INTRODUCTION<\/h2>\n
When assessing the purposefulness and efficiency of constructing a new reservoir, many parameters are important on the one hand \u2013 those that can be considered basic, technical, and can be clearly described and quantified. These include the type of reservoir, its capacity and inundated area, hydrological conditions, and so on.
\nOn the other hand, there are numerous parameters that can be described as socio-economic. These include, for example, the attitudes of local people who will be affected by the construction, and the interests of various specialists, each of whom has defined different objectives they wish to achieve through the construction (or non-construction) of the reservoir. Anyone seeking to emphasise their own position and goals selects arguments that support them and downplays or ignores those that do not serve their purposes.<\/p>\n
The Water Centre I<\/em> project focused on the study of 61 sites from the 2020 Master Plan of Areas Protected for Surface Water Accumulation [1]. This selection took into account hydrological conditions, that is, areas that will need to be addressed as a priority in terms of water supply [2]. Therefore, in the project we focus primarily on identifying, describing, and listing the various aspects and impacts of the proposed construction of hydraulic structures on individuals and entire communities, as well as on different types of economic activity in the affected area. For this article, we have selected three phenomena that are related to the natural configuration of the landscape and its spatial use and transformation. The aim of this analysis is to compile the basis for comparing the proposed reservoirs in terms of individual aspects and their combinations, considering both the advantages and the issues that their construction may cause.<\/p>\n In the first step, a spatial analysis was carried out for the relevant LAPV catchments or sub-catchments for each site. For these areas, the overlap with designated vulnerable zones and with areas under additional protection of hydrological importance was displayed, together with a list of affected water bodies, their current status, and the measures expected for them under the sub-basin plans. The source of some of this information was the relevant sub-basin plans [5\u201313]. <\/p>\n The main part of the analysis focused on assessing the immediate surroundings of future water bodies in terms of the risk of runoff erosion during torrential rainfall. The method of critical points was used, based on a morphometric and hydrological analysis of the digital terrain model (DTM) in ESRI ArcGIS for Desktop, or the more recent ArcGIS Pro [14]. Beside the ESRI environment, there are also other freely available software tools that enable similar DTM analyses. A significant example is SAGA GIS (System for Automated Geoscientific Analyses), which, in addition to DTM analysis, is also used for modelling surface runoff and erosion\u2013sedimentation processes [15]. Another commonly used robust platform is GRASS GIS (Geographic Resources Analysis Support System), which also offers a range of advanced tools for DTM analyses and surface runoff simulations [16]. Based on the results of a case study [17], it can be stated that both open-source tools are becoming increasingly robust platforms for morphometric and hydrological DTM or digital surface model (DSM) analyses, whether considering the relatively simple determination of flow direction and flow accumulation or more sophisticated analyses. The combination of physical-geographical conditions, land-use types, regional differences in land cover, and the potential occurrence of extreme precipitation (in relation to synoptic conditions) for specific contributing areas is expressed by the indicator of critical conditions for the emergence of adverse effects of flash-flood events F [-]. It is proposed in the form supplemented with the weights of the relevant variables.<\/p>\n where:<\/p>\n a is the weight vector [a1 = 1.48876; a2 = 3.09204; a3 = 0.467171]<\/p>\n Four criteria are used in the final selection of critical points (CPs). These differ for contributing areas of a predominantly agricultural character with more than 40 % arable land (referred to as variant A) and for areas where the proportion of arable land is below 40 % (variant B). Thus, the delineation also includes areas that are not primarily agricultural in character, but where investigations carried out in model catchments have nevertheless recorded damage caused by the transport of debris.<\/p>\n Variant A \u2013 combined criteria apply: Variant B \u2013 combined criteria apply: The main output of the CP identification process is a spatial location of the selected CPs (Fig. 3<\/em>) and a table of LAPV with the selected CPs. For each selected CP, the designation and the values of the area (km\u00b2), proportion of arable land (%), and average slope of the contributing area (%) are provided. The identification of CPs is the first step toward determining measures in the catchment aimed at mitigating or eliminating potential infilling of the reservoir area with sediment transported during intense rainfall events.<\/p>\n The basic data sources for the CP analysis were the datasets of the Digital Terrain Model of the Czech Republic, fourth generation (DMR 4G) [18] and fifth generation (DMR 5G) [19]. These are point clouds from airborne laser scanning of the Earth\u2019s surface. Irregular triangular networks (TINs) were created from the point layers and subsequently a raster digital terrain model (DTM) with a resolution of 5 m. The DTM was subsequently modified using the so-called Fig. 3<\/em>. Location of identified modified critical points for Terez\u00edn protected area of natural water accumulation \u201cburning\u201d method [20, 21] for features that may not be captured in the original DTM but can have a crucial influence on the direction and accumulation of surface runoff, and thus on the description of the real character of its formation and, ultimately, on the correct delineation of the contributing areas of the CPs. Specifically, layers from the planimetric section of the ZABAGED\u00ae database were used \u2013 watercourses, culverts, and bridges.<\/p>\n Erosion wash-off in the reservoir catchment not only carries the risk of sedimentation in the reservoir but also the introduction of pollutants, particularly from diffuse sources of contamination, thereby causing undesirable deterioration of water quality in the reservoir. In the Master Plan of Areas Protected for Surface Water Accumulation [1], the sites are divided according to their importance into two categories:<\/p>\n The factors threatening water quality in reservoirs include the input of pollution from agricultural sources. In view of these considerations, and in connection with the potential use of some LAPV as sources of drinking water, the percentage of vulnerable zones in the catchment \u2013 or in the sub-catchment of the protected LAPV \u2013 and the determined vulnerability of the inundated LAPV areas were included as an additional criterion. The\u00a0Czech Republic issues a\u00a0joint action programme for all designated vulnerable zones.<\/span><\/p>\n The\u00a0method of\u00a0maintaining records on the\u00a0status of\u00a0surface and groundwater is established by Decree No. 252\/2013 Coll., on the\u00a0scope of\u00a0data in\u00a0records of\u00a0the\u00a0status of\u00a0surface and groundwater and on the\u00a0manner of\u00a0processing, storing, and transmitting these data to public administration information systems\u00a0[29].<\/span><\/p>\n Land consolidation is one form of landscape planning and should ensure the use and protection of the landscape through biotechnical, organisational, and legal measures. It establishes the definitive form of landscape-shaping measures, with partial objectives including, for example, the simplification of land records or allocation\u00a0<\/span>procedures. Comprehensive land consolidations (CLC) address not only ownership rights of\u00a0the\u00a0lands involved but also include erosion control and water-management measures, the\u00a0design of\u00a0road networks, and measures to improve nature conservation and ecological stability of\u00a0the\u00a0landscape. They are usually carried out for entire cadastral areas (in\u00a0contrast to uniform land consolidation \u2013 ULC, which typically takes place on smaller areas and among fewer landowners)\u00a0[30].<\/span><\/p>\n Given that CLCs also include erosion control and water-management measures, the\u00a0construction of\u00a0a\u00a0new reservoir may alter their function. Therefore, not only all cadastral areas affected by the\u00a0potential inundation were considered, but it was also important to focus on cadastral areas within\u00a0the\u00a0catchment influenced by the\u00a0reservoir, as its construction will also change runoff conditions in\u00a0the\u00a0surrounding smaller catchments. By overlaying the\u00a0layer of\u00a0cadastral maps with the\u00a0areas of\u00a0affected catchments in\u00a0GIS, the\u00a0affected cadastral areas were identified, and the\u00a0status of\u00a0CLCs in\u00a0each cadastral area was checked on the\u00a0Land Office portal\u00a0[31]. An\u00a0example of\u00a0the\u00a0method for Terez\u00edn LAPV is shown in\u00a0Fig.\u00a05<\/span><\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n A total of 61 protected areas of natural water accumulation (LAPV \u2013 Sites for Surface Water Accumulation) were evaluated. Below, Tab. 1<\/em> summarises the results of the analyses of the selection of modified critical points and the vulnerability of areas with respect to the Nitrates Directive for the selected LAPV.<\/p>\n Focusing on the\u00a0results of\u00a0the\u00a0modified CP analysis, two sites \u2013 Nabd\u00edn and H\u0159edle II \u2013 can\u00a0be considered non-risk areas. No modified CPs were identified in\u00a0their catchments. At the\u00a0other end of\u00a0the\u00a0spectrum, i.e., among sites with a\u00a0high number of\u00a0selected M-CPs (>10 M-CPs), are Kladruby (10 M-CPs), Trkmanka (11 M-CPs), Vyso\u010dany (11 M-CPs), Str\u00e1\u017ei\u0161t\u011b (13 M-CPs), and Hanu\u0161ovice (17 M-CPs). The\u00a0second value derived from the\u00a0analysis is the\u00a0total area of\u00a0the\u00a0catchments\u00a0\u2013 the\u00a0contributing areas of\u00a0the\u00a0M-CPs. This specifies the\u00a0area where measures will be necessary to mitigate or eliminate erosion processes. The\u00a0sites with the\u00a0largest total M-CP catchment areas are Poutnov (25.84\u202fkm\u00b2, 6 M-CPs), \u010cu\u010dice (28.09\u202fkm\u00b2, 8 M-CPs), Vyso\u010dany (28.59\u202fkm\u00b2, 11 M-CPs), and Hanu\u0161ovice (51.30\u202fkm\u00b2, 17 M-CPs).<\/span><\/p>\n Tab.\u00a01 <\/span><\/span><\/em>also includes data on the\u00a0percentage of\u00a0vulnerable zone relative to the\u00a0total area of\u00a0the\u00a0LAPV catchment (or sub-catchment) and a\u00a0list of\u00a0cadastral units designated as vulnerable zones located within\u00a0the\u00a0inundation zone of\u00a0the\u00a0LAPV.<\/span><\/p>\n The database also includes the results of the analyses of CLCs carried out in the catchments for all 61 LAPV. However, the article does not present the full overview, particularly due to the temporal variability of these data. The entire\u00a0<\/span>process is still ongoing, and unfortunately proceeding very slowly. In\u00a0practice, the\u00a0term \u201ccompleted\u201d means that the\u00a0project has been finished and the\u00a0property settlements have been carried out. Implementation of\u00a0the\u00a0so-called Joint Facilities Plan, which is most closely related to the\u00a0water-management function of\u00a0the\u00a0landscape, has often been postponed to a\u00a0later date. The\u00a0differences in\u00a0the\u00a0progress of\u00a0land consolidations across cadastral areas within\u00a0LAPV catchments are currently significant. For example, in\u00a0the\u00a0LAPV Str\u00e1\u017ei\u0161t\u011b catchment, on the\u00a0St\u0159ela river, which includes the\u00a0largest number of\u00a0cadastral units (98), only 14 of\u00a0them have completed land consolidations due to the\u00a0predominantly forested character of\u00a0the\u00a0area. For Kryry Reservoir, which is closest to implementation, 13 out of\u00a0a\u00a0total of\u00a023 cadastral units have been completed, and six are in\u00a0progress.<\/span><\/p>\n As a\u00a0case study, Terez\u00edn LAPV on the\u00a0Trkmanka has already been presented several times in\u00a0this article. It is a\u00a0reservoir located in\u00a0the\u00a0gently undulating landscape of\u00a0southern Moravia, with its catchment beginning in\u00a0the\u00a0north as far as \u017dd\u00e1nick\u00fd Forest. The\u00a0reservoir itself, however, lies in\u00a0open agricultural land, and almost the\u00a0entire surrounding area constitutes the\u00a0contributing areas of\u00a0the\u00a0M-CPs. The\u00a0character of\u00a0these areas is shown in\u00a0Fig.\u00a06<\/em>. The\u00a0soils are often overly dry and degraded, lacking the\u00a0capacity to retain\u00a0water, and are therefore particularly susceptible to erosion during flash floods as well as to wind erosion. If a\u00a0decision is made to construct the\u00a0reservoir, additional erosion-control measures will be necessary to prevent rapid sedimentation. The\u00a0presented calculation method will assist the\u00a0designer both in\u00a0planning the\u00a0measures and in\u00a0verifying their effectiveness.<\/p>\n Vulnerable zones are clearly related to agricultural land management. Therefore, the\u00a0rights and obligations within\u00a0them are determined primarily by the\u00a0Ministry of\u00a0Agriculture, even though the\u00a0impacts also affect the\u00a0aquatic environment. The\u00a0extent of\u00a0these areas is regularly updated, with the\u00a0basis for these updates being the\u00a0results of\u00a0groundwater monitoring. Excessive amounts of\u00a0nitrates from groundwater subsequently enter surface waters through springs and drainage, where they become part of\u00a0other natural processes. However, for surface waters in\u00a0future reservoirs, the\u00a0potential presence of\u00a0pesticide substances and their metabolites may pose a\u00a0greater problem, with elevated nitrate levels serving as an\u00a0indicator that undesirable substances from crop production are entering the\u00a0waters. The\u00a0issue of\u00a0pesticides, their monitoring, and their environmental impacts is still a\u00a0developing field; the\u00a0active substances and products used change from year to year. In\u00a0view of\u00a0the\u00a0above, it would be appropriate to focus attention on vulnerable zones, prioritising those in\u00a0the\u00a0catchments of\u00a0Group A\u00a0LAPV, assumed to be potential sources of\u00a0drinking water. It has been shown that some of\u00a0these pollutants persist in\u00a0waters long after their use has been banned.<\/p>\n Comprehensive land consolidations take place continuously over long periods. During their implementation, the\u00a0requirements for their execution have gradually evolved. Initially, their primary objectives were property settlements with landowners and the\u00a0consolidation of\u00a0plots of\u00a0land. Emphasis on erosion-control measures developed gradually, and after periods of\u00a0drought, the\u00a0need for water retention in\u00a0the\u00a0landscape is now highlighted. CLC can\u00a0thus be an\u00a0ideal tool for mitigating or eliminating the\u00a0phenomena identified during the\u00a0search for M-CPs. Their disadvantage, on the\u00a0other hand, lies in\u00a0the\u00a0high administrative, time, and financial demands during the\u00a0design, consultation, and implementation phases. Their execution then affects the\u00a0use and functionality of\u00a0the\u00a0landscape for many years.<\/p>\n When constructing a\u00a0larger hydraulic structure, it is always necessary to consider changes in\u00a0the\u00a0affected catchments, which may influence existing or future CLCs. Therefore, the\u00a0entire relevant LAPV catchment should always be identified and taken into account in\u00a0spatial planning documents. CLCs should then be completed and evaluated across the\u00a0whole catchment, together with any necessary erosion-control interventions.<\/p>\n Water-management authorities should also place greater emphasis on the\u00a0protection of\u00a0the\u00a0relevant catchments in\u00a0their decision-making. However, this would require additional legislative tools, for example in\u00a0the\u00a0form of\u00a0a\u00a0protection zone for a\u00a0future water source. One of\u00a0the\u00a0existing options is also the\u00a0increased use of\u00a0prohibitions or restrictions on activities in\u00a0designated protected areas of\u00a0natural water accumulation, or alternatively, the\u00a0extension of\u00a0these areas to cover entire LAPV catchments\u00a0[32].<\/p>\n For a long time, sites designated for future surface water accumulation have been protected within spatial planning; however, targeted protection of the catchments of these reservoirs is lacking. Investigations carried out within the project showed that general environmental protection may not be sufficient in these cases. The better condition of some sites is attributed more to natural conditions and the development of the landscape over the years than to targeted measures. This applies particularly to points that are critical for concentrated runoff and the transport of washed-off material into watercourses during heavy rainfall events. The article further documents the impact of diffuse, predominantly agricultural activities in the affected catchments. These are long-term negative effects with lasting\u00a0consequences, even in\u00a0the\u00a0event of\u00a0targeted interventions. It is therefore necessary to introduce legislative protection of\u00a0the\u00a0relevant catchments now, particularly in\u00a0cases where the\u00a0future reservoir is intended to serve as a\u00a0source of\u00a0drinking water.<\/p>\n This article was written within\u00a0the\u00a0framework of\u00a0the\u00a0Czech Technology Agency project No. SS02030027, Water Systems and Water Management in\u00a0the\u00a0Czech Republic under Climate Change Conditions (Water Centre), as part of\u00a0WP3 \u2013 Water for People.<\/em><\/p>\n The\u00a0Czech version of\u00a0this article was peer-reviewed, the\u00a0English version was translated from the\u00a0Czech original by Environmental Translation Ltd.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Protected areas of natural water accumulation have been long monitored and protected. So far, little attention has been paid to the catchment area which will be the future source of water for these water reservoirs from the point of view of influencing their quality. This article focuses on certain diffuse (non-point) processes that may lead to pollution and thus to limited use of accumulated water. It describes the methodology for identifying critical points in the vicinity of the future reservoir, where an excessive amount of sediment loads will enter the aquatic envi-ronment during torrential rainfall events. This will lead to sedimentation of the reservoir as well as to the input of dissolved pollutants. The methodology was applied to all 61 selected sites; the results are clearly presented in Tab. 1 and further discussed. As another non-point aspect, the representation of so-called Nitrate Vulnerable Zones within the reservoir catchment areas is evaluated. Although these areas are assessed in terms of excessive nitrate levels in water, other undesirable compounds used in agriculture may also occur there. As a third aspect, the article describes the status of the land consolidation process in the monitored catchments and discusses their contribution to catchment protection. In conclusion, it is stated that it would be necessary to enshrine into legislation the protection of LAPV catchments, especially for those reservoirs intended for drinking water supply.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":37093,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[3979,3982,211,3980,3978,3981,95],"coauthors":[3954,176,181,3955],"class_list":["post-37125","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hydraulics-hydrology-and-hydrogeology","tag-catchment","tag-comprehensive-land-consolidation","tag-erosion","tag-modified-critical-points","tag-protected-areas-of-natural-water-accumulation","tag-vulnerable-zone","tag-water-reservoir"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37125","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37125"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37125\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37454,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37125\/revisions\/37454"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37093"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37125"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37125"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37125"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=37125"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nIt is important to note that considerations regarding a future reservoir do not affect only the areas impacted by the dam construction itself and the area of the future floodplain. The reservoir brings problems as well as social and economic impacts both downstream and upstream of the affected watercourse: it improves overall conditions in the catchment (and the wider area) below the reservoir; however, it creates pressure on land-use possibilities above it. This aspect has so far received insufficient attention in the case of the protected areas of natural water accumulation (hereafter LAPVs) \u2013 most protective measures relate only to the area of the future dam and the anticipated floodplain. Within this scope, they were also adopted and recorded as a Territorial Reserve [3] in the Spatial Development Principles (hereafter SDP) of the regions. Fig. 1<\/em> shows the area of Terez\u00edn LAPV from the SDP of the South Moravian Region [4]. If requirements regarding land management and use in the catchment above the future reservoir are mentioned, they are general, non-specific, and their impacts on the lives of affected residents, on infrastructure, agriculture, and local businesses are not monitored. Meanwhile, the protection of the relevant catchment should be a permanent part of LAPV protection, and for sites of type A (drinking water) it should focus particularly on safeguarding water quality.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/novakova-obr-1.jpg\")
<\/a>Fig. 1. Example of spatial development principles of\u00a0the\u00a0South\u00a0Moravian\u00a0Region\u00a0[4]: LAPV Terez\u00edn \u2013 blue hatching<\/h6>\nMETHODOLOGY<\/h2>\n
\nWithin the cadastral areas of municipalities belonging to the catchments of the individual sites, the status of the preparation and implementation of comprehensive land consolidation (hereinafter CLC) is monitored.
\nAll the information obtained and processed for each site is stored in a database maintained in Excel and is used in other project outputs.
\nA total of 61 LAPV sites selected for the Technology Agency of the Czech Republic project No. SS02030027 Water Systems and Water Management in the Czech Republic under Climate Change Conditions (Water Centre<\/em>), guaranteed by the Ministry of the Environment, were included in the analysis. The sites are clearly shown in the following map (Fig. 2<\/em>).<\/p>\n<\/a>\nFig. 2. Location of protected areas of natural water accumulation selected for the project<\/h6>\n
Modified critical points<\/h3>\n
\nCritical points are identified at locations where the flow path lines of concentrated runoff, generated on the basis of a DTM, enter the built-up areas of municipalities. The modified procedure replaces the settlement boundary with a line of inundation of the water reservoir. Given the nature of flash floods (for which the methodology is designed) and their predominantly local impacts, only critical points with a contributing area not exceeding 10 km\u00b2 are considered. For each contributing area, the physical-geographical characteristics are calculated:
\nPp,r \u2013 Relative size (with respect to the maximum of 10 km\u00b2) [-]
\nIp \u2013 Average slope [%]
\nORP \u2013 Proportion of arable land [%]
\nCNII \u2013 CNII value [-]
\nHm,r \u2013 Relative value of the one-day precipitation total with a 100-year
\nreturn period [-]<\/p>\n<\/a>\n
\nK1 size of the contributing area 0.3\u201310.0 km\u00b2
\nK2 average slope of the contributing area \u2265 3.5 %
\nK3 proportion of arable land in the catchment \u2265 40 %
\nK4 F \u2013 indicator of critical conditions \u2265 1.85<\/p>\n
\nK1 size of the contributing area 1.0\u201310.0 km\u00b2
\nK2 average slope of the contributing area \u2265 5 %
\nK3 proportion of arable land in the catchment < 40 %
\nK4 F \u2013 indicator of critical conditions \u2265 1.85<\/p>\n<\/a>
\nFig. 3. Location of\u00a0identified modified critical points for Terez\u00edn protected area of\u00a0natural water accumulation<\/h6>\nVulnerable zones<\/h3>\n
\n
\nThe identification of vulnerable zones is based on the Nitrates Directive [22], which aims to reduce water pollution caused by nitrates from agricultural sources and to prevent further such pollution.
\nIn the Czech Republic, the Nitrates Directive is transposed by Section 33
\nof Act No. 254\/2001 Coll., on Waters [23], and defines vulnerable zones as sites where surface water and groundwater \u2013 particularly those used or intended as sources of drinking water \u2013 have nitrate concentrations exceeding 50 mg\/l or may reach this value, or where surface waters are experiencing, or may experience, undesirable deterioration of water quality due to high nitrate concentrations from agricultural sources.
\nVulnerable zones are established by government regulation. At the start of the project, Government Regulation No. 277\/2020 Coll., on the designation of vulnerable zones and the action programme, was in force [24]. During the project, the fifth revision of vulnerable zones was carried out, and measures of the sixth action programme were established [25]. The revision was promulgated by Government Regulation No. 193\/2024 Coll., effective from 1 July 2024 [26]. Vulnerable zones are delineated by
\ncadastral units of the Czech Republic [27]. For the purposes of the project, a dataset containing the list of cadastral units designated as vulnerable zones as of 1 July 2020 was used [28]. As an example, Fig. 4<\/em> shows the intersection with the declared vulnerable zones for the catchment above Terez\u00edn LAPV.<\/p>\n<\/a>Fig. 4. Intersection with declared vulnerable areas for the\u00a0catchment area upstream of\u00a0Terez\u00edn protected area of\u00a0natural water accumulation<\/h6>\nComprehensive land consolidation<\/h3>\n
<\/h6>\n
<\/a>Fig. 5. Status of\u00a0comprehensive land consolidation in\u00a0the\u00a0catchment of\u00a0Terez\u00edn\u00a0protected area of\u00a0natural water accumulation<\/h6>\nRESULTS<\/h2>\n
Tab.\u00a01. Summary of\u00a0analysis results for selected protected areas of\u00a0natural water accumulation<\/h5>\n
<\/a>\nDISCUSSION<\/h2>\n
<\/a>\nFig. 6. Terez\u00edn\u00a0protected area of\u00a0natural water accumulation \u2013 current state<\/h6>\n
CONCLUSION<\/h2>\n
Acknowledgements<\/h3>\n