{"id":3744,"date":"2017-08-10T11:36:30","date_gmt":"2017-08-10T11:36:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/?p=3744"},"modified":"2024-07-16T12:12:59","modified_gmt":"2024-07-16T11:12:59","slug":"warning-system-for-the-prague-water-system-against-micro-pollutant-pollution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/2017\/08\/warning-system-for-the-prague-water-system-against-micro-pollutant-pollution\/","title":{"rendered":"Warning system for the Prague water system against micro-pollutant pollution"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/i> This article is available in Czech only. For translation or more information on this topic, please contact author.<\/h4>\n

L\u00e9ka\u0159i s\u00a0trochou nads\u00e1zky tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee zdrav\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk neexistuje, setkat se lze pouze s\u00a0pacientem \u0161patn\u011b vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00fdm. Toto tvrzen\u00ed lze aplikovat i\u00a0na pitnou a\u00a0odpadn\u00ed vodu. Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika lety oba tyto typy vody spl\u0148ovaly v\u011bt\u0161inu v\u0161ech krit\u00e9ri\u00ed, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 dne\u0161n\u00ed \u010desk\u00e1 i\u00a0evropsk\u00e1 legislativa.<\/p>\n\"Ilustracni-fotografie-5\"<\/a>\n

Tak je tomu i\u00a0nyn\u00ed, proto\u017ee pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy vych\u00e1zely z\u00a0laboratorn\u00edch postup\u016f, kter\u00e9 celou \u0159adu l\u00e1tek neum\u011bly stanovit s\u00a0dostate\u010dnou citlivost\u00ed. Velmi rychl\u00fd rozvoj analytick\u00fdch laboratorn\u00edch metod v\u0161ak nyn\u00ed odhaluje ve vod\u00e1ch \u0159adu l\u00e1tek, o\u00a0jejich\u017e existenci ve vodn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed jsme nem\u011bli tu\u0161en\u00ed. Pro tuto velmi pestrou skupinu l\u00e1tek se za\u010dala pou\u017e\u00edvat zkratka PCCP (Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products). Jedn\u00e1 se nap\u0159. o\u00a0l\u00e9\u010diva, kter\u00e1 se dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed do odpadn\u00edch vod z\u00a0kanalizace. Sou\u010dasn\u00e9 \u010dist\u00edrensk\u00e9 technologie jsou \u010dasto m\u00e1lo \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9, v\u00a0krajn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b na n\u011bkter\u00e9 l\u00e1tky v\u016fbec nereaguj\u00ed. V\u00a0r\u00e1mci monitoringu projektu AQUARIUS na pilotn\u00ed lokalit\u011b Horn\u00ed Be\u0159kovice se pod mechanicko-biologickou \u010dist\u00edrnou odpadn\u00edch vod v\u00a0letech 2015\u20132016 systematicky objevoval hydrochlorothiazid, sulfamethoxazol, sulfapyridin, sulfanilamid, karbamazepin, v\u010detn\u011b jeho metabolitu carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide [1, 2]. Tyto l\u00e1tky byly registrov\u00e1ny ve velmi n\u00edzk\u00fdch koncentrac\u00edch \u0159\u00e1dov\u011b v\u00a0des\u00edtk\u00e1ch a\u017e stovk\u00e1ch\u00a0nanogram\u016f na litr (pouze karbamazepin, gabapentin a\u00a0hydrochlorothiazid byly analyzov\u00e1ny v\u00a0koncentrac\u00edch \u0159\u00e1dov\u011b v\u00a0mikrogramech na litr). Podobn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky byly registrov\u00e1ny i\u00a0na ko\u0159enov\u00fdch \u010dist\u00edrn\u00e1ch odpadn\u00edch vod v\u00a0povod\u00ed vod\u00e1rensk\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ee \u017delivka [3\u20135].<\/p>\n

Tyto zku\u0161enosti vedly k\u00a0formulaci projektu Varovn\u00fd syst\u00e9m pro pra\u017eskou vod\u00e1renskou soustavu p\u0159ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm mikropolutanty v\u010detn\u011b softwaru pro predikci pr\u016ftok\u016f a\u00a0koncentrac\u00ed PPCP, kter\u00fd je v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu let 2017\u20132018 v\u00a0r\u00e1mci projektu P\u00f3l r\u016fstu I. realizov\u00e1n pracovn\u00edky V\u00daV TGM, v.\u00a0v.\u00a0i.<\/p>\n

Jeho c\u00edlem je na pra\u017esk\u00fdch vod\u00e1rn\u00e1ch\u00a0K\u00e1ran\u00fd a\u00a0\u017delivka kvantifikovat obsahy 46 sledovan\u00fdch farmak a\u00a0jejich deriv\u00e1t\u016f od zdroje surov\u00e9 vody a\u017e po cel\u00fd proces v\u00fdroby. Pro vod\u00e1rnu v\u00a0Podol\u00ed, kter\u00e1 je v\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u00a0z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00edm re\u017eimu, jsou sledov\u00e1ny pouze \u010dasov\u00e9 zm\u011bny obsah\u016f farmak v\u00a0surov\u00e9 vod\u011b. Syst\u00e9m monitoringu je postaven na sledov\u00e1n\u00ed PPCP v\u00a0m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch intervalech na 5 profilech Jizery v\u00a0prostoru mezi Mladou Boleslav\u00ed a\u00a0K\u00e1ran\u00fdm a\u00a0na 7 m\u011brn\u00fdch profilech p\u0159\u00edtok\u016f do vod\u00e1rensk\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ee \u017delivka. D\u00e1le je sledov\u00e1na kvalita vody po \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0r\u00e1mci technologie b\u0159ehov\u00e9 infiltrace a\u00a0klasick\u00e9 infiltrace pomoc\u00ed van v\u00a0K\u00e1ran\u00e9m a\u00a0po aplikaci tradi\u010dn\u00edch \u010dist\u00edrensk\u00fdch postup\u016f na \u017delivce. V\u00a0obdob\u00ed n\u00edzk\u00fdch vodn\u00edch stav\u016f v\u00a0letn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch je frekvence sledov\u00e1n\u00ed zkr\u00e1cena na polovinu.<\/p>\n

Z\u00edskan\u00e1 dvoulet\u00e1 \u0159ada dat umo\u017en\u00ed posoudit \u010dasov\u00e9 zm\u011bny sledovan\u00fdch farmak v\u00a0surov\u00e9 vod\u011b, a\u00a0to v\u00a0z\u00e1vislosti na pr\u016ftoku, a\u00a0d\u00e1le stanovit efektivitu jejich odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed na jednotliv\u00fdch pra\u017esk\u00fdch vod\u00e1rn\u00e1ch. Jedn\u00edm z\u00a0nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdstup\u016f projektu je na z\u00e1klad\u011b poznatk\u016f z\u00a0popsan\u00e9ho monitoringu nastavit mechanismy kontroly farmak v\u00a0zdrojov\u00e9 povrchov\u00e9 vod\u011b p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00fdch hydrologick\u00fdch situac\u00edch. Z\u00a0p\u0159edchoz\u00edch projekt\u016f toti\u017e jasn\u011b vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se koncentrace mikropolutant\u016f v\u00a0souvislosti se sni\u017euj\u00edc\u00edm se pr\u016ftokem. Zat\u00edmco zdroj PPCP, kter\u00fdm jsou \u010dist\u00edrny odpadn\u00edch vod, m\u00e1 v\u00edcem\u00e9n\u011b konstantn\u00ed v\u00fdkon, \u0159ed\u00edc\u00ed schopnost vodn\u00edch tok\u016f v\u00a0letn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch v\u011bt\u0161inou rychle kles\u00e1. Kvalitativn\u00ed i\u00a0kvantitativn\u00ed data monitoringu proto umo\u017en\u00ed v\u00fdvoj varovn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00fd je zalo\u017een\u00fd na modelov\u00e1n\u00ed hydrologick\u00e9 bilance a\u00a0odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edch koncentrac\u00ed farmak.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Physicians with a little exaggeration claim that a healthy person does not exist, only to be met with a poorly-diagnosed patient. This claim can also be applied to drinking water and wastewater.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":3690,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[890,891,459,889],"coauthors":[401,400,851,27,868],"class_list":["post-3744","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-from-the-world-of-water-management","tag-cleaning-processes","tag-pollution","tag-public-water-systems","tag-wastewater-treatment-plant"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3744","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3744"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3744\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30400,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3744\/revisions\/30400"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3690"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3744"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3744"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3744"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=3744"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}