{"id":3352,"date":"2017-04-07T07:28:32","date_gmt":"2017-04-07T07:28:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/?p=3352"},"modified":"2024-07-16T12:04:38","modified_gmt":"2024-07-16T11:04:38","slug":"process-of-implementation-of-directive-200760ec-on-the-assessment-and-management-of-flood-risks-in-conditions-of-the-czech-republic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/2017\/04\/process-of-implementation-of-directive-200760ec-on-the-assessment-and-management-of-flood-risks-in-conditions-of-the-czech-republic\/","title":{"rendered":"Process of implementation of Directive 2007\/60\/EC on the assessment and management of flood risks in conditions of the Czech Republic"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4><i class=\"fa fa-exclamation-circle fa-3x pull-left\"><\/i> This article is available in Czech only. For translation or more information on this topic, please contact author.<\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Souhrn<\/h2>\n<p>Sm\u011brnice EU 2007\/60\/ES o\u00a0vyhodnocov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik (d\u00e1le jen sm\u011brnice 2007\/60\/ES) si klade za c\u00edl p\u0159edej\u00edt nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdm dopad\u016fm povodn\u00ed, nebo je omezit vypracov\u00e1n\u00edm pl\u00e1n\u016f pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik. Vzhledem k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee se p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny a\u00a0n\u00e1sledky povodn\u00ed v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch regionech Evropy li\u0161\u00ed, m\u011bly by uveden\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny zohlednit konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed charakteristiky oblast\u00ed, kter\u00fdch se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed, a\u00a0navrhnout \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed podle pot\u0159eb a\u00a0priorit t\u011bchto oblast\u00ed.<\/p>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/shutterstock_195527528_upr.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-3352];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"578\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3231 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/shutterstock_195527528_upr.jpg\" alt=\"shutterstock_195527528_upr\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/shutterstock_195527528_upr.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/shutterstock_195527528_upr-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/shutterstock_195527528_upr-768x555.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/578;\" \/><\/a>\n<p>Proces implementace sm\u011brnice 2007\/60\/ES byl v\u00a0\u010cR iniciov\u00e1n ji\u017e v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu vlastn\u00ed tvorby p\u0159edpisu. Podrobn\u00fdm rozborem byly definov\u00e1ny probl\u00e9mov\u00e9 okruhy, jejich\u017e \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed bylo zaji\u0161t\u011bno: (I) transpozic\u00ed princip\u016f sm\u011brnice do pr\u00e1vn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du \u010cR, (II) zah\u00e1jen\u00edm v\u00fdvoje metodick\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f nezbytn\u00fdch ke spln\u011bn\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch po\u017eadavk\u016f sm\u011brnice. Oba \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 d\u00edl\u010d\u00ed procesy byly moderov\u00e1ny mezirezortn\u00ed pracovn\u00ed skupinou vedenou Ministerstvem \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed \u010cR.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku jsou uvedeny principy vybran\u00fdch metodick\u00fdch postup\u016f v\u010detn\u011b dosa\u017een\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f. Zejm\u00e9na se jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0f\u00e1zi vymezen\u00ed oblast\u00ed s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm rizikem, metodickou podporu tvorby map povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed a\u00a0povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik, zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dokumentac\u00ed oblast\u00ed s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem a\u00a0Pl\u00e1n\u016f pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik. D\u00e1le jsou zm\u00edn\u011bny povinnosti spojen\u00e9 s\u00a0reportov\u00e1n\u00edm v\u00fdsledk\u016f jednotliv\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00ed implementace sm\u011brnice 2007\/60\/ES Evropsk\u00e9 komisi.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00davod<\/h2>\n<p>V\u00a0souvislosti s\u00a0povod\u0148ov\u00fdmi ud\u00e1lostmi z\u00edskali obyvatel\u00e9 \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky za posledn\u00edch t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvacet let tragick\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti, kter\u00e9 dokl\u00e1daj\u00ed smutn\u00e9 \u00fadaje: 137 ob\u011bt\u00ed na lidsk\u00fdch \u017eivotech a\u00a0t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 188\u2008mld. K\u010d materi\u00e1ln\u00edch \u0161kod. Negativn\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00e9 dopady vypl\u00fdvaj\u00ed ze dvou hlavn\u00edch typ\u016f povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, kter\u00fdm je \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky vystaveno. Jedn\u00e1 se o\u00a0povodn\u011b z\u00a0region\u00e1ln\u00edch de\u0161\u0165\u016f a\u00a0povodn\u011b z\u00a0p\u0159\u00edvalov\u00fdch sr\u00e1\u017eek. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0\u010dervnu 2013 do\u0161lo ke kombinaci obou typ\u016f p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinn\u00fdch jev\u016f, zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0povod\u00edch Oh\u0159e, Berounky a\u00a0horn\u00ed Vltavy.<\/p>\n<p>Ochran\u011b p\u0159ed povodn\u011bmi je v\u00a0\u010cR v\u011bnov\u00e1na velk\u00e1 pozornost a\u00a0jsou vynakl\u00e1d\u00e1ny nemal\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky jak v\u00a0oblasti prevence, tak v\u00a0r\u00e1mci operativn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed. Ochrana p\u0159ed negativn\u00edmi dopady povodn\u00ed jako soubor opat\u0159en\u00ed je v\u00fdsledkem dlouhodob\u00e9ho procesu, v\u00a0r\u00e1mci kter\u00e9ho jsou po uv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed v\u0161ech racion\u00e1ln\u00edch mo\u017enost\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed zvolena ta efektivn\u00ed. Za efektivn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed je nutno ch\u00e1pat takov\u00e9, kter\u00e9 je ve\u00a0v\u00fdsledku po\u0159\u00edzeno za \u00fanosnou cenu p\u0159i minim\u00e1ln\u00edch negativn\u00edch vedlej\u0161\u00edch \u00fa\u010dinc\u00edch a\u00a0za udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 provozn\u00ed (servisn\u00ed) n\u00e1klady. K\u00a0tomu je nutn\u00e9 ve f\u00e1zi tvorby n\u00e1vrh\u016f opat\u0159en\u00ed propojit \u0159adu informac\u00ed, znalost\u00ed, v\u00fdsledk\u016f pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed tak, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 minimalizovat p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 kolize z\u00e1jm\u016f, \u00fa\u010del\u016f a\u00a0efekt\u016f. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b uplatn\u011bn\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f v\u00a0\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed ochrany p\u0159ed negativn\u00edmi \u00fa\u010dinky povodn\u00ed a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edmi pr\u016fvodn\u00edmi jevy vy\u017eaduje proveden\u00ed n\u011bkolika nezbytn\u00fdch logick\u00fdch krok\u016f. Z\u00a0obecn\u00e9ho pohledu zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e1 posloupnost \u010dinnost\u00ed znamen\u00e1: (I) aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed m\u00edry nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, (II) v\u011brohodn\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed \u010di kvantifikaci mo\u017en\u00fdch dopad\u016f, (III) volbu hledisek klasifikace a\u00a0krit\u00e9ri\u00ed v\u00fdb\u011bru nezbytn\u00fdch k\u00a0definov\u00e1n\u00ed splniteln\u00e9ho c\u00edle\/c\u00edl\u016f ochrany, (IV) n\u00e1vrh postup\u016f k\u00a0dosa\u017een\u00ed c\u00edl\u016f, (V) vypracov\u00e1n\u00ed variant srovnateln\u00fdch z\u00a0pohledu pln\u011bn\u00ed c\u00edl\u016f ochrany, (VI) v\u00fdb\u011br optim\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Optimem m\u016f\u017ee \u010dasto b\u00fdt kostra syst\u00e9mu ochrany sestaven\u00e9 z\u00a0kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch prvk\u016f. Nalezen\u00edm v\u00fdsledn\u00e9ho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed se zcela cel\u00fd postup neuzav\u00edr\u00e1, proto\u017ee po n\u00e1sledn\u00e9m zahrnut\u00ed obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b kvantifikovateln\u00fdch hledisek \u010di up\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016f m\u016f\u017ee nastat korekce c\u00edl\u016f a\u00a0proces se vrac\u00ed do kroku (II). Ji\u017e byl zm\u00edn\u011bn probl\u00e9m cel\u00e9ho postupu, kter\u00fd spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 ve vybalancov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u0159et\u016f z\u00e1jm\u016f, koliz\u00ed aktivit a\u00a0zejm\u00e9na ve v\u00fdsledn\u00e9\u00a0efektivn\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161i sou\u010dtu po\u0159izovac\u00edch a\u00a0provozn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f. Dosa\u017een\u00ed tohoto stavu pak vy\u017eaduje p\u0159\u00edpravu \u0159ady metodik, na z\u00e1klad\u011b kter\u00fdch je mo\u017en\u00e9 objektivizovat jednotliv\u00e9 kroky uveden\u00e9ho postupu.<\/p>\n<p>Nezbytnost propracovan\u00fdch objektivn\u00edch postup\u016f posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edry povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho rizika a\u00a0stanoven\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e mo\u017en\u00fdch \u0161kod, kter\u00e9 ve v\u00fd\u0161e nast\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9m postupu reprezentuj\u00ed kroky (I) a\u00a0(II), p\u0159ipom\u00ednala doporu\u010den\u00ed z\u00a0v\u00fdsledn\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v vyhodnocen\u00ed katastrof\u00e1ln\u00edch povod\u0148ov\u00fdch situac\u00ed v\u00a0\u010cR, zejm\u00e9na z\u00a0let 1997, 2002 a\u00a02006. V\u00fdzkum prakticky vyu\u017eiteln\u00fdch metod v\u00a0podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky prob\u00edhal od druh\u00e9 poloviny 90. let (projekty VaV\/650\/5\/02, SP\/1c2\/121\/07), zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bchto postup\u016f do pr\u00e1vn\u00edho r\u00e1mce a\u00a0rutinn\u00ed praxe akcelerovalo schv\u00e1len\u00ed sm\u011brnice 2007\/60\/ES v\u00a0\u0159\u00edjnu 2007. Tento pr\u00e1vn\u00ed dokument ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 \u010dlensk\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm EU povinnost postupn\u011b na jejich \u00fazem\u00ed vyhodnotit povod\u0148ov\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, riziko a\u00a0po\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 informace zpracovat do formy p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho mapov\u00e9ho vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed, a\u00a0to v\u00a0t\u011bchto term\u00ednech:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>do 22.\u00a012.\u00a02011 dokon\u010dit p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 vyhodnocen\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik,<\/li>\n<li>do 22.\u00a012.\u00a02013 zajistit dokon\u010den\u00ed map povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed a\u00a0povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik,<\/li>\n<li>do 22.\u00a012.\u00a02015 zajistit dokon\u010den\u00ed a\u00a0zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u016f pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>O\u00a0ukon\u010den\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 f\u00e1ze je pak v\u00a0souladu s\u00a0\u010dl\u00e1nkem 15 sm\u011brnice 2007\/60\/ES informov\u00e1na Evropsk\u00e1 komise do t\u0159\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm zpr\u00e1vy (tzv.\u00a0reportingu). Zp\u016fsob reportingu je definov\u00e1n dokumenty, kter\u00e9 byly vypracov\u00e1ny, projedn\u00e1ny a\u00a0odsouhlaseny z\u00e1stupci \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f EU v\u00a0r\u00e1mci pracovn\u00ed skupiny Povodn\u011b p\u0159i Evropsk\u00e9 komisi (Floods Working Group) a\u00a0jej\u00ed podskupiny pro reporting v\u00a0r\u00e1mci sm\u011brnice 2007\/60\/ES (Floods Directive Reporting Drafting Group).<\/p>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-1.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-3352];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"562\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3232 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-1.jpg\" alt=\"Stepankova-1\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-1-300x211.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-1-768x540.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/562;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr. 1. \u00daseky vodn\u00edch tok\u016f defi nuj\u00edc\u00ed oblasti s v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem<br \/>\nFig. 1. River segments with potential signifi cant fl ood risk<\/h6>\n<h2>Implementace sm\u011brnice 2007\/60\/ES do z\u00e1konn\u00fdch norem v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice<\/h2>\n<p>Spln\u011bn\u00ed \u00fakol\u016f po\u017eadovan\u00fdch sm\u011brnic\u00ed 2007\/60\/ES znamenalo iniciaci procesu jej\u00ed implementace do pr\u00e1vn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a\u00a0institucion\u00e1ln\u00edho r\u00e1mce \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky ji\u017e od\u00a0druh\u00e9 poloviny roku 2007 v\u00a0gesci Ministerstva \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed \u010cR (d\u00e1le jen M\u017dP).<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed byla transpozice princip\u016f sm\u011brnice a\u00a0terminologick\u00e9ho apar\u00e1tu do novely z\u00e1kona \u010d.\u00a0254\/2001\u00a0Sb., o\u00a0vod\u00e1ch a\u00a0o\u00a0zm\u011bn\u011b n\u011bkter\u00fdch z\u00e1kon\u016f (vodn\u00ed z\u00e1kon) z\u00e1konem \u010d.\u00a0150\/2010 Sb. s\u00a0\u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed od 1.\u00a08.\u00a02010. Druh\u00fdm pr\u00e1vn\u00edm p\u0159edpisem, kter\u00fd \u00fazce souvis\u00ed se sm\u011brnic\u00ed o\u00a0vyhodnocov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik, je nov\u00e1 vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka \u010d.\u00a024\/2011 Sb., o\u00a0pl\u00e1nech povod\u00ed a\u00a0pl\u00e1nech pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik (\u00fa\u010dinnost od 4.\u00a03.\u00a02011). Vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka uv\u00e1d\u00ed zp\u016fsob a\u00a0formu zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho vyhodnocen\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik, obsah a\u00a0zp\u016fsob zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed map povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, map povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik a\u00a0formy jejich zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed, obsah a\u00a0zp\u016fsob zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u016f povod\u00ed a\u00a0pl\u00e1n\u016f pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik a\u00a0kone\u010dn\u011b zp\u016fsob zp\u0159\u00edstupn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00fdch prac\u00ed, n\u00e1vrh\u016f pl\u00e1n\u016f pro aktivn\u00ed zapojen\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/p>\n<h3>Koordinace procesu<\/h3>\n<p>Koordinaci procesu pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0oblasti vod (tj.\u00a0proces pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed podle sm\u011brnice 2007\/60\/ES i\u00a0sm\u011brnice 2000\/60\/ES\u00a0\u2013 R\u00e1mcov\u00e1 sm\u011brnice o\u00a0vod\u00e1ch) na n\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00farovni zaji\u0161\u0165uje Komise pro pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0oblasti vod (d\u00e1le jen KPOV). KPOV je poradn\u00edm org\u00e1nem \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch instituc\u00ed pro koordinaci zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u016f povod\u00ed a\u00a0pl\u00e1n\u016f pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik pro p\u0159\u00edpravu dal\u0161\u00edho pl\u00e1novac\u00edho obdob\u00ed. Pl\u00e1ny povod\u00ed a\u00a0pl\u00e1ny pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik jsou rovnocenn\u00fdmi dokumenty, kter\u00e9 jsou zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1ny pro jednotliv\u00e1 d\u00edl\u010d\u00ed povod\u00ed. Jejich p\u0159\u00edprava je vz\u00e1jemn\u011b koordinov\u00e1na v\u010detn\u011b \u010dasov\u00e9ho harmonogramu procesn\u00edch z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed (zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed, term\u00edny p\u0159ipom\u00ednkovac\u00edch proces\u016f\u00a0atd.).<\/p>\n<p>Pro koordinaci aktivit p\u0159i implementaci Povod\u0148ov\u00e9 sm\u011brnice p\u016fsobila v\u00a0letech 2008\u20132016 pracovn\u00ed podskupina Povod\u0148ov\u00e1 sm\u011brnice, kter\u00e1 podporovala rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch ministerstev v\u00a0oblasti zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho rizika. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed podskupina m\u011bla dvan\u00e1ct st\u00e1l\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f, kter\u00fdmi jsou z\u00e1stupci ministerstev, \u010cesk\u00e9ho hydrometeorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu, V\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho \u00fastavu vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho T. G. Masaryka a\u00a0spr\u00e1vc\u016f v\u0161ech povod\u00ed \u010cR. V\u00a0polovin\u011b roku 2016 byla skupina nahrazena Pracovn\u00edm v\u00fdborem pro implementaci Povod\u0148ov\u00e9 sm\u011brnice v\u00a0r\u00e1mci nov\u00e9 struktury KPOV pro t\u0159et\u00ed pl\u00e1novac\u00ed obdob\u00ed. Pracovn\u00ed v\u00fdbor m\u00e1 obdobnou strukturu a\u00a0shodn\u00e9 kompetence jako p\u0159edchoz\u00ed skupina.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00a0r\u00e1mci pracovn\u00ed podskupiny i\u00a0pracovn\u00edho v\u00fdboru je z\u0159\u00edzena \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed platforma, kter\u00e1 zahrnuje je\u0161t\u011b z\u00e1stupce v\u0161ech krajsk\u00fdch odbor\u016f \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed (vodopr\u00e1vn\u00ed org\u00e1ny), odbor\u016f krizov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a\u00a0odbor\u016f \u00fazemn\u00edho rozvoje. Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd pracovn\u00ed v\u00fdbor pro implementaci Povod\u0148ov\u00e9 sm\u011brnice m\u00e1 40 \u010dlen\u016f a\u00a0setk\u00e1v\u00e1 se zpravidla jedenkr\u00e1t ro\u010dn\u011b, vyjad\u0159uje se k\u00a0postupu implementace a\u00a0projedn\u00e1v\u00e1 podn\u011bty ze sv\u00e9ho regionu.<\/p>\n<h2>Definice pojm\u016f<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Povod\u0148ov\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed\u00a0<\/strong>\u2013 charakterizuje stav s\u00a0potenci\u00e1lem zp\u016fsobit ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed n\u00e1sledky (povod\u0148ov\u00e9 \u0161kody) v\u00a0z\u00e1plavov\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed. Povod\u0148ov\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed lze definovat tak\u00e9 jako \u201ehrozbu\u201c ud\u00e1losti (povodn\u011b), kter\u00e1 vyvol\u00e1 nap\u0159.\u00a0ztr\u00e1ty na lidsk\u00fdch \u017eivotech, \u0161kody na majetku, p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b a\u00a0krajin\u011b. Povod\u0148ov\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt kvantifikov\u00e1no pomoc\u00ed hodnot z\u00e1kladn\u00edch charakteristik pr\u016fb\u011bhu povodn\u011b (hloubka, rychlost).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Zranitelnost \u00fazem\u00ed\u00a0<\/strong>\u2013 vlastnost \u00fazem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se projevuje jeho n\u00e1chylnost\u00ed k\u00a0po\u0161kozen\u00ed a\u00a0\u0161kod\u00e1m v\u00a0d\u016fsledku mal\u00e9 odolnosti v\u016f\u010di extr\u00e9mn\u00edmu zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed povodn\u00ed, tj.\u00a0v\u00a0d\u016fsledku tzv.\u00a0expozice.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Povod\u0148ov\u00e9 ohro\u017een\u00ed\u00a0<\/strong>\u2013 je vyj\u00e1d\u0159eno jako kombinace pravd\u011bpodobnosti v\u00fdskytu ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edho jevu (povodn\u011b) a\u00a0nebezpe\u010d\u00ed. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edl mezi povod\u0148ov\u00fdm ohro\u017een\u00edm a\u00a0povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00a0tom, \u017ee ohro\u017een\u00ed nen\u00ed v\u00e1z\u00e1no na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed objekty v\u00a0z\u00e1plavov\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed (Z\u00da) s\u00a0definovanou zranitelnost\u00ed. Ohro\u017een\u00ed je mo\u017en\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159it plo\u0161n\u011b pro cel\u00e9 Z\u00da bez ohledu na to, co se v\u00a0n\u011bm nach\u00e1z\u00ed. V\u00a0okam\u017eiku, kdy ohro\u017een\u00ed vzt\u00e1hneme ke konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmu objektu v\u00a0Z\u00da s\u00a0definovanou zranitelnost\u00ed, za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 p\u0159edstavovat povod\u0148ov\u00e9 riziko. V\u00a0r\u00e1mci metody matice rizika je povod\u0148ov\u00e9 ohro\u017een\u00ed vyj\u00e1d\u0159eno jako funkce pravd\u011bpodobnosti v\u00fdskytu dan\u00e9ho povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e a\u00a0tzv.\u00a0intenzity povodn\u011b.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Povod\u0148ov\u00e9 riziko\u00a0<\/strong>\u2013 je vyj\u00e1d\u0159eno nej\u010dast\u011bji jako kombinace pravd\u011bpodobnosti v\u00fdskytu ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edho hydrologick\u00e9ho jevu (povodn\u011b, sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e nebezpe\u010d\u00ed) a\u00a0jeho nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdch dopad\u016f na lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed, \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kulturn\u00ed d\u011bdictv\u00ed a\u00a0hospod\u00e1\u0159skou \u010dinnost.<\/p>\n<h2>P\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 vyhodnocen\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik<\/h2>\n<p>St\u011b\u017eejn\u00edm c\u00edlem p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho vyhodnocen\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice bylo vybrat na z\u00e1klad\u011b co nej\u0161ir\u0161\u00edho plo\u0161n\u00e9ho posouzen\u00ed povodn\u011bmi ohro\u017een\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed takov\u00e9 oblasti, kde jsou povod\u0148ov\u00e1 rizika v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 a\u00a0pro kter\u00e9 je \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed a\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u011b i\u00a0re\u00e1ln\u011b mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159ipravit pl\u00e1ny pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik, a\u00a0to na z\u00e1klad\u011b zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed map povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed a\u00a0map povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik. Vedle schopnosti postihnout hodnocen\u00edm co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st \u00fazem\u00ed st\u00e1tu, kde mohou existovat povod\u0148ov\u00e1 rizika, je tedy podstatn\u00fdm po\u017eadavkem na pou\u017eitou metodiku i\u00a0nab\u00eddnout co nejobjektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed krit\u00e9ria pro stanoven\u00ed v\u00fdznamnosti rizik p\u0159i pot\u0159eb\u011b porovnat i\u00a0oblasti s\u00a0velmi rozd\u00edln\u00fdmi podm\u00ednkami fyzicko\u00ad\u2011geografick\u00fdmi, s\u00a0rozd\u00edln\u00fdm vyu\u017eit\u00edm \u00fazem\u00ed a\u00a0s\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u00fdmi rozd\u00edly v\u00a0m\u00ed\u0159e ohro\u017een\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdm nebezpe\u010d\u00edm.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00a0uveden\u00e9ho vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee z\u00e1kladn\u00ed ot\u00e1zkou pro nastartov\u00e1n\u00ed procesu p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho vyhodnocen\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik bylo exaktn\u00ed vymezen\u00ed obsahu souslov\u00ed \u201ev\u00fdznamn\u00e9 povod\u0148ov\u00e9 riziko\u201c. Sm\u011brnice 2007\/60\/ES vy\u017eaduje, aby tento proces byl zalo\u017een na dostupn\u00fdch nebo snadno odvoditeln\u00fdch informac\u00edch a\u00a0aby byl opakovateln\u00fd v\u00a0\u0161estilet\u00fdch pl\u00e1novac\u00edch cyklech. Sou\u010dasn\u011b ponech\u00e1v\u00e1 definici \u201ev\u00fdznamnosti\u201c na ka\u017ed\u00e9m z\u00a0\u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f EU.<\/p>\n<p>K\u00a0p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9mu vyhodnocen\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice byly pou\u017eity z\u00e1sadn\u011b standardn\u011b zpracov\u00e1van\u00e9 datab\u00e1ze poskytuj\u00edc\u00ed podklady zejm\u00e9na o\u00a0lokalizaci a\u00a0prostorov\u00e9m vymezen\u00ed d\u00e1le uveden\u00fdch prvk\u016f a\u00a0zp\u016fsob\u016f vyu\u017eit\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed, pop\u0159.\u00a0informace vhodn\u00e9 pro posouzen\u00ed nebo vyhodnocen\u00ed n\u00e1sledk\u016f, ke kter\u00fdm by mohlo doch\u00e1zet p\u0159i zasa\u017een\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch objekt\u016f povodn\u011bmi.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 vyhodnocen\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik bylo zalo\u017eeno na vyu\u017eit\u00ed dvou z\u00e1kladn\u00edch hledisek, podle kter\u00fdch lze dopad povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed kvantifikovat [1]. Z\u00e1kladn\u00edmi hledisky pro v\u00fdb\u011br oblast\u00ed s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem byly zvoleny:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>po\u010det obyvatel pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b dot\u010den\u00fdch povod\u0148ov\u00fdm nebezpe\u010d\u00edm v\u00a0z\u00e1plavov\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00edch podle v\u0161ech dostupn\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f nebezpe\u010d\u00ed (zejm\u00e9na Q<sub>5<\/sub>, Q<sub>20<\/sub>, Q<sub>100<\/sub>), v\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011bru za rok;<\/li>\n<li>hodnota majetku v\u00a0u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edce jak rok (fixn\u00ed aktiva) na zastav\u011bn\u00fdch ploch\u00e1ch a\u00a0p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161ej\u00edc\u00edho do silni\u010dn\u00ed dopravn\u00ed infrastruktury pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b dot\u010den\u00e9ho povod\u0148ov\u00fdm nebezpe\u010d\u00edm v\u00a0z\u00e1plavov\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00edch podle v\u0161ech dostupn\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f nebezpe\u010d\u00ed (zejm\u00e9na Q<sub>5<\/sub>, Q<sub>20<\/sub>, Q<sub>100<\/sub>), v\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011bru za rok.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>D\u00e1le byla zvolena pomocn\u00e1 hlediska, kter\u00e1 slou\u017eila k\u00a0up\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed rozsahu oblast\u00ed s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem po jejich vymezen\u00ed podle z\u00e1kladn\u00edch hledisek p\u0159i nastaven\u00ed krit\u00e9ri\u00ed. Jednalo se o\u00a0n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fadaje:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>povod\u0148ov\u00e9 ohro\u017een\u00ed objekt\u016f, ve\u00a0kter\u00fdch se nakl\u00e1d\u00e1 s\u00a0nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami, a\u00a0maj\u00ed proto potenci\u00e1l zp\u016fsobit havarijn\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vody nebo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed p\u0159i zasa\u017een\u00ed povodn\u00ed s\u00a0dobou opakov\u00e1n\u00ed 100\u00a0let;<\/li>\n<li>povod\u0148ov\u00e9 ohro\u017een\u00ed kulturn\u00edch a\u00a0historick\u00fdch pam\u00e1tek p\u0159i povodni s\u00a0dobou opakov\u00e1n\u00ed 100\u00a0let.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>K\u00a0vlastn\u00edmu vymezen\u00ed oblast\u00ed s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem bylo na z\u00e1klad\u011b testovac\u00edch anal\u00fdz doporu\u010deno pou\u017e\u00edt pro z\u00e1kladn\u00ed hlediska spln\u011bn\u00ed alespo\u0148 jedno z\u00a0uveden\u00fdch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>po\u010det obyvatel dot\u010den\u00fdch povod\u0148ov\u00fdm nebezpe\u010d\u00edm \u2265 25 obyv.\/rok,<\/li>\n<li>hodnota dot\u010den\u00fdch fixn\u00edch aktiv povod\u0148ov\u00fdm nebezpe\u010d\u00edm \u2265 70\u2008mil. K\u010d\/rok.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>P\u0159i\u010dem\u017e do v\u00fdb\u011bru byla zahrnuta v\u0161echna \u00fazem\u00ed m\u011bst a\u00a0obc\u00ed, ve kter\u00fdch byla napln\u011bna alespo\u0148 jedna z\u00a0podm\u00ednek kombinovan\u00e9ho krit\u00e9ria. Za prim\u00e1rn\u00ed oblast s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem je pova\u017eov\u00e1no \u00fazem\u00ed charakterizovan\u00e9 \u00fasekem hlavn\u00edho vodn\u00edho toku vymezen\u00fd \u00fazem\u00edm obce, kde bylo napln\u011bno a\u00a0p\u0159ekro\u010deno uveden\u00e9 krit\u00e9rium. V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee vybran\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u00fazemn\u00ed jednotky spolu nesoused\u00ed, byly spojeny vymezen\u00e9 \u00faseky do jednoho souvislej\u0161\u00edho \u00faseku vodn\u00edho toku bu\u010f na z\u00e1klad\u011b vyhodnocen\u00ed pomocn\u00fdch hledisek, nebo s\u00a0ohledem na praktickou \u0159e\u0161itelnost hydrologick\u00fdch souvislost\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u00fdsledky p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho vyhodnocen\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik<\/h3>\n<p>V\u00fdsledkem anal\u00fdz je vymezen\u00ed \u00fasek\u016f vodn\u00edch tok\u016f a\u00a0tak\u00e9 seznam obc\u00ed, u\u00a0kter\u00fdch jsou povod\u0148ov\u00e1 rizika p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u011b vyhodnocena jako v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 a\u00a0pro kter\u00e9 byly n\u00e1sledn\u011b zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1ny mapy povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed a\u00a0povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik v\u00a0r\u00e1mci \u0161estilet\u00e9ho cyklu p\u0159\u00edprav pl\u00e1n\u016f povod\u00ed a\u00a0pl\u00e1n\u016f pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00a0dob\u011b zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00falohy p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho vyhodnocen\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik byly dostupn\u00e9 \u00fadaje vymezen\u00fdch z\u00e1plavov\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed pro 10\u2009890\u2008km vodn\u00edch tok\u016f, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje cca\u00a067\u00a0% tzv.\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch vodn\u00edch tok\u016f (podle vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky \u010d.\u00a0178\/2012 Sb.). Hlavn\u00edm v\u00fdstupem je p\u0159ehledn\u00e1 mapa d\u00edl\u010d\u00edch povod\u00ed v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice s\u00a0vyzna\u010den\u00fdmi \u00faseky vodn\u00edch tok\u016f, kter\u00e9 charakterizuj\u00ed oblasti s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem (<em>obr.\u00a01<\/em>). Celkov\u00e1 d\u00e9lka \u00fasek\u016f v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch vodn\u00edch tok\u016f v\u00a0oblastech, kde bylo vyhodnoceno povod\u0148ov\u00e9 riziko jako v\u00fdznamn\u00e9, \u010din\u00ed 2\u2009965\u2008km.<\/p>\n<h2>Mapov\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice<\/h2>\n<p>Sm\u011brnice 2007\/60\/ES ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 \u010dlensk\u00fdm st\u00e1t\u016fm pevn\u00fdmi \u010dasov\u00fdmi term\u00edny povinnost postupn\u011b na jejich \u00fazem\u00ed vyhodnotit povod\u0148ov\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed\/riziko a\u00a0tato vyhodnocen\u00ed zpracovat do formy p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho mapov\u00e9ho vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed. Pro tyto \u00fa\u010dely byla v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice p\u0159ipravena Metodika tvorby map povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed a\u00a0povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik [2], jej\u00edm\u017e c\u00edlem je nejen pln\u011bn\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016f sm\u011brnice 2007\/60\/ES, ale tak\u00e9 poskytnut\u00ed kvalitn\u00edch podklad\u016f pro kvalifikovan\u00e9 rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o\u00a0vyu\u017eit\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed v\u00a0r\u00e1mci \u00fazemn\u00edho pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed i\u00a0o\u00a0pot\u0159eb\u00e1ch a\u00a0rozsahu opat\u0159en\u00ed proti vzniku povod\u0148ov\u00fdch \u0161kod.<\/p>\n<p>Podle z\u00e1kona o\u00a0vod\u00e1ch (150\/2010 Sb., \u00a7\u202f64a) vymezuj\u00ed mapy povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by mohla b\u00fdt zaplavena podle r\u016fzn\u00fdch povod\u0148ov\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f. Na map\u00e1ch povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik se pak vyzna\u010d\u00ed potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky povodn\u00ed podle t\u011bchto sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Hodnocen\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho ohro\u017een\u00ed a\u00a0povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho rizika z\u00e1plavov\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed je prov\u00e1d\u011bno pomoc\u00ed tzv.\u00a0metody matice rizika. Tato metoda je jedn\u00edm z\u00a0nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00edch postup\u016f pro hodnocen\u00ed potenci\u00e1ln\u00edho ohro\u017een\u00ed a\u00a0rizika v\u00a0z\u00e1plavov\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00edch. Metoda nevy\u017eaduje kvantitativn\u00ed odhad \u0161kody zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 vyb\u0159e\u017een\u00edm vody z\u00a0koryta, ale vyjad\u0159uje povod\u0148ov\u00e9 riziko pomoc\u00ed zvolen\u00fdch kategori\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Postup metody spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00a0n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch kroc\u00edch:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>kvantifikace povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 v\u00fdpo\u010det intenzity povodn\u011b na z\u00e1klad\u011b hloubek a\u00a0rychlost\u00ed,<\/li>\n<li>stanoven\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho ohro\u017een\u00ed pomoc\u00ed matice rizika,<\/li>\n<li>ur\u010den\u00ed ploch s\u00a0nep\u0159ijateln\u00fdm rizikem.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Mapy povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Tyto mapy zobrazuj\u00ed t\u0159i z\u00e1kladn\u00ed charakteristiky povodn\u011b, a\u00a0to jej\u00ed rozsah (rozliv), hloubky zaplaven\u00ed a\u00a0rychlosti proud\u011bn\u00ed (<em>obr.\u00a02a\u20132c<\/em>) pro zvolen\u00e9 povod\u0148ov\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e (standardn\u011b pro doby opakov\u00e1n\u00ed 5, 20, 100 a\u00a0500\u00a0let). Sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed schematicky nebo modelov\u011b ilustruje potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed rozsah ud\u00e1losti maj\u00edc\u00ed za n\u00e1sledek \u0161kody.<\/p>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-2a.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-3352];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"723\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3233 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-2a.jpg\" alt=\"Stepankova-2a\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-2a.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-2a-300x271.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-2a-768x694.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/723;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr.\u00a02a. Mapa rozsahu povodn\u011b s\u00a0dobou opakov\u00e1n\u00ed 5, 20, 100 a\u00a0500\u00a0let (Q<sub>5<\/sub>, Q<sub>20<\/sub>, Q<sub>100<\/sub>, Q<sub>500<\/sub>)<br \/>\nFig. 2a. Flood extent map for return period 5, 20, 100 a\u00a0500 years (Q<sub>5<\/sub>, Q<sub>20<\/sub>, Q<sub>100<\/sub>, Q<sub>500<\/sub>)<\/h6>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-2b.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-3352];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"722\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3234 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-2b.jpg\" alt=\"Stepankova-2b\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-2b.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-2b-300x271.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-2b-768x693.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/722;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr.\u00a02b. Mapa hloubek a\u00a0bodov\u00fdch rychlost\u00ed (v\u00fdstup 1D modelu) p\u0159i sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i s\u00a0dobou opakov\u00e1n\u00ed 100\u00a0let (Q<sub>100<\/sub>)<br \/>\nFig. 2b. Water depth and flow velocity map (1D model output) for flood with return period 100 years (Q<sub>100<\/sub>)<\/h6>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-2c.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-3352];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"683\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3235 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-2c.jpg\" alt=\"Stepankova-2c\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-2c.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-2c-300x256.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-2c-768x656.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/683;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr.\u00a02c. Mapa rychlost\u00ed pro povod\u0148ov\u00fd sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 s\u00a0dobou opakov\u00e1n\u00ed 100\u00a0let (Q<sub>100<\/sub>)\u00a0\u2013 v\u00fdstup z\u00a02D hydraulick\u00e9ho modelu<br \/>\nFig. 2c. Flow velocity map for flood with return period 100 years (Q<sub>100<\/sub>)\u00a0\u2013 output of 2D model<\/h6>\n<h3>Mapa povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho ohro\u017een\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Povod\u0148ov\u00e9 ohro\u017een\u00ed je vyj\u00e1d\u0159eno jako kombinace pravd\u011bpodobnosti v\u00fdskytu ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edho jevu (povodn\u011b) a\u00a0nebezpe\u010d\u00ed. Stanovuje se ve \u010dty\u0159ech kategori\u00edch plo\u0161n\u011b pro cel\u00e9 zaplavovan\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed bez ohledu na to, jak\u00e1 aktivita se v\u00a0n\u011bm nach\u00e1z\u00ed (<em>obr.\u00a03<\/em>). Pro ka\u017edou z\u00a0t\u011bchto kategori\u00ed existuj\u00ed doporu\u010den\u00e1 pravidla, jak \u00fazem\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edvat (<em>tabulka 1<\/em>). \u010clen\u011bn\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed podle m\u00edry povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho ohro\u017een\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje posoudit vhodnost st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho nebo budouc\u00edho funk\u010dn\u00edho vyu\u017eit\u00ed ploch a\u00a0doporu\u010dit omezen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdch aktivit na ploch\u00e1ch v\u00a0zaplavovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed s\u00a0vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed m\u00edrou povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho ohro\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Tato mapa je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm podkladem pro proces \u00fazemn\u00edho pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed. N\u00e1vrhy na vyu\u017eit\u00ed ploch v\u00a0souladu s\u00a0doporu\u010den\u00edmi v\u00a0<em>tabulce 1<\/em> minimalizuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 povod\u0148ov\u00e9 \u0161kody v\u00a0budoucnu.<\/p>\n<h3>Mapa povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho rizika<\/h3>\n<p>Rozd\u00edl mezi povod\u0148ov\u00fdm ohro\u017een\u00edm a\u00a0povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00a0tom, \u017ee ohro\u017een\u00ed nen\u00ed v\u00e1z\u00e1no na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed objekty (aktivity) v\u00a0zaplavovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00fd objekt (aktivita) v\u00a0zaplavovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed je do ur\u010dit\u00e9 m\u00edry zraniteln\u00fd\/odoln\u00fd v\u016f\u010di projev\u016fm povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed. Jinou m\u00edru zranitelnosti bude m\u00edt \u017eelezobetonov\u00e1 stavba a\u00a0jinou stavba s\u00a0d\u0159ev\u011bnou konstrukc\u00ed. V\u00a0okam\u017eiku, kdy ohro\u017een\u00ed vzt\u00e1hneme ke konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmu objektu v\u00a0zaplavovan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed s\u00a0definovanou zranitelnost\u00ed, hovo\u0159\u00edme o\u00a0mo\u017en\u00e9m povod\u0148ov\u00e9m riziku.<\/p>\n<p>Mapa povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho rizika vznik\u00e1 kombinac\u00ed informac\u00ed o\u00a0povod\u0148ov\u00e9m ohro\u017een\u00ed a\u00a0zranitelnosti objekt\u016f (ploch vyu\u017eit\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed). Vyu\u017eit\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed se stanovuje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u00fazemn\u00edho pl\u00e1nu, pop\u0159.\u00a0pomoc\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch podklad\u016f, jako je geodatab\u00e1ze ZABAGED, ortofoto mapy \u010di ter\u00e9nn\u00ed pr\u016fzkum.<\/p>\n<p>Pro pot\u0159eby sestaven\u00ed mapy povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho rizika je vyu\u017eit\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed rozd\u011bleno do osmi kategori\u00ed: bydlen\u00ed, sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 plochy (bydlen\u00ed + ob\u010dansk\u00e1 vybavenost + drobn\u00e1 v\u00fdroba), ob\u010dansk\u00e1 vybavenost, technick\u00e1 vybavenost, doprava, v\u00fdroba a\u00a0skladov\u00e1n\u00ed, rekreace a\u00a0sport, zele\u0148.<\/p>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-3.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-3352];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"725\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3236 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-3.jpg\" alt=\"Stepankova-3\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-3.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-3-300x272.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-3-768x696.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/725;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr.\u00a03. Mapa povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho ohro\u017een\u00ed<br \/>\nFig. 3. Map of flood threat<\/h6>\n<p>Toto rozd\u011blen\u00ed odpov\u00edd\u00e1 vymezen\u00ed ploch s\u00a0rozd\u00edln\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem vyu\u017eit\u00ed podle \u00a7\u202f4 a\u017e \u00a7\u202f19 vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky \u010d.\u00a0501\/2006 Sb., o\u00a0obecn\u00fdch po\u017eadavc\u00edch na vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed. Podobn\u011b jako v\u00a0\u00fazemn\u00edm pl\u00e1nu jsou plochy, kter\u00e9 vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed kategorie zranitelnosti \u00fazem\u00ed, \u0159e\u0161eny ve t\u0159ech \u010dasov\u00fdch aspektech (ne nutn\u011b jsou u\u00a0v\u0161ech ploch vyu\u017eity v\u0161echny aspekty). Tyto odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e9mu stavu, n\u00e1vrhov\u00fdm ploch\u00e1m a\u00a0ploch\u00e1m v\u00fdhledov\u00fdm. Plochy vyu\u017eit\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed jsou vymezeny na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u00fazemn\u00edch pl\u00e1n\u016f, kter\u00e9 vych\u00e1zej\u00ed z\u00a0katastr\u00e1ln\u00edch map.<\/p>\n<p>Povod\u0148ov\u00e9 riziko se stanovuje pr\u016fnikem informac\u00ed o\u00a0povod\u0148ov\u00e9m ohro\u017een\u00ed a\u00a0zranitelnosti \u00fazem\u00ed. Pro jednotliv\u00e9 kategorie zranitelnosti \u00fazem\u00ed je stanovena m\u00edra p\u0159ijateln\u00e9ho ohro\u017een\u00ed (<em>tabulka 2<\/em>). Mapy povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho rizika pak zobrazuj\u00ed plochy jednotliv\u00fdch kategori\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed, u\u00a0kter\u00fdch je p\u0159ekro\u010dena m\u00edra tohoto p\u0159ijateln\u00e9ho ohro\u017een\u00ed (<em>obr.\u00a04<\/em>). Uvnit\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00e9 takov\u00e9 plochy jsou vyzna\u010deny dosa\u017een\u00e9 hodnoty nep\u0159ijateln\u00e9ho ohro\u017een\u00ed. Takto identifikovan\u00e1 \u00fazem\u00ed p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed exponovan\u00e9 plochy p\u0159i povod\u0148ov\u00e9m nebezpe\u010d\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed jejich vysok\u00e9 zranitelnosti. U\u00a0t\u011bchto ploch je nutn\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed posouzen\u00ed jejich rizikovosti z\u00a0hlediska zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed rizika (sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rizika na p\u0159ijatelnou m\u00edru).<\/p>\n<h5>Tabulka 1. Kategorie ohro\u017een\u00ed a\u00a0doporu\u010den\u00e1 pravidla pro vyu\u017eit\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed do nich spadaj\u00edc\u00ed<br \/>\nTable 1. Categories of flood threat and recommendation of land\u00ad\u2011use<\/h5>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-tabulka1.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-3352];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"941\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3329 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-tabulka1.jpg\" alt=\"Stepankova-tabulka1\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-tabulka1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-tabulka1-255x300.jpg 255w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-tabulka1-768x903.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/941;\" \/><\/a>\n<p>V\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch kategori\u00edch zranitelnosti jsou definov\u00e1ny tzv.\u00a0citliv\u00e9 objekty, kter\u00fdm je t\u0159eba v\u00a0r\u00e1mci posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edry p\u0159ijateln\u00e9ho rizika v\u011bnovat zv\u00fd\u0161enou pozornost. Pat\u0159\u00ed sem nap\u0159.\u00a0objekty se zv\u00fd\u0161enou koncentrac\u00ed obyvatel se specifick\u00fdmi pot\u0159ebami p\u0159i evakuaci, objekty infrastruktury zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed funkce \u00fazem\u00ed, objekty Integrovan\u00e9ho z\u00e1chrann\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, objekty nemovit\u00fdch kulturn\u00edch pam\u00e1tek a\u00a0zdroje zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed (<em>obr.\u00a04<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>V\u0161echny uveden\u00e9 v\u00fdstupy jsou zp\u0159\u00edstupn\u011bny ve\u0159ejnosti od prosince\u00a02013 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm webov\u00e9ho mapov\u00e9ho port\u00e1lu tzv.\u00a0Centr\u00e1ln\u00edho datov\u00e9ho skladu http:\/\/cds.chmi.cz, pop\u0159.\u00a0http:\/\/floodmaps.chmi.cz.<\/p>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-4.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-3352];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"968\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3237 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-4.jpg\" alt=\"Stepankova-4\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-4.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-4-248x300.jpg 248w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-4-768x929.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/968;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr.\u00a04. Mapa povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho rizika<br \/>\nFig. 4. Flood risk map<\/h6>\n<h2>Pl\u00e1ny pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik<\/h2>\n<p>Pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0oblasti vod je zaji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1no prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm pl\u00e1n\u016f povod\u00ed a\u00a0pl\u00e1n\u016f pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik. Tyto koncep\u010dn\u00ed dokumenty jsou podkladem pro v\u00fdkon ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy, zejm\u00e9na pro \u00fazemn\u00ed pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0vodopr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Pl\u00e1ny pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik povod\u00ed jsou po\u0159izov\u00e1ny ve dvou \u00farovn\u00edch (<em>obr.\u00a05<\/em>): pro mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed oblasti povod\u00ed a\u00a0pro \u010d\u00e1sti mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch oblast\u00ed povod\u00ed na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky (pl\u00e1ny pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik [3]). Vzhledem k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee \u010cesk\u00e1 republika geograficky n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed ke t\u0159em mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm oblastem povod\u00ed (Labe, Odra, Dunaj), jsou mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed pl\u00e1ny pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik p\u0159ipravov\u00e1ny v\u00a0r\u00e1mci jednotliv\u00fdch mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch komis\u00ed (Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed komise pro ochranu Labe, Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed komise pro ochranu Odry p\u0159ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm a\u00a0Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed komise pro ochranu Dunaje).<\/p>\n<p>Podkladem pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u016f pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik jsou na \u00farovni pl\u00e1nu d\u00edl\u010d\u00edho povod\u00ed tzv.\u00a0dokumentace oblasti s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem. Dokumentace zahrnuj\u00ed jednu nebo v\u00edce oblast\u00ed s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem. Jednotliv\u00e9 dokumentace jsou v\u017edy sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu d\u00edl\u010d\u00edho povod\u00ed, ke kter\u00e9mu hydrologicky n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed. Dokumentace obsahuj\u00ed popis oblasti, jej\u00ed charakteristiky a\u00a0zejm\u00e9na listy jednotliv\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed s\u00a0jejich podrobn\u00fdm popisem.<\/p>\n<h5>Tabulka 2. P\u0159ijateln\u00e9 ohro\u017een\u00ed pro jednotliv\u00e9 kategorie zranitelnosti \u00fazem\u00ed<br \/>\nTable 2. Acceptable threat for categories of land vulnerability<\/h5>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-tabulka2.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-3352];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"264\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3330 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-tabulka2.jpg\" alt=\"Stepankova-tabulka2\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-tabulka2.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-tabulka2-300x99.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-tabulka2-768x253.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/264;\" \/><\/a>\n<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed pl\u00e1nu pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik jsou kapitoly, kter\u00e9 vyty\u010duj\u00ed c\u00edle a\u00a0popisuj\u00ed souhrny opat\u0159en\u00ed. C\u00edle stanoven\u00e9 v\u00a0r\u00e1mci pl\u00e1n\u016f pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik vych\u00e1zej\u00ed ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edho po\u017eadavku sm\u011brnice 2007\/60\/ES\u00a0\u2013 sn\u00ed\u017eit riziko povodn\u00ed a\u00a0zv\u00fd\u0161it odolnost proti jejich negativn\u00edm \u00fa\u010dink\u016fm na lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed, \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kulturn\u00ed d\u011bdictv\u00ed, hospod\u00e1\u0159skou \u010dinnost a\u00a0infrastrukturu. C\u00edle z\u00e1rove\u0148 respektuj\u00ed a\u00a0navazuj\u00ed na c\u00edle ochrany p\u0159ed povodn\u011bmi uveden\u00e9 v\u00a0p\u0159edchoz\u00edch koncep\u010dn\u00edch dokumentech. V\u00a0souladu se sou\u010dasn\u00fdm pohledem na ochranu p\u0159ed povodn\u011bmi, kter\u00fd je t\u00e9\u017e i\u00a0z\u00e1kladn\u00edm principem sm\u011brnice 2007\/60\/ES, jsou povodn\u011b pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed jev, kter\u00e9mu nelze zcela zabr\u00e1nit. Pl\u00e1ny pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik jsou proto zam\u011b\u0159eny do oblasti zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik\u00a0\u2013 konkr\u00e9tn\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o\u00a03 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed c\u00edle:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>zabr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed vzniku nov\u00e9ho rizika a\u00a0sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rozsahu ploch v\u00a0nep\u0159ijateln\u00e9m riziku,<\/li>\n<li>sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed m\u00edry povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed,<\/li>\n<li>zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed odolnosti obyvatel, objekt\u016f, infrastruktury obc\u00ed a\u00a0ekonomick\u00fdch aktivit v\u016f\u010di negativn\u00edm \u00fa\u010dink\u016fm povodn\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pl\u00e1ny pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik obsahuj\u00ed dva z\u00e1kladn\u00ed typy opat\u0159en\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 obecn\u00e1 a\u00a0konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed. Obecn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed slou\u017e\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k\u00a0prevenci rizik a\u00a0zlep\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159ipravenosti zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povodn\u00ed (nap\u0159.\u00a0vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nebo aktualizace povod\u0148ov\u00fdch pl\u00e1n\u016f \u00fazemn\u00edch celk\u016f, vyu\u017eit\u00ed v\u00fdstup\u016f povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho mapov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00a0\u00fazemn\u00edm pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed, z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a\u00a0modernizace sr\u00e1\u017ekom\u011brn\u00fdch a\u00a0vodom\u011brn\u00fdch stanic, lok\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9 syst\u00e9my\u00a0apod.). Obecn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed jsou uplat\u0148ov\u00e1na ve v\u0161ech obc\u00edch le\u017e\u00edc\u00edch v\u00a0oblastech s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem, tj.\u00a0v\u00a0705\u00a0obc\u00edch (jedna \u201eobec\u201c od 1.\u00a01.\u00a02016 p\u0159estala existovat, oblast s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem Klabava zasahovala i\u00a0na \u00fazem\u00ed zru\u0161en\u00e9ho vojensk\u00e9ho \u00fajezdu Brdy) v\u00a0povod\u00ed Labe, 216 obc\u00edch v\u00a0povod\u00ed Dunaje a 69\u00a0obc\u00edch v\u00a0povod\u00ed Odry.<\/p>\n<p>Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00fdch je celkem navr\u017eeno 52 v\u00a0povod\u00ed Labe, 28\u00a0v\u00a0povod\u00ed Odry a\u00a055 v\u00a0povod\u00ed Dunaje, zahrnuj\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bji v\u00fdstavbu ochrann\u00fdch hr\u00e1z\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b mobiln\u00edch prvk\u016f, such\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed a\u00a0p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b bl\u00edzk\u00fdch protipovod\u0148ov\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1vrhy pl\u00e1n\u016f pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik byly v\u00a0souladu s\u00a0n\u00e1rodn\u00ed a\u00a0evropskou legislativou p\u0159ipraveny ke konci roku 2014 a\u00a0zve\u0159ejn\u011bny k\u00a0p\u0159ipom\u00ednk\u00e1m odborn\u00e9 i\u00a0laick\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 prob\u00edhalo obdob\u00ed pro uplatn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159ipom\u00ednek v\u00a0r\u00e1mci procesu vyd\u00e1n\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u016f pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik opat\u0159en\u00edm obecn\u00e9 povahy a\u00a0procesu posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed vlivu koncepce na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed podle z\u00e1kona \u010d. 100\/2001 Sb., o\u00a0posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed vliv\u016f na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. V\u011bt\u0161ina doru\u010den\u00fdch p\u0159ipom\u00ednek se t\u00fdkala konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch n\u00e1vrh\u016f opat\u0159en\u00ed (a\u0165 ji\u017e n\u00e1vrh\u016f na dopln\u011bn\u00ed, \u010di naopak o\u00a0jejich vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed z\u00a0n\u00e1vrhu pl\u00e1n\u016f) a\u00a0d\u016fsledn\u00e9ho dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed legislativy v\u00a0povod\u0148ov\u00e9 ochran\u011b. V\u0161echny t\u0159i dokumenty na n\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00farovni (Pl\u00e1n pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik v\u00a0povod\u00ed Labe, Pl\u00e1n pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik v\u00a0povod\u00ed Dunaje a\u00a0Pl\u00e1n pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik v\u00a0povod\u00ed Odry) byly schv\u00e1leny vl\u00e1dou \u010cR v\u00a0prosinci 2015. M\u017dP pl\u00e1ny n\u00e1sledn\u011b vydalo opat\u0159en\u00edm obecn\u00e9 povahy. Pl\u00e1ny jsou platn\u00e9 do roku 2021, tj.\u00a0do doby schv\u00e1len\u00ed jejich prvn\u00ed aktualizace, a\u00a0\u0161irok\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti jsou dostupn\u00e9 na adrese http:\/\/www.povis.cz\/html\/pzpr.htm.<\/p>\n<h2>P\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zpr\u00e1v Evropsk\u00e9 komisi<\/h2>\n<p>Evropsk\u00e1 komise po\u017eaduje po jednotliv\u00fdch \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1tech informace o\u00a0pln\u011bn\u00ed \u00fakol\u016f vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch ze sm\u011brnice 2007\/60\/ES prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm zpr\u00e1v, tzv.\u00a0reporting. Tento reporting je t\u0159eba prov\u00e9st v\u017edy do t\u0159\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f od term\u00edn\u016f pln\u011bn\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f. Za cel\u00e9 pl\u00e1novac\u00ed obdob\u00ed tak bylo reportov\u00e1no celkem t\u0159ikr\u00e1t, v\u017edy\u00a0v b\u0159eznu v\u00a0letech 2012, 2014 a\u00a02016.<\/p>\n<p>Informace o\u00a0pln\u011bn\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016f jsou poskytov\u00e1ny prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm datov\u00fdch sad pro ka\u017edou n\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho povod\u00ed, tzn.\u00a0v\u00a0\u010cR za povod\u00ed Labe, Dunaje a\u00a0Odry. Rozsah a\u00a0form\u00e1ty zas\u00edlan\u00fdch dat jsou pro ka\u017edou f\u00e1zi definov\u00e1ny tzv.\u00a0datovou \u0161ablonou. Data jsou zas\u00edl\u00e1na prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm port\u00e1lu Eionet (European Environment Information and Observation Network), kter\u00fd m\u00e1 nastaven\u00fd syst\u00e9m automatick\u00fdch kontrol p\u0159ed\u00e1van\u00fdch dat a\u00a0za ka\u017ed\u00e9 povod\u00ed je po \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9m vlo\u017een\u00ed dat generov\u00e1no potvrzen\u00ed o\u00a0proveden\u00ed reportingu.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00a0r\u00e1mci reportingu p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho vyhodnocen\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik (v\u00a0b\u0159eznu 2012) byly do syst\u00e9mu EK vlo\u017eeny zejm\u00e9na prostorov\u00e9 informace o\u00a0\u00fasec\u00edch vodn\u00edch tok\u016f vymezuj\u00edc\u00edch oblasti s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem, informace o\u00a0metodik\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 slou\u017eily k\u00a0tomuto vymezen\u00ed, a\u00a0d\u00e1le informace o\u00a0minul\u00fdch v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch povodn\u00edch a\u00a0o\u00a0jejich n\u00e1sledc\u00edch na lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed, kulturn\u00ed d\u011bdictv\u00ed, ekonomiku a\u00a0\u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-5.jpg\" rel=\"shadowbox[sbpost-3352];player=img;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"708\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3238 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-5.jpg\" alt=\"Stepankova-5\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-5.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-5-300x266.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Stepankova-5-768x680.jpg 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/708;\" \/><\/a>\n<h6>Obr.\u00a05. Struktura pl\u00e1novac\u00edch dokument\u016f podle Povod\u0148ov\u00e9 sm\u011brnice (v\u00a0z\u00e1vorce po\u010det po\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch dokument\u016f)<br \/>\nFig. 5. Structure of planning documents according to Flood Directive (number of provided documents in brackets)<\/h6>\n<p>V\u00fdsledky mapov\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed a\u00a0povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik (v\u00a0b\u0159eznu 2014) byly reportov\u00e1ny pouze pro sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 se st\u0159edn\u011b vysokou pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed v\u00fdskytu (tzn.\u00a0v\u00a0\u010cR s\u00a0dobou opakov\u00e1n\u00ed 100\u00a0let). Pro tento sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 byly Evropsk\u00e9 komisi poskytnuty n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed informace:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>orienta\u010dn\u00ed po\u010det obyvatel potenci\u00e1ln\u011b zasa\u017een\u00fdch,<\/li>\n<li>jak\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 aktivity jsou dot\u010deny (bydlen\u00ed, infrastruktura, pr\u016fmysl, zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, ostatn\u00ed),<\/li>\n<li>po\u010det dot\u010den\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed podle IPPC (Integrovan\u00e1 prevence a\u00a0omezov\u00e1n\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed),<\/li>\n<li>zda jsou dot\u010deny chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 oblasti uveden\u00e9 v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edloze IV odst.\u00a01, bodech I, III\u00a0a\u00a0V\u00a0sm\u011brnice 2000\/60\/ES o\u00a0vodn\u00ed politice (\u00fazem\u00ed pro odb\u011br vody pro lidskou pot\u0159ebu, koupac\u00ed vody a\u00a0\u00fazem\u00ed Natura 2000 a\u00a0oblasti vymezen\u00e9 pro ochranu stanovi\u0161\u0165).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>P\u0159i reportingu pl\u00e1n\u016f pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik v\u00a0b\u0159eznu 2016 nebyla na rozd\u00edl od obou p\u0159edchoz\u00edch f\u00e1z\u00ed vy\u017eadov\u00e1na \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 prostorov\u00e1 data. Reportov\u00e1ny byly souhrnn\u00e9 texty (Summary), ve kter\u00fdch \u010dlensk\u00e9 zem\u011b popisovaly postupy a\u00a0podm\u00ednky, za jak\u00fdch byla navrhov\u00e1na opat\u0159en\u00ed ke zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik v\u00a0oblastech s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem, a\u00a0sestaveny vlastn\u00ed pl\u00e1ny. Nad r\u00e1mec povinn\u00fdch reporting\u016f po\u017eadovan\u00fdch sm\u011brnic\u00ed 2007\/60\/ES byly je\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0roce 2016 pl\u00e1ny pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik odesl\u00e1ny EK v\u00a0souvislosti s\u00a0po\u017eadavky evropsk\u00e9 dota\u010dn\u00ed politiky.<\/p>\n<h2>Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n<p>Spln\u011bn\u00ed \u00fakol\u016f ulo\u017een\u00fdch sm\u011brnic\u00ed 2007\/60\/ES znamenalo iniciaci procesu zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed princip\u016f t\u00e9to sm\u011brnice do pr\u00e1vn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a\u00a0institucion\u00e1ln\u00edho r\u00e1mce \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. Proces byl p\u0159ipravov\u00e1n ji\u017e v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu roku 2007 v\u00a0gesci M\u017dP. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm p\u0159edpokladem pro pln\u011bn\u00ed \u00fakol\u016f implementace byla v\u010dasn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edprava metodick\u00fdch postup\u016f. N\u00e1vrhem objektivn\u00edho postupu a\u00a0vymezen\u00edm oblast\u00ed s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem pro podm\u00ednky \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky bylo definov\u00e1no zad\u00e1n\u00ed pro n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce na tvorb\u011b podklad\u016f pro v\u00fdsledn\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik. V\u00a0tomto procesu byly vymezeny oblasti s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem, kter\u00e9 zahrnuj\u00ed \u00faseky v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch vodn\u00edch tok\u016f v\u00a0d\u00e9lce t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 3\u2008tis. km.<\/p>\n<p>Pro n\u011b bylo v\u00a0roce 2013 dokon\u010deno mapov\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed a\u00a0povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik. Takto rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd soubor map t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se povod\u0148ov\u00e9 problematiky byl v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice vytvo\u0159en v\u016fbec poprv\u00e9. Za nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdstupy lze pova\u017eovat mapy povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho ohro\u017een\u00ed a\u00a0mapy povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik. Mapy povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho ohro\u017een\u00ed pod\u00e1vaj\u00ed informaci o\u00a0cel\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed dot\u010den\u00e9m jednotliv\u00fdmi sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, tedy i\u00a0mimo urbanizovan\u00e1 \u00fazem\u00ed. Jsou tak vhodn\u00fdm podkladem pro \u00fazemn\u00ed pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed, proto\u017ee umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed posoudit vhodnost budouc\u00edho vyu\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1vrhov\u00fdch ploch. Mapy povod\u0148ov\u00e9ho rizika pak zobrazuj\u00ed ty \u010d\u00e1sti \u00fazem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou vzhledem k\u00a0jejich vysok\u00e9 zranitelnosti ch\u00e1p\u00e1ny jako rizikov\u00e9 z\u00a0hlediska povodn\u00ed. U\u00a0t\u011bchto ploch je nutn\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed posouzen\u00ed jejich rizikovosti z\u00a0hlediska zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed rizika.<\/p>\n<p>Zmi\u0148ovan\u00e9 mapy slou\u017e\u00ed jako podklad pro \u00fazemn\u00ed pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed, integrovan\u00fd z\u00e1chrann\u00fd syst\u00e9m a\u00a0p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na jejich podklad\u011b byly zpracov\u00e1ny dokumentace oblast\u00ed s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem a\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u011b p\u0159ipraveny pl\u00e1ny pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Dokumentace oblast\u00ed s\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm povod\u0148ov\u00fdm rizikem p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed koncepci \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00e9 ochrany v\u00a0dan\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed v\u00a0dlouhodob\u00e9m horizontu. Pl\u00e1ny pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch rizik, schv\u00e1len\u00e9 vl\u00e1dou \u010cR, reprezentuj\u00ed ak\u010dn\u00ed dokument obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1vrhy opat\u0159en\u00ed republikov\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bly b\u00fdt realizov\u00e1ny v\u00a0n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm pl\u00e1novac\u00edm obdob\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The purpose of the Directive 2007\/60\/EC on the Assessment and Management of Flood Risks (Flood Directive) is to prevent or reduce negative consequences of floods by preparing flood risk management plans.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":3231,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[86,88],"tags":[799,674,796,800,785,798,797],"coauthors":[488,756,486],"class_list":["post-3352","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hydraulics-hydrology-and-hydrogeology","category-informatics-cartography-in-water-management","tag-area-with-significant-flood-risk","tag-floods","tag-hazard","tag-maps","tag-planning","tag-risk","tag-threat"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3352","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3352"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3352\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30387,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3352\/revisions\/30387"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3231"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3352"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3352"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3352"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=3352"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}