![\"Rozhovor-1\"](\"http:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Rozhovor-1.jpg\")
<\/a>\nNa tomto m\u00edst\u011b mus\u00edm p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee \u010cesk\u00e1 republika m\u00e1 v\u00a0t\u00e9to oblasti opravdu na co navazovat a\u00a0z\u00a0\u010deho vych\u00e1zet, nebo\u0165 vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako obecn\u011b cel\u00fd sektor vodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, m\u00e1 u\u00a0n\u00e1s dlouholetou tradici.<\/p>\n
Zde je vhodn\u00e9 ud\u011blat tak\u00e9 kr\u00e1tkou odbo\u010dku do m\u00e9n\u011b vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 minulosti. V\u00a0roce 2000 byla na \u00farovni Evropsk\u00e9ho spole\u010denstv\u00ed p\u0159ijata tzv.\u00a0R\u00e1mcov\u00e1 sm\u011brnice o\u00a0vod\u00e1ch (\u010d.\u00a02000\/60\/ES), kter\u00e1 stanovila r\u00e1mec vodn\u00ed politiky pro v\u0161echny \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty. Hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem sm\u011brnice je dos\u00e1hnout tzv.\u00a0dobr\u00e9ho stavu vod do roku 2015. Vstupem \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky do Evropsk\u00e9 unie v\u00a0roce 2004 tak vyvstaly i\u00a0nov\u00e9 povinnosti v\u00a0oblasti vodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s\u00a0napl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm po\u017eadavk\u016f R\u00e1mcov\u00e9 sm\u011brnice o\u00a0vod\u00e1ch. Mezi t\u011bmito povinnostmi byly i\u00a0zcela nov\u00e9 po\u017eadavky na podobu vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nov\u011b nesou n\u00e1zev Pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0oblasti vod. P\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u016f povod\u00ed byly, v\u00a0souladu s\u00a0po\u017eadavky t\u00e9to sm\u011brnice, dokon\u010deny v\u00a0roce 2009 schv\u00e1len\u00edm tzv.\u00a0prvn\u00edch pl\u00e1n\u016f povod\u00ed na obdob\u00ed let 2009\u20132015. Pl\u00e1ny povod\u00ed obsahuj\u00ed \u0159adu opat\u0159en\u00ed nezbytn\u00fdch ke zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed stavu vod. V\u00a0tomto kontextu je nutn\u00e9 zm\u00ednit, \u017ee ne v\u0161echna opat\u0159en\u00ed se, v\u00a0pom\u011brn\u011b kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m obdob\u00ed \u0161estilet\u00e9ho pl\u00e1novac\u00edho obdob\u00ed, poda\u0159ilo pln\u011b realizovat. Je to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobeno \u010dasov\u00fdmi po\u017eadavky na nezbytnou projektovou p\u0159\u00edpravu, dobu samotn\u00e9 realiza\u010dn\u00ed f\u00e1ze navr\u017een\u00e9ho opat\u0159en\u00ed a\u00a0v\u00a0mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech zna\u010dnou slo\u017eitost\u00ed ve vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed majetkopr\u00e1vn\u00edch vztah\u016f.<\/p>\n
S\u00a0p\u0159ijet\u00edm tzv.\u00a0Povod\u0148ov\u00e9 sm\u011brnice (\u010d.\u00a02007\/60\/ES) v\u00a0roce 2007 bylo nezbytn\u00e9 reagovat i\u00a0na dal\u0161\u00ed nov\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy a\u00a0povinnosti vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00a0t\u00e9to sm\u011brnice. Krom\u011b souvisej\u00edc\u00edch legislativn\u00edch zm\u011bn bylo nezbytn\u00e9 zpracovat n\u00e1rodn\u00ed koncepce v\u00a0podob\u011b v\u00fd\u0161e zmi\u0148ovan\u00fdch pl\u00e1n\u016f pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik. Tyto pl\u00e1ny byly schv\u00e1leny vl\u00e1dou \u010cR v\u00a0prosinci roku 2015, stejn\u011b jako aktualizovan\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny povod\u00ed. J\u00e1drem pl\u00e1n\u016f pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik jsou c\u00edle a\u00a0zejm\u00e9na navr\u017een\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 napom\u00e1haj\u00ed ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159ipravenosti zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch situac\u00ed (nap\u0159.\u00a0vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nebo aktualizace povod\u0148ov\u00fdch pl\u00e1n\u016f \u00fazemn\u00edch celk\u016f, vyu\u017eit\u00ed v\u00fdstup\u016f povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho mapov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0\u00fazemn\u00edm pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed, z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a\u00a0modernizace sr\u00e1\u017ekom\u011brn\u00fdch a\u00a0vodom\u011brn\u00fdch stanic, lok\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 syst\u00e9my\u00a0apod.) a\u00a0tak\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed stavebn\u00edho charakteru pro ohro\u017een\u00e9 lokality, tzv.\u00a0oblasti s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem.<\/p>\n
Nelze zapomenout tak\u00e9 na d\u016fle\u017eitou f\u00e1zi v\u00a0implementaci Povod\u0148ov\u00e9 sm\u011brnice, kter\u00e1 byla podkladem pl\u00e1n\u016f pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik, a\u00a0to na f\u00e1zi p\u0159\u00edpravy map povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed a\u00a0map povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik. Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed t\u011bchto map pro t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 3\u2009000\u2008km vodn\u00edch tok\u016f v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice poskytuje \u0159adu neoceniteln\u00fdch informac\u00ed jak pro operativn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, tak pro koncep\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnost v\u00a0oblasti povod\u0148ov\u00e9 ochrany.<\/p>\n
V\u0161echny v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 koncepce jsou zcela z\u00e1kladn\u00edm podkladem nejen pro v\u00fdkon st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy, ale i\u00a0\u00fazemn\u00ed pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 z\u00a0nich \u0159ada povinnost\u00ed v\u00a0podob\u011b realizace navrhovan\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed k\u00a0dosahov\u00e1n\u00ed dobr\u00e9ho stavu vod, sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik a\u00a0zlep\u0161en\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00e9 p\u0159ipravenosti. V\u00a0tomto ohledu vn\u00edm\u00e1m tak\u00e9 velmi v\u00fdznamnou vazbu na aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed Opera\u010dn\u00ed program \u017divotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed (OP\u017dP 2014\u20132020), kde p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0prioritn\u00edch os\u00e1ch 1 a\u00a04 je alokov\u00e1no zna\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f, kter\u00e9 mohou v\u00fdznamnou m\u011brou p\u0159isp\u011bt k\u00a0podpo\u0159e a\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 realizaci navr\u017een\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Jakou roli hraje rezort \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed v\u00a0procesu pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0oblasti vod?<\/h4>\n
Role Ministerstva \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed v\u00a0procesu pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0oblasti vod vych\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0n\u00e1m p\u0159id\u011blen\u00fdch kompetenc\u00ed definovan\u00fdch ve vodn\u00edm z\u00e1kon\u011b. Lze obecn\u011b konstatovat, \u017ee z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli zast\u00e1v\u00e1 rezort p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0koordinaci cel\u00e9ho procesu. Z\u00a0hlediska kompeten\u010dn\u00edho rozd\u011blen\u00ed za jednotliv\u00e9 typy pl\u00e1n\u016f pak vn\u00edm\u00e1m hlavn\u00ed \u00falohu rezortu M\u017dP v\u00a0procesu po\u0159izov\u00e1n\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u016f pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik, nebo\u0165 tyto pl\u00e1ny vyd\u00e1v\u00e1me, podle vodn\u00edho z\u00e1kona, opat\u0159en\u00edm obecn\u00e9 povahy. Nem\u00e9n\u011b v\u00fdznamnou roli v\u0161ak vn\u00edm\u00e1m i\u00a0v\u00a0na\u0161em zapojen\u00ed p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b n\u00e1rodn\u00edch pl\u00e1n\u016f povod\u00ed. I\u00a0v\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zast\u00e1v\u00e1 n\u00e1\u0161 rezort kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli jak v\u00a0samotn\u00e9 koordinaci, tak i\u00a0p\u0159i nezbytn\u00e9m posouzen\u00ed t\u011bchto koncepc\u00ed procesem SEA.<\/p>\n
Necht\u011bla bych se v\u0161ak dr\u017eet pouze n\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u016f. Mus\u00edm zm\u00ednit i\u00a0v\u00fdznam pl\u00e1n\u016f d\u00edl\u010d\u00edch povod\u00ed a\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch pl\u00e1n\u016f. Pl\u00e1ny d\u00edl\u010d\u00edch povod\u00ed, kter\u00e9 po\u0159izuj\u00ed krajsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady a\u00a0spr\u00e1vci povod\u00ed, ve spolupr\u00e1ci s\u00a0rezorty M\u017dP a\u00a0Ministerstva zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed (MZe), jsou ze sv\u00e9 podstaty detailn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a\u00a0jsou podkladem pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00edch koncepc\u00ed. Je zde tedy nezbytn\u00e1 vz\u00e1jemn\u00e1 obsahov\u00e1 prov\u00e1zanost a\u00a0vz\u00e1jemn\u00e1 koordinace jejich zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed. Obdobn\u011b je tomu i\u00a0ve vazb\u011b na mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pl\u00e1ny povod\u00ed a\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pl\u00e1ny pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik, kde je v\u00fdznam vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 mezist\u00e1tn\u00ed koordinace opravdu esenci\u00e1ln\u00ed. Jako p\u0159\u00edklad mohu uv\u00e9st Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed komisi pro ochranu Dunaje, kde je krom\u011b 14 z\u00e1stupc\u016f st\u00e1t\u016f v\u00a0povod\u00ed \u0159eky Dunaje zastoupena i\u00a0Evropsk\u00e1 unie.<\/p>\n
Mohu s\u00a0pot\u011b\u0161en\u00edm konstatovat, \u017ee i\u00a0v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159\u00edpravy t\u011bchto pl\u00e1n\u016f se poda\u0159ilo term\u00edny stanoven\u00e9 sm\u011brnicemi dodr\u017eet a\u00a0aktualizovan\u00e9 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pl\u00e1ny povod\u00ed a\u00a0prvn\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pl\u00e1ny pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b schv\u00e1lit. Krom\u011b napl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed c\u00edl\u016f dan\u00fdch t\u011bmito pl\u00e1ny je v\u00a0nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm obdob\u00ed nezbytn\u00e9 v\u0161ak ji\u017e intenzivn\u011b pracovat na p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed aktualizace pl\u00e1n\u016f po p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed pl\u00e1novac\u00ed obdob\u00ed 2022\u20132027.<\/p>\n
Co bude nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzva p\u0159i zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed obou typ\u016f pl\u00e1n\u016f na obdob\u00ed 2022\u20132027?<\/h4>\n
A\u010dkoliv maj\u00ed v\u0161ichni hlavn\u00ed akt\u00e9\u0159i procesu pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0oblasti vod ji\u017e pom\u011brn\u011b dobrou zku\u0161enost ze zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u016f povod\u00ed i\u00a0pl\u00e1n\u016f pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik, z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 i\u00a0pro n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed obdob\u00ed \u0159ada v\u00fdzev a\u00a0prostoru ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed. \u0160estilet\u00fd cyklus pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0oblasti vod je pom\u011brn\u011b kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 obdob\u00ed, a\u010d se to nemus\u00ed na prvn\u00ed pohled zd\u00e1t. V\u00a0tomto obdob\u00ed je nutno zajistit skute\u010dn\u011b velmi rozs\u00e1hlou \u0159adu \u00fakol\u016f a\u00a0\u010dinnost\u00ed. Na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b bych tedy r\u00e1da zm\u00ednila pot\u0159ebu dodr\u017een\u00ed stanoven\u00e9ho \u010dasov\u00e9ho harmonogramu cel\u00e9ho procesu, co\u017e klade zcela mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 n\u00e1roky na aktivn\u00ed participaci v\u0161ech z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdch stran zapojen\u00fdch do procesu pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0oblasti vod, kter\u00fdmi jsou p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm oba rezorty, krajsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady a\u00a0spr\u00e1vci povod\u00ed, dal\u0161\u00ed rezortn\u00ed organizace M\u017dP a\u00a0MZe\u00a0apod. S\u00a0t\u00edm samoz\u0159ejm\u011b souvis\u00ed i\u00a0odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed person\u00e1ln\u00edch a\u00a0odborn\u00fdch kapacit. P\u0159i t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti bych tak\u00e9 r\u00e1da pod\u011bkovala koleg\u016fm z\u00a0\u010cHM\u00da a\u00a0V\u00daV, kte\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u011b p\u0159isp\u011bli ke zd\u00e1rn\u00e9mu dokon\u010den\u00ed cel\u00e9ho procesu po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u016f pro toto pl\u00e1novac\u00ed obdob\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b technick\u00e9ho zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zpr\u00e1v o\u00a0p\u0159ijet\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u016f (tzv.\u00a0reporting) Evropsk\u00e9 komisi v\u00a0lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce. Po\u017eadavky na reporting pl\u00e1n\u016f byly pro tento cyklus mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b obs\u00e1hl\u00e9 a\u00a0prov\u00e1zely jej i\u00a0technick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my na stran\u011b p\u0159\u00edjemce dat. I\u00a0p\u0159es tyto komplikace se v\u0161ak poda\u0159ilo tento proces zd\u00e1rn\u011b dokon\u010dit a\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e1 republika byla dokonce prvn\u00ed zem\u00ed EU, kter\u00e1 tento \u00fakol splnila.<\/p>\n
Pro p\u0159\u00edpravu p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho pl\u00e1novac\u00edho obdob\u00ed je nyn\u00ed nezbytn\u00e9, krom\u011b vlastn\u00edho zhodnocen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdch nedostatk\u016f v\u00a0p\u0159edchoz\u00edch pl\u00e1nech, po\u010d\u00edtat i\u00a0se zp\u011btnou vazbou od Evropsk\u00e9 komise v\u00a0podob\u011b z\u00e1v\u011br\u016f hodnot\u00edc\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy. Ji\u017e nyn\u00ed je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee aplikace v\u00fdjimek z\u00a0dosahov\u00e1n\u00ed environment\u00e1ln\u00edch c\u00edl\u016f R\u00e1mcov\u00e9 sm\u011brnice o\u00a0vod\u00e1ch je po roce 2015 ji\u017e pom\u011brn\u011b striktn\u011b omezena a\u00a0bude nutno i\u00a0s\u00a0t\u00edmto limituj\u00edc\u00edm faktorem d\u00e1le po\u010d\u00edtat. A\u010dkoliv i\u00a0pl\u00e1ny pro obdob\u00ed 2022\u20132027 budou zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1ny podle sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho zn\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed a\u00a0evropsk\u00e9 legislativy, vid\u00edme jako velmi p\u0159\u00ednosn\u00e9 aktivn\u011b se zapojit do pl\u00e1novan\u00e9 revize R\u00e1mcov\u00e9 sm\u011brnice o\u00a0vod\u00e1ch k\u00a0roku 2019, kter\u00e1 by m\u011bla stanovit evropsk\u00fd r\u00e1mec vodn\u00ed politiky na dal\u0161\u00ed obdob\u00ed po roce 2027.<\/p>\n
Jak hodnot\u00edte spolupr\u00e1ci Ministerstva \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed s\u00a0ostatn\u00edmi zainteresovan\u00fdmi rezorty a\u00a0institucemi p\u0159i zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u016f?<\/h4>\n
Tak jako tomu bylo i\u00a0v\u00a0p\u0159edchoz\u00edm pl\u00e1novac\u00edm obdob\u00ed, byla za \u00fa\u010delem koordinace ustavena Komise pro pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0oblasti vod (KPOV), v\u010detn\u011b jej\u00edho Programov\u00e9ho v\u00fdboru a\u00a0pracovn\u00ed skupiny Povod\u0148ov\u00e1 sm\u011brnice. Roli KPOV vn\u00edm\u00e1m jako zcela z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro zd\u00e1rnou koordinaci cel\u00e9ho procesu pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0oblasti vod. KPOV jako poradn\u00ed a\u00a0koordina\u010dn\u00ed org\u00e1n usm\u011br\u0148oval \u010dinnosti a\u00a0p\u0159ij\u00edmal i\u00a0kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed v\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdch etap\u00e1ch zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u016f. Z\u00a0tohoto d\u016fvodu jsme se ji\u017e v\u00a0lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce dohodli s\u00a0kolegy z\u00a0MZe, aby na \u010dinnosti Komise pro pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0oblasti vod pro p\u0159\u00edpravu druh\u00e9ho pl\u00e1novac\u00edho obdob\u00ed plynule a\u00a0neprodlen\u011b nav\u00e1zala Komise pro pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0oblasti vod pro p\u0159\u00edpravu t\u0159et\u00edho pl\u00e1novac\u00edho obdob\u00ed. V\u00a0tomto ohledu do\u0161lo k\u00a0d\u00edl\u010d\u00edm zm\u011bn\u00e1m v\u00a0organiza\u010dn\u00ed struktu\u0159e Komise. Na\u0161\u00ed snahou bylo roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it okruh zapojen\u00fdch instituc\u00ed a\u00a0nevl\u00e1dn\u00edch neziskov\u00fdch organizac\u00ed, aby m\u011bli v\u0161ichni akt\u00e9\u0159i dostate\u010dn\u00fd prostor pro\u00a0aktivn\u00ed participaci v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu cel\u00e9ho procesu a\u00a0ke vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9\u00a0harmonizaci z\u00e1jm\u016f jednotliv\u00fdch subjekt\u016f tak, jak k tomu doch\u00e1zelo ji\u017e od sam\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00e1tku zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u016f.<\/p>\n
Ji\u017e jste shrnula kroky M\u017dP vedouc\u00ed ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed ochrany vod a\u00a0sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho rizika. Mohla byste kr\u00e1tce uv\u00e9st aktivity M\u017dP vedouc\u00ed k\u00a0\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed problematiky sucha, je\u017e bylo v\u00a0posledn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch \u010dasto sklo\u0148ov\u00e1no?<\/h4>\n
Problematika sucha je jednou z\u00a0hlavn\u00edch priorit M\u017dP. Z\u00a0iniciativy pana ministra Brabce vznikla v\u00a0roce 2014 Mezirezortn\u00ed komise SUCHO, kter\u00e1 se po dohod\u011b s\u00a0ministrem Jure\u010dkou spojila s\u00a0ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00ed skupinou VODA a\u00a0vznikla tak Mezirezortn\u00ed skupina VODA\u00ad\u2011SUCHO. C\u00edlem jej\u00ed \u010dinnosti je p\u0159ipravit n\u00e1vrh Koncepce ochrany p\u0159ed n\u00e1sledky sucha pro \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky, kterou m\u00e1 M\u017dP a\u00a0MZe p\u0159edlo\u017eit \u010dlen\u016fm vl\u00e1dy do konce \u010dervna\u00a02017. Ve\u0161ker\u00e9 \u010dinnosti nyn\u00ed sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed k\u00a0p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b tohoto materi\u00e1lu. M\u00e1me za sebou podrobn\u00e9 analytick\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce, sna\u017e\u00edme se \u010derpat zku\u0161enosti z\u00a0ji\u017e prob\u011bhl\u00fdch epizod sucha. P\u0159ed n\u00e1mi jsou rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 legislativn\u00ed zm\u011bny. Jedn\u00e1 se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm o\u00a0p\u0159ipravovanou novelu vodn\u00edho z\u00e1kona, na kter\u00e9 spolupracujeme s\u00a0MZe, kde se bude suchu v\u011bnovat cel\u00e1 nov\u00e1 hlava tohoto z\u00e1kona. Dal\u0161\u00edm c\u00edlem je p\u0159\u00edprava Pl\u00e1nu pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed sucha, kter\u00fd by definoval kompetence a\u00a0cel\u00fd syst\u00e9m \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed b\u011bhem v\u00fdskytu sucha. Podrobn\u011b jsou v\u00a0n\u011bm definov\u00e1ny stupn\u011b sucha a\u00a0zp\u016fsob jejich vyhla\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed i\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 kroky vedouc\u00ed ke zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed dopad\u016f sucha a\u00a0p\u0159edch\u00e1zen\u00ed krizov\u00e9 situace. Ta se pot\u00e9 \u0159\u00edd\u00ed typov\u00fdm pl\u00e1nem pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed krizov\u00e9 situace Dlouhodob\u00e9 sucho, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 M\u017dP p\u0159ipravit do konce leto\u0161n\u00edho roku. Krom\u011b toho p\u0159ipravujeme nov\u00e9 dota\u010dn\u00ed tituly a\u00a0upravujeme st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed podm\u00ednky Opera\u010dn\u00edho programu \u017divotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed tak, aby finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky byly vyu\u017eiteln\u00e9 i\u00a0pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed problematiky sucha. D\u00e1le budeme vypisovat n\u011bkolik v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch z\u00e1m\u011br\u016f v\u00a0programu Technologick\u00e9 agentury \u010cR a\u00a0p\u0159ipravujeme i\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00e9 pilotn\u00ed realizace.<\/p>\n
Te\u010f mi je\u0161t\u011b dovolte polo\u017eit ot\u00e1zku na trochu jin\u00e9 t\u00e9ma. Jak\u00fd je sou\u010dasn\u00fd stav \u201epoplatkov\u00e9\u201c novely vodn\u00edho z\u00e1kona?<\/h4>\n
Pot\u00e9 co v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku do\u0161lo ze strany \u010cSSD jako vl\u00e1dn\u00edho koali\u010dn\u00edho partnera ke zpochybn\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1vrhu novely, byly z\u00a0materi\u00e1lu odstran\u011bny v\u0161echny navr\u017een\u00e9 zm\u011bny, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0oblasti zm\u011bn limit\u016f a\u00a0sazeb pro zpoplatn\u011bn\u00ed, je\u017e by mohly zp\u016fsobit nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho vodn\u00e9ho a\u00a0sto\u010dn\u00e9ho nebo mohly b\u00fdt pou\u017eity provozovateli vodovod\u016f a\u00a0kanalizac\u00ed pro \u00fa\u010delov\u00e9 zd\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edho n\u00e1r\u016fstu vodn\u00e9ho a\u00a0sto\u010dn\u00e9ho. Upraven\u00fd materi\u00e1l ji\u017e od listopadu\u00a02016 \u010dek\u00e1 na projedn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0Poslaneck\u00e9 sn\u011bmovn\u011b. V\u00a0t\u00e9to souvislosti mus\u00edm konstatovat, \u017ee navr\u017een\u00e1 \u00faprava poplatk\u016f vych\u00e1zela ze zn\u011bn\u00ed programov\u00e9ho prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed vl\u00e1dy, pro\u0161la kompletn\u011b cel\u00fdm legislativn\u00edm procesem v\u010detn\u011b legislativn\u00ed rady vl\u00e1dy, kdy do\u0161lo k\u00a0vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ech z\u00e1sadn\u00edch p\u0159ipom\u00ednek. V\u00fdsledn\u00e9 zn\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 k\u00a0projedn\u00e1n\u00ed vl\u00e1dou, neobsahovalo \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed koncep\u010dn\u00ed rozpory ve smyslu zpochybn\u011bn\u00ed nutnosti nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed poplatk\u016f ani ve smyslu m\u00edry nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed. Zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed drobn\u00e9 rozpory t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se rozd\u011blen\u00ed v\u00fdnos\u016f z\u00a0poplatk\u016f nebo zv\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch odb\u011bratel\u016f podzemn\u00ed vody mohly b\u00fdt snadno vy\u0159e\u0161eny na jedn\u00e1n\u00ed vl\u00e1dy. M\u017dP tak\u00e9 nikdy nezpochyb\u0148ovalo, \u017ee nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm poplatk\u016f m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k\u00a0m\u00edrn\u00e9mu nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed ceny vodn\u00e9ho a\u00a0sto\u010dn\u00e9ho tak, jak je uvedeno v\u00a0hodnocen\u00ed dopad\u016f regulace (RIA), je\u017e je ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed materi\u00e1lu. Tento fakt plyne z\u00a0konstrukce v\u011bcn\u011b usm\u011br\u0148ovan\u00e9 ceny za vodn\u00e9 a\u00a0sto\u010dn\u00e9, kdy do v\u00fd\u0161e ceny je mo\u017en\u00e9 pln\u011b zahrnout ve\u0161ker\u00e9 poplatky. Nen\u00ed v\u0161ak mo\u017en\u00e9 souhlasit s\u00a0tenden\u010dn\u00ed r\u00e9torikou oponent\u016f navrhovan\u00fdch zm\u011bn, \u017ee \u00faprava poplatk\u016f bude z\u00e1sadn\u00edm d\u016fvodem k\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00e9mu nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed cen vodn\u00e9ho a\u00a0sto\u010dn\u00e9ho. Jak je patrno ze zhruba dvojn\u00e1sobn\u00e9ho n\u00e1r\u016fstu cen vodn\u00e9ho a\u00a0sto\u010dn\u00e9ho v\u00a0letech 2002\u20132016, kdy nedo\u0161lo ke zm\u011bn\u00e1m ve zpoplatn\u011bn\u00ed, poplatky nejsou polo\u017ekou, je\u017e v\u00fdznamn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje cenu vody. V\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti se jejich v\u00e1ha na v\u00fdsledn\u00e9 cen\u011b vodn\u00e9ho pohybuje kolem 3\u00a0%, v\u00a0cen\u011b sto\u010dn\u00e9ho pod 0,5\u00a0%. Podle n\u00e1vrhu by do\u0161lo do roku 2023 k\u00a0postupn\u00e9mu n\u00e1r\u016fstu u\u00a0vodn\u00e9ho na 9\u00a0% (tj.\u00a0na stejnou v\u00e1hu, jako m\u00e1 poplatek za odb\u011br povrchov\u00fdch vod) a\u00a0cca\u00a03\u00a0% u\u00a0sto\u010dn\u00e9ho. Vzhledem k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee u\u00a0poplatk\u016f za odb\u011br surov\u00e9 vody se jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0platbu za cenu z\u00e1kladn\u00ed suroviny, a\u00a0s\u00a0ohledem na to, \u017ee zisk provozn\u00edch vod\u00e1rensk\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed se dlouhodob\u011b pohybuje kolem 8\u00a0% ze sumy vodn\u00e9ho a\u00a0sto\u010dn\u00e9ho, poplatky by ani po navrhovan\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b nebyly z\u00e1sadn\u00ed polo\u017ekou p\u0159i kalkulaci ceny vody.<\/p>\n
Navrhovan\u00e1 zm\u011bna poplatk\u016f tedy nen\u00ed v\u00a0n\u00e1vrhu novely obsa\u017eena.\u00a0M\u00e1 M\u017dP jin\u00e9 mo\u017enosti pro dosa\u017een\u00ed c\u00edl\u016f, je\u017e byly vyty\u010deny p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b poplatkov\u00e9 novely vodn\u00edho z\u00e1kona, tedy zejm\u00e9na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed i\u00a0objemu odpadn\u00edch vod vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch do povrchov\u00fdch vod a\u00a0ochrana podzemn\u00edch vod?<\/h4>\n
Navrhovan\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed uveden\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f pomoc\u00ed poplatk\u016f coby ekonomick\u00e9ho n\u00e1stroje bylo vybr\u00e1no zejm\u00e9na pro to, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0\u201em\u011bk\u010d\u00ed\u201c regulaci, ne\u017e je klasick\u00e1 regulace pomoc\u00ed pevn\u011b stanoven\u00fdch limit\u016f, a\u00a0minulost jasn\u011b uk\u00e1zala vysokou efektivitu takov\u00e9 regulace. Poplatky, pokud jsou spr\u00e1vn\u011b nastaveny, motivuj\u00ed poplatn\u00edka, aby po\u017eadovanou zm\u011bnou chov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eil v\u00fd\u0161i placen\u00fdch poplatk\u016f. Je pouze na poplatn\u00edkovi, zda takovou motivaci vyu\u017eije, nebo bude platit poplatky v\u00a0pln\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161i. V\u00fdnosy z\u00a0poplatk\u016f jsou p\u0159itom pln\u011b zapojeny do dota\u010dn\u00ed podpory v\u00a0oblasti ochrany vod. P\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed \u201etvrd\u00e9\u201c regulace, a\u0165 ji\u017e stanoven\u00edm p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch limit\u016f pro vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed odpadn\u00edch vod, nebo omezen\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed odeb\u00edran\u00e9 podzemn\u00ed vody \u00fapravou povolen\u00ed mus\u00ed subjekt stanoven\u00e9 limity bezpodm\u00edne\u010dn\u011b dodr\u017eet, nem\u016f\u017ee se z\u00a0jejich dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm poplatkem \u201evykoupit\u201c. Sankc\u00ed za nedodr\u017een\u00ed je pokuta \u010di dokonce zru\u0161en\u00ed povolen\u00ed k\u00a0nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0vodami, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee z\u00e1sadn\u011b ohrozit \u010dinnost subjektu. Proto\u017ee \u00faprava poplatk\u016f byla navrhov\u00e1na zejm\u00e9na jako reakce na zlep\u0161en\u00ed nevyhovuj\u00edc\u00edho stavu povrchov\u00fdch vod a\u00a0\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f nedostatku vody a\u00a0tyto probl\u00e9my zpochybn\u011bn\u00edm n\u00e1vrhu rozhodn\u011b nezmizely, bude M\u017dP nuceno v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee ani v\u00a0bl\u00edzk\u00e9 budoucnosti nedojde k\u00a0dohod\u011b a\u00a0obnoven\u00ed funk\u010dnosti ekonomick\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f, pou\u017e\u00edt k\u00a0dosa\u017een\u00ed c\u00edl\u016f v\u00a0ochran\u011b vod n\u00e1stroje klasick\u00e9 regulace.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Rozhovor s n\u00e1m\u011bstkyn\u00ed ministra \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed Ing. Berenikou Pe\u0161tovou, Ph.D., na t\u00e9ma pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed v oblasti vod a ot\u00e1zky k problematice vodn\u00edho z\u00e1kona.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":26977,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[780,765,764,74,781],"coauthors":[2416],"class_list":["post-3361","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-from-the-world-of-water-management","tag-planovani-v-oblasti-vod","tag-povodnova-smernice","tag-ramcova-smernice-o-vodach","tag-rozhovor","tag-vodni-zakon"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3361","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3361"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3361\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30379,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3361\/revisions\/30379"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26977"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3361"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3361"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3361"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=3361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}