmn\u00e1cti samostatn\u00fdch specializac\u00edch. Znaleckou \u010dinnost prov\u00e1d\u00edme jak pro pot\u0159eby org\u00e1n\u016f ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 moci, tak i\u00a0pro firmy, organizace a\u00a0ob\u010dany. Ka\u017ed\u00fd, kdo pot\u0159ebuje ve v\u00fd\u0161e\u00a0uveden\u00fdch oborech jak\u00e9koli poradenstv\u00ed, se na n\u00e1s m\u016f\u017ee s\u00a0d\u016fv\u011brou obr\u00e1tit.<\/p>\n

Krom\u011b expertn\u00ed \u010dinnosti tvo\u0159\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b v\u00fdznamnou \u010d\u00e1st aktivit \u00fastavu tak\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce jeho \u010dlensk\u00e9 sekce. Ta spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0podpo\u0159e vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce mezi \u010dleny \u00fastavu, s\u00a0c\u00edlem napom\u00e1hat ke sd\u00edlen\u00ed osobn\u00edch zku\u0161enost\u00ed (lessons learnt, benchmarking), prohlubov\u00e1n\u00ed znalost\u00ed, rozv\u00edjen\u00ed dovednost\u00ed, \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 osv\u011bty a\u00a0popularizace t\u00e9mat t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se bezpe\u010dnosti a\u00a0ochrany zdrav\u00ed. Aktu\u00e1ln\u011b n\u00e1\u0161 \u00fastav sdru\u017euje 42 \u010dlen\u016f, z\u00a0nich\u017e je 7 pr\u00e1vnick\u00fdch osob. \u010clenov\u00e9 se pravideln\u011b jednou za \u010dtvrt roku sch\u00e1zej\u00ed a\u00a0v\u00a0r\u00e1mci t\u011bchto odborn\u00fdch kolokvi\u00ed spole\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u0161\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed ot\u00e1zky a\u00a0probl\u00e9my, s\u00a0nimi\u017e se ve sv\u00e9 praxi pot\u00fdkaj\u00ed. Kolegialita a\u00a0ochota si pom\u00e1hat je skute\u010dnou p\u0159ednost\u00ed, kterou se m\u016f\u017eeme navenek pochlubit.<\/p>\n

\u00dastav spolupracuje tak\u00e9 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 se \u010dty\u0159mi des\u00edtkami partnersk\u00fdch organizac\u00ed. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b zejm\u00e9na vysok\u00e9 \u0161koly nebo jejich organiza\u010dn\u00ed slo\u017eky, v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 organizace, profesn\u00ed sdru\u017een\u00ed, p\u0159edn\u00ed in\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti nebo v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 firmy p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00ed v\u00a0oborech z\u00e1jmu \u00fastavu. Spolupr\u00e1ce s\u00a0na\u0161imi partnery se uskute\u010d\u0148uje v\u00a0mnoha form\u00e1ch. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm se jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0\u00fa\u010dast na vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9 v\u00fduce nebo veden\u00ed diplomov\u00fdch prac\u00ed student\u016f. D\u00e1le se pod\u00edl\u00edme na po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed odborn\u00fdch akc\u00ed a\u00a0konferenc\u00ed. V\u00a0neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b tak\u00e9 kooperujeme v\u00a0oblasti v\u00fdzkumu, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b v\u00a0jin\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti (spole\u010dn\u00e1 expertn\u00ed stanoviska apod.). S\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdmi na\u0161imi partnery dlouhodob\u011b pod\u00e1v\u00e1me spole\u010dn\u00e9 nab\u00eddky do v\u00fdb\u011brov\u00fdch \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zak\u00e1zek nebo do v\u00fdzev n\u00e1rodn\u00edch program\u016f podpory v\u00fdzkumu a\u00a0v\u00fdvoje. Velmi mne t\u011b\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee jednou z\u00a0organizac\u00ed, s\u00a0n\u00ed\u017e udr\u017eujeme velice t\u011bsn\u00e9 vztahy, je i\u00a0V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd \u00fastav vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd T. G. Masaryka, ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 v\u00fdzkumn\u00e1 instituce, se\u00a0kter\u00fdm ofici\u00e1ln\u011b spolupracujeme od roku 2015.<\/p>\n\"\"<\/a>\n

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Jsou v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti n\u011bjak\u00e9 \u201etrendy\u201c v\u00a0oblasti bezpe\u010dnosti a\u00a0ochrany zdrav\u00ed p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci (BOZP)?<\/h4>\n

P\u0159edn\u011b je pot\u0159eba \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee mnoho lid\u00ed v\u016fbec netu\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee bezpe\u010dnost a\u00a0ochrana zdrav\u00ed p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci p\u0159edstavuje samostatn\u00fd, komplexn\u00ed v\u011bdn\u00ed obor, kter\u00fd se dnes vyu\u010duje na \u0159ad\u011b vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol. Spousta lid\u00ed vn\u00edm\u00e1 zkratku BOZP jen jako agendu plynouc\u00ed z\u00a0pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f, jak\u00e9si nutn\u00e9 zlo, \u010di dokonce p\u0159e\u017eitek doby. M\u00e1lokdo ov\u0161em v\u00ed, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0jednu z\u00a0oblast\u00ed spole\u010densk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti lid\u00ed, kter\u00e1 zahrnuje po\u017eadavky, opat\u0159en\u00ed, prost\u0159edky a\u00a0metody p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed k\u00a0vytvo\u0159en\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek pracovn\u00edho procesu. BOZP se tedy t\u00fdk\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z\u00a0n\u00e1s, a\u0165 u\u017e si to uv\u011bdomujeme, \u010di nikoli. Ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk intuitivn\u011b a\u00a0jist\u011b ve vlastn\u00edm z\u00e1jmu pracuje tak, aby se vyhnul negativn\u00edm projev\u016fm pr\u00e1ce \u2013 \u00faraz\u016fm, nehod\u00e1m, nebo nemocem z\u00a0povol\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 a\u00a0to jak v\u00a0pr\u00e1ci, tak i\u00a0doma, na chalup\u011b, na dovolen\u00e9, prost\u011b v\u0161ude. A\u00a0\u00fakolem BOZP je pom\u00e1hat lidem nal\u00e9zat bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby pr\u00e1ce, a\u00a0to za pomoc\u00ed vhodn\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed \u2013 technick\u00fdch (nap\u0159. ochrann\u00e9 kryty), ochrann\u00fdch (nap\u0159. ochrann\u00e9 prost\u0159edky) nebo organiza\u010dn\u00edch (nap\u0159. pracovn\u00ed postupy, n\u00e1vody k\u00a0obsluze, \u2026). Nem\u00e9n\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 jsou tak\u00e9 hygienick\u00e9 limity, kter\u00e9 jsou postupn\u011b zav\u00e1d\u011bny na z\u00e1klad\u011b nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pozn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0toxikologii, medic\u00edn\u011b \u010di technice. Kup\u0159\u00edkladu, je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed 30 lety si nikdo nep\u0159ipou\u0161t\u011bl nebezpe\u010dnost tak b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, jakou je azbest. Nu a\u00a0dnes u\u017e nikdo ani na chv\u00edli nezapochybuje o\u00a0tom, jak vysok\u00e9 riziko m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159edstavovat jedin\u00e9 azbestov\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno, kter\u00e9 vdechneme. I\u00a0to je d\u016fsledek sna\u017een\u00ed v\u00a0oblasti BOZP.<\/p>\n

Vr\u00e1t\u00edm-li se ale k\u00a0Va\u0161\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00ed ot\u00e1zce, tak pochopiteln\u011b jako ka\u017ed\u00fd obor, tak\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnost a\u00a0ochrana zdrav\u00ed p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci se vyv\u00edj\u00ed. Reaguje na v\u00fdvoj v\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti a\u00a0p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed neust\u00e1le n\u011bco nov\u00e9ho. To, co bychom mohli naz\u00fdvat trendem sou\u010dasnosti, jsou p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm nov\u00e9 formy pr\u00e1ce. Doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0posunu role \u010dlov\u011bka na \u0159ad\u011b pracovi\u0161\u0165, a\u00a0to zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0souvislosti se zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00edm automatizace a\u00a0robotizace. Fyzicky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce jsou dnes ji\u017e sp\u00ed\u0161e v\u00fdjimkou. Naproti tomu jsme v\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech sv\u011bdky pom\u011brn\u011b dramatick\u00e9ho n\u00e1r\u016fstu psychick\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee a\u00a0nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch forem n\u00e1sil\u00ed a\u00a0\u0161ikany (nap\u0159\u00edklad mobbing, bossing, staffing, sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed obt\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed ad.), na kter\u00e9 se velmi t\u011b\u017eko reaguje. D\u00e1le se objevuj\u00ed tzv. nov\u00e1 a\u00a0nov\u011b vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed rizika (new and emerging risks), kter\u00e1 b\u00fdvaj\u00ed spojena s\u00a0nov\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdmi chemick\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami nebo technologiemi (nap\u0159\u00edklad nanotechnologie), s\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdmi negativn\u00edmi projevy pracovn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed (nap\u0159. tzv. syndrom nemocn\u00fdch budov) nebo s\u00a0n\u00e1r\u016fstem v\u00fdskytu muskuloskelet\u00e1ln\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. A\u010dkoli ani netu\u0161\u00edme, jak\u00e9 d\u016fsledky nov\u00e9 formy pr\u00e1ce v\u00a0budoucnu p\u0159inesou, na v\u0161echny tyto v\u00fdzvy je nutn\u00e9 v\u00a0z\u00e1jmu prevence reagovat u\u017e nyn\u00ed. T\u00edm, jak se sv\u011bt okolo n\u00e1s m\u011bn\u00ed, mus\u00ed m\u00edt i\u00a0specialist\u00e9 na BOZP st\u00e1le \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ehled a\u00a0orientovat se ve\u00a0st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm po\u010dtu obor\u016f. Doned\u00e1vna kup\u0159\u00edkladu nikdo p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 neznal ergonomii. A\u00a0dnes se bez znalosti ergonomick\u00fdch standard\u016f v\u00a0BOZP neobejde tak\u0159ka nikdo. Odhaduji, \u017ee t\u00edm, jak se postupn\u011b za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 uplat\u0148ovat Pr\u016fmysl 4.0, bude BOZP nutn\u011b vy\u017eadovat tak\u00e9 znalosti modelov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch simulac\u00ed. To u\u017e rozhodn\u011b nebude pr\u00e1ce pro bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edho technika, jak jej zn\u00e1me dnes. Bude to syst\u00e9mov\u00fd in\u017een\u00fdr, jeho\u017e pr\u00e1ce bude spo\u010d\u00edvat ve vyu\u017eit\u00ed virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed reality. V\u00a0del\u0161\u00ed budoucnosti dokonce nelze vylou\u010dit ani to, \u017ee \u201ebezpe\u010d\u00e1ci\u201c budou pe\u010dovat o\u00a0bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed podm\u00ednky nejen lid\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 robot\u016f. V\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 literatu\u0159e se takov\u00e9 \u00favahy objevuj\u00ed u\u017e dnes. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee se m\u00e1me na\u010d t\u011b\u0161it (sm\u00edch).<\/p>\n

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Co V\u00e1s p\u0159ivedlo k\u00a0problematice vzorkov\u00e1n\u00ed vod?<\/h4>\n

P\u0159izn\u00e1m se up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b, \u017ee to byla \u00fapln\u00e1 n\u00e1hoda. N\u011bkdy v\u00a0roce 2013 mne oslovila pracovnice brn\u011bnsk\u00e9 pobo\u010dky V\u00daV pan\u00ed Mgr. Jana O\u0161lej\u0161kov\u00e1 s\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dost\u00ed o\u00a0spolupr\u00e1ci p\u0159i tvorb\u011b metodiky hodnocen\u00ed m\u00edry potenci\u00e1ln\u00edho ohro\u017een\u00ed pam\u00e1tek antropogenn\u00edmi a\u00a0p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi vlivy. Jednalo se o\u00a0projekt v\u00a0programu NAKI a\u00a0pro mne to byla velice zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 a\u00a0zcela nov\u00e1 problematika. P\u016fvodn\u011b jednor\u00e1zov\u00e1 v\u011bc se ale postupn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila a\u017e na t\u0159\u00edletou spolupr\u00e1ci. Kdy\u017e se pak projekt bl\u00ed\u017eil sv\u00e9mu z\u00e1v\u011bru, napadlo n\u00e1s zkusit spole\u010dn\u011b podat n\u011bco nov\u00e9ho. Tehdy se akor\u00e1t p\u0159ipravovala t\u0159et\u00ed v\u00fdzva v\u00a0programu spole\u010densko-v\u011bdn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu OMEGA Technologick\u00e9 agentury \u010cR. Na p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b nov\u00e9ho projektu jsem u\u017e pln\u011b pracoval s\u00a0kolegy z\u00a0pra\u017esk\u00e9ho V\u00daV panem Ing. Ji\u0159\u00edm Ku\u010derou a\u00a0pan\u00ed Ing. Al\u017eb\u011btou Petr\u00e1novou. S\u00a0ohledem na n\u011bkolik ohlas\u016f z\u00a0praxe n\u00e1s napadla my\u0161lenka pokusit se vyplnit \u201epr\u00e1zdn\u00e9 m\u00edsto\u201c ve vodn\u00edm z\u00e1kon\u011b, kter\u00e9 se t\u00fdkalo z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed odborn\u00e9 zp\u016fsobilosti vzorka\u0159\u016f pracuj\u00edc\u00edch pro opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 laborato\u0159e. P\u0159eci ka\u017ed\u00fd vzorka\u0159 pro svou pr\u00e1ci nutn\u011b pot\u0159ebuje jak znalosti z\u00a0oblasti technologie vody a\u00a0vodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, tak i\u00a0z\u00a0bezpe\u010dnosti a\u00a0ochrany zdrav\u00ed. V\u0161ichni jsme pro toto t\u00e9ma doslova zaho\u0159eli, nebo\u0165 jsme c\u00edtili obrovskou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pro spolupr\u00e1ci v\u00a0r\u00e1mci na\u0161ich rozli\u010dn\u00fdch specializac\u00ed. Podali jsme tedy projekt zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fd na v\u00fdvoji nov\u00fdch kvalifika\u010dn\u00edch krit\u00e9ri\u00edch ur\u010den\u00fdch pro osoby p\u0159ipravuj\u00edc\u00edch se na v\u00fdkon profese vzorka\u0159e a\u00a0k\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed radosti byl p\u0159ijat k\u00a0podpo\u0159e. V\u00a0n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch dvou letech (tj. 2016\u20132017) jsme jej pak postupn\u011b \u0159e\u0161ili. Z\u00a0m\u00e9ho pohledu se jednalo o\u00a0jeden z\u00a0nej\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a\u00a0nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00edch projekt\u016f, na kter\u00fdch jsem se kdy pod\u00edlel.<\/p>\n

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V\u00a0\u010dem spo\u010d\u00edvala spolupr\u00e1ce s\u00a0V\u00daV TGM, v. v. i.?<\/h4>\n

V\u00a0r\u00e1mci \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed projektu TD03000017: Krit\u00e9ria a\u00a0po\u017eadavky na zp\u016fsobilost osob opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdch ke vzorkov\u00e1n\u00ed vod spo\u010d\u00edvala role na\u0161eho \u00fastavu v\u00a0\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9ho spektra \u00fakol\u016f. Nejprve to byla anal\u00fdza sou\u010dasn\u00e9 platn\u00e9 legislativy t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se vzorkov\u00e1n\u00ed vod a\u00a0to z\u00a0hlediska bezpe\u010dnosti a\u00a0ochrany zdrav\u00ed p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci. D\u00e1le jsme se v\u011bnovali ot\u00e1zk\u00e1m spolehlivosti lidsk\u00e9ho \u010dinitele, nebo\u0165 je to pr\u00e1v\u011b \u010dlov\u011bk, kter\u00fd s\u00e1m determinuje svou bezpe\u010dnost v\u00a0ter\u00e9nu. Spole\u010dn\u011b s\u00a0kolegy z\u00a0V\u00daV jsme se pak pod\u00edleli na t\u0159ech s\u00e9ri\u00edch ter\u00e9nn\u00edch experiment\u016f, kter\u00e9 spo\u010d\u00edvaly v\u00a0simulaci vzorov\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch postup\u016f pro odb\u011bry r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f vod, vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00edch rizik pr\u00e1ce a\u00a0n\u00e1vrhu vhodn\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed k\u00a0ochran\u011b zdrav\u00ed vzorka\u0159\u016f. V\u00a0druh\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed jsme pak realizovali hlavn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st dotazn\u00edkov\u00e9ho \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, a\u00a0to v\u010detn\u011b vyhodnocen\u00ed z\u00edskan\u00fdch dat. Ty byly vyu\u017eity k\u00a0tvorb\u011b v\u00fdstup\u016f projektu (certifikovan\u00e1 metodika). V\u00a0z\u00e1v\u011bru projektu nakonec je\u0161t\u011b prob\u011bhl projektov\u00fd semin\u00e1\u0159, kde byly dosa\u017een\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky prezentov\u00e1ny, a\u00a0to v\u010detn\u011b vzorov\u00fdch v\u00fdukov\u00fdch prezentac\u00ed k\u00a0problematice BOZP. Na v\u0161ech na\u0161ich \u00fakolech s\u00a0n\u00e1mi spolupracovali kolegov\u00e9\u00a0z\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed partnersk\u00e9 firmy ERGOWORK s. r. o., kter\u00e1 n\u00e1m sou\u010dasn\u011b pom\u00e1hala kofinancovat n\u00e1\u0161 rozpo\u010det z\u00a0komer\u010dn\u00edch zdroj\u016f.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\"\"<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Jak\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f v\u00a0r\u00e1mci spolupr\u00e1ce na projektu vzorkov\u00e1n\u00ed bylo dosa\u017eeno a\u00a0jak\u00fd v\u00fdznam budou m\u00edt v\u00fdsledky pro praxi?<\/h4>\n

N\u00e1\u0161 projekt byl neskute\u010dn\u011b bohat\u00fd na v\u00fdstupy! P\u0159i jeho p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b jsme zdaleka netu\u0161ili, jak\u00e9 synergie spojen\u00ed vodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a\u00a0bezpe\u010dnosti a\u00a0ochrany zdrav\u00ed p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci nakonec p\u0159inese. Vytvo\u0159ili jsme p\u011bt p\u016fvodn\u00edch odborn\u00fdch studi\u00ed:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Anal\u00fdza problematiky bezpe\u010dnosti a\u00a0ochrany zdrav\u00ed p\u0159i vzorkov\u00e1n\u00ed vod.<\/li>\n
  • Anal\u00fdza odpov\u011bdnost\u00ed za \u0161kodu zp\u016fsobenou v\u00a0d\u016fsledku pracovn\u00edho \u00farazu nebo provozn\u00ed nehody v\u00a0souvislosti s\u00a0prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00edm odb\u011br\u016f vzork\u016f.<\/li>\n
  • Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed po\u017eadavky na vzorkov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0odb\u011bry vzork\u016f vod.<\/li>\n
  • Lidsk\u00fd faktor p\u0159i vzorkov\u00e1n\u00ed vod.<\/li>\n
  • Terminologick\u00fd slovn\u00edk k\u00a0problematice vzorkov\u00e1n\u00ed vod.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Postupn\u011b jsme publikovali osm odborn\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Anal\u00fdza pr\u00e1vn\u00edho r\u00e1mce k\u00a0zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed BOZP p\u0159i vzorkov\u00e1n\u00ed vod v\u00a0ter\u00e9nu.<\/li>\n
    • Krit\u00e9ria a\u00a0po\u017eadavky na zp\u016fsobilost osob opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdch ke vzorkov\u00e1n\u00ed vod.<\/li>\n
    • Karta BOZP pro profesi vzorka\u0159 vod a\u00a0kal\u016f.<\/li>\n
    • Vzorkov\u00e1n\u00ed vod \u2013 b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce s\u00a0\u0159adou skryt\u00fdch rizik.<\/li>\n
    • Specialista vzorkov\u00e1n\u00ed vod a\u00a0po\u017eadavky na jeho odbornou zp\u016fsobilost.<\/li>\n
    • Odpov\u011bdnost za \u0161kodu zp\u016fsobenou v\u00a0d\u016fsledku pracovn\u00edho \u00farazu nebo provozn\u00ed nehody p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed odb\u011br\u016f vzork\u016f vod.<\/li>\n
    • Prevence rizik p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci v\u00a0uzav\u0159en\u00e9m prostoru.<\/li>\n
    • Po\u017eadavky na kvalifikaci a\u00a0vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vzorka\u0159e.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u0158adu z\u00a0nich jsme vydali ve sborn\u00edc\u00edch presti\u017en\u00edch mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch konferenc\u00ed, kter\u00fdch jsme za ty dva roky nav\u0161t\u00edvili celkem \u0161est \u2013 Bezpe\u010dnost a\u00a0ochrana zdrav\u00ed p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci 2016 a\u00a02017, Vodn\u00ed\u00a0toky 2016, Hydroanalytika 2017 a\u00a0Aktu\u00e1lne ot\u00e1zky bezpe\u010dnosti pr\u00e1ce 2016 a\u00a02017.<\/p>\n

      Nov\u011b jsme definovali tak\u00e9 deset odborn\u00fdch pojm\u016f, kter\u00e9 byly n\u00e1sledn\u011b p\u0159evzaty do n\u00e1rodn\u00edho terminologick\u00e9ho a\u00a0v\u00fdkladov\u00e9ho slovn\u00edku BOZP \u201cEncyklopedie BOZP\u201c, kter\u00fd provozuje V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd \u00fastav bezpe\u010dnosti pr\u00e1ce, v. v. i. D\u00e1le jsme uspo\u0159\u00e1dali dva odborn\u00e9 semin\u00e1\u0159e a\u00a0pro pot\u0159eby praxe jsme vytvo\u0159ili vzorov\u00e1 Pravidla pro nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi chemick\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami a\u00a0chemick\u00fdmi sm\u011bsmi, kter\u00e9 jsme t\u00e9\u017e projednali se z\u00e1stupci Krajsk\u00e9 hygienick\u00e9 stanice pro hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto Prahu, jak to ostatn\u011b vy\u017eaduje z\u00e1kon \u010d. 258\/2000 Sb. o\u00a0ochran\u011b ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>\n

      Hlavn\u00edm pl\u00e1novan\u00fdm v\u00fdstupem projektu nicm\u00e9n\u011b byla Metodika krit\u00e9ri\u00ed a\u00a0po\u017eadavk\u016f na zp\u016fsobilost osob opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdch ke vzorkov\u00e1n\u00ed vod, kter\u00e1 zahrnuje \u0161est samostatn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edloh ur\u010den\u00fdch jak pro odbornou p\u0159\u00edpravu vzorka\u0159\u016f, tak i\u00a0pro jejich vlastn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci v\u00a0ter\u00e9nu:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • P\u0159\u00edloha 1: Kvalifika\u010dn\u00ed standard pro profesn\u00ed specializaci Specialista vzorkov\u00e1n\u00ed vod,<\/li>\n
      • P\u0159\u00edloha 2: Soubor metodick\u00fdch list\u016f pro odb\u011bry r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f vod a\u00a0tekut\u00fdch kal\u016f,<\/li>\n
      • P\u0159\u00edloha 3: Soubor obrazov\u00fdch informa\u010dn\u00edch list\u016f k\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdm variant\u00e1m odb\u011br\u016f,<\/li>\n
      • P\u0159\u00edloha 4: P\u0159\u00edkaz k\u00a0proveden\u00ed odb\u011bru vzork\u016f (vzorov\u00fd formul\u00e1\u0159),<\/li>\n
      • P\u0159\u00edloha 5: Karta BOZP pro profesi Specialista vzorkov\u00e1n\u00ed vod,<\/li>\n
      • P\u0159\u00edloha 6: Seznam pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f a\u00a0technick\u00fdch norem.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Patrn\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u00fdchou projektu je nov\u00e1 norma \u010cSN 01 8003 \u2013 Z\u00e1sady pro bezpe\u010dnou pr\u00e1ci v\u00a0chemick\u00fdch laborato\u0159\u00edch, kterou se n\u00e1m poda\u0159ilo vytvo\u0159it a\u00a0hlavn\u011b prosadit do praxe. Norma vznikla zcela nepl\u00e1novan\u011b a\u017e spont\u00e1nn\u011b. Jej\u00ed zrod ale nebyl v\u016fbec jednoduch\u00fd. Zprvu n\u00e1s odpov\u011bdn\u00e1 pracovnice \u00daNMZ dokonce od tohoto z\u00e1m\u011bru odrazovala s\u00a0argumentem, \u017ee pr\u00fd nen\u00ed nov\u00e1 norma v\u016fbec zapot\u0159eb\u00ed. My jsme ale d\u00edky na\u0161emu projektu v\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee to nen\u00ed pravda. M\u011bli jsme toti\u017e \u0159adu ohlas\u016f lid\u00ed z\u00a0laboratorn\u00ed praxe, kte\u0159\u00ed po nov\u00e9 norm\u011b doslova volali. Ta star\u00e1, p\u016fvodn\u00ed norma, byla nepochybn\u011b ji\u017e p\u0159e\u017eit\u00e1 a\u00a0bylo velmi problematick\u00e9 ji v\u00a0praxi dodr\u017eet. Museli jsme tedy \u00daNMZ slo\u017eit\u011b p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dovat, ale na\u0161e n\u00e1maha se nakonec vyplatila. V\u00a0srpnu 2017, k\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed velk\u00e9 radosti, norma ve V\u011bstn\u00edku \u00daNMZ skute\u010dn\u011b vy\u0161la.<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Jak\u00e9 vid\u00edte perspektivy oboru BOZP v\u00a0souvislosti s\u00a0problematikou vodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed?<\/h4>\n

        Dal\u0161\u00ed perspektivy spolupr\u00e1ce na\u0161ich dvou obor\u016f jsou nesporn\u00e9. Existuje toti\u017e \u0159ada zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch pr\u016fse\u010d\u00edk\u016f, kde lze nach\u00e1zet p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost ke\u00a0vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ci. S\u00a0pan\u00ed RNDr. Danou Baudi\u0161ovou, Ph.D., jsme kup\u0159\u00edkladu zabrousili do problematiky ochrany pracovn\u00edho ovzdu\u0161\u00ed v\u00a0\u010dist\u00edrn\u00e1ch odpadn\u00edch vod. \u201e\u010cOVky\u201c obecn\u011b jsou, podle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru, v\u016fbec nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00edm segmentem, kde lze st\u00e1le zkoumat jak ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se BOZP, tak i\u00a0pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch technologi\u00ed. Nem\u00e9n\u011b zaj\u00edmavou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed nab\u00edz\u00ed tak\u00e9 rybn\u00edk\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. I\u00a0zde, podobn\u011b jako tomu bylo u\u00a0vzorka\u0159\u016f, se pot\u00fdk\u00e1me s\u00a0pot\u0159ebou l\u00e9pe vydefinovat po\u017eadavky na znalosti a\u00a0praktick\u00e9 dovednosti osob, kter\u00e9 tuto profesi vykon\u00e1vaj\u00ed. V\u00a0neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b tak\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f souvisej\u00edc\u00edch se suchem, zejm\u00e9na tedy v\u00fdstavby reten\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed, provoz vodn\u00edch zdroj\u016f apod., by mohly nab\u00edzet zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 t\u00e9mata, u\u00a0nich\u017e by se skloubila problematika vodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a\u00a0bezpe\u010dnosti a\u00a0ochrany zdrav\u00ed p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci. Uvid\u00edme, jak\u00e9 n\u00e1pady n\u00e1m \u010dasem p\u0159ijdou na mysl a\u00a0zda se n\u00e1m je poda\u0159\u00ed prom\u00edtnout do konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch projekt\u016f. V\u0161echno chce sv\u016fj \u010das a\u00a0ten prav\u00fd okam\u017eik.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Z\u00daBOZ, z. \u00fa., is an independent institution that focuses on expert, scientific, research and educational activities in the field of occupational safety, ergonomics, fire protection, prevention of accidents and work hygiene including radiation, security engineering and risk management.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":4629,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[1197,120,1198,1199],"coauthors":[894],"class_list":["post-4679","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-from-the-world-of-water-management","tag-health-protection","tag-interview","tag-laboratory","tag-safety"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4679","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4679"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4679\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30447,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4679\/revisions\/30447"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4629"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4679"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4679"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4679"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=4679"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}