{"id":3166,"date":"2017-02-10T07:44:39","date_gmt":"2017-02-10T07:44:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/?p=3166"},"modified":"2024-07-16T11:55:50","modified_gmt":"2024-07-16T10:55:50","slug":"interview-with-a-head-of-the-department-of-irrigation-and-landscape-engineering-at-the-faculty-of-civil-engineering-doc-dr-ing-tomas-dostal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/2017\/02\/interview-with-a-head-of-the-department-of-irrigation-and-landscape-engineering-at-the-faculty-of-civil-engineering-doc-dr-ing-tomas-dostal\/","title":{"rendered":"Interview with a head of the Department of Irrigation and Landscape Engineering at the Faculty of Civil Engineering doc. Dr. Ing. Tom\u00e1\u0161 Dost\u00e1l"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/i> This article is available in Czech only. For translation or more information on this topic, please contact author.<\/h4>\n

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Povodn\u011b a\u00a0sucho, dva opa\u010dn\u00e9 klimatick\u00e9 extr\u00e9my. Jak\u00e1 je \u00faloha krajiny v\u00a0jejich zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0jak\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee \u010di by m\u011bla spole\u010dnost realizovat?<\/h4>\n

Tohle je velmi \u010dasto kladen\u00e1 a\u00a0velmi popul\u00e1rn\u00ed ot\u00e1zka, na kterou neexistuje jednoduch\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f. Resp. jednoduch\u00e9 odpov\u011bdi m\u016f\u017eeme sly\u0161et velmi \u010dasto, nicm\u00e9n\u011b v\u00a0takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech se jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0spekulace, manipulace nebo sledov\u00e1n\u00ed vlastn\u00edch c\u00edl\u016f. Krajina m\u00e1 pochopiteln\u011b ve zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed klimatick\u00fdch extr\u00e9m\u016f \u00falohu zcela nezastupitelnou, ale v\u017edy z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na m\u00ed\u0159e dan\u00e9ho jevu. Pokud bude sucho \u010di epizoda vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed povode\u0148 m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, je krajina nepochybn\u011b schopna takov\u00fd v\u00fdkyv vyrovnat, nebo ho alespo\u0148 v\u00fdrazn\u011b tlumit.<\/p>\n

\"\"V\u00a0takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je stav krajiny zcela z\u00e1sadn\u00ed a\u00a0krajina v\u00a0dobr\u00e9m stavu (m\u00edn\u011bno t\u00edm diverzita, dostate\u010dn\u00e9 zastoupen\u00ed zelen\u011b, travn\u00edch porost\u016f\u00a0apod.\u00a0\u2013 zkr\u00e1tka to, co si lid\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed pod pojmem \u201ehezk\u00e1 krajina\u201c) n\u00e1m p\u0159inese velk\u00e9 benefity v\u00a0podob\u011b reten\u010dn\u00ed kapacity. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b, pokud se vyskytnou extr\u00e9mn\u00ed jevy (sr\u00e1\u017eky nebo sucho), vliv stavu krajiny bude rychle vy\u010derp\u00e1n a\u00a0bu\u010f budeme m\u00edt k\u00a0dispozici z\u00e1lohy (voln\u00e9 reten\u010dn\u00ed prostory ve vodn\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch nebo naopak z\u00e1soby vody v\u00a0n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch), nebo budeme \u010delit v\u0161em d\u016fsledk\u016fm povodn\u011b nebo sucha. Je t\u0159eba si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee reten\u010dn\u00ed kapacita krajiny (v\u00a0obou v\u00fdznamech\u00a0\u2013 tedy udr\u017een\u00ed vody pro pokryt\u00ed sucha i\u00a0zachycen\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch odtok\u016f) je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b konstanta, jej\u00ed\u017e velikost je d\u00e1na p\u016fdn\u00edmi charakteristikami, vegetac\u00ed, zp\u016fsobem vyu\u017eit\u00ed i\u00a0moment\u00e1ln\u00edm stavem. V\u00fdznamnost funkce krajiny tak bude klesat se stoupaj\u00edc\u00edm v\u00fdznamem stresoru (povode\u0148 nebo sucho). Dal\u0161\u00ed velmi podstatnou informac\u00ed, kterou jsem vlastn\u011b zm\u00ednil o\u00a0n\u011bkolik \u0159\u00e1dek v\u00fd\u0161e, je i\u00a0to, \u017ee rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edm reten\u010dn\u00edm prostorem v\u00a0krajin\u011b nen\u00ed vegetace, ale p\u016fda. Vegetace a\u00a0zp\u016fsob vyu\u017eit\u00ed krajiny jsou vid\u011bt, stav p\u016fdy na prvn\u00ed pohled nikoliv. Pokud p\u016fda dok\u00e1\u017ee zadr\u017eet spadlou vl\u00e1hu, bude to m\u00edt obrovsk\u00fd vliv. Zde ale opat\u0159en\u00ed nejsou tak efektn\u00ed, jsou dlouhodob\u00e1 a\u00a0jsou velmi slo\u017eit\u00e1\u00a0\u2013 jde zejm\u00e9na o\u00a0sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed utu\u017een\u00ed p\u016fdy, zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed pod\u00edlu organick\u00e9 slo\u017eky, podporu struktury a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed. To nejsou opat\u0159en\u00ed investi\u010dn\u00edho charakteru, kter\u00e1 lze uk\u00e1zat v\u00a0televizi, kolaudovat a\u00a0se sl\u00e1vou prezentovat. Jedn\u00e1 se o\u00a0dlouhodobou pr\u00e1ci ka\u017ed\u00e9ho jednotliv\u00e9ho farm\u00e1\u0159e nebo zkr\u00e1tka vlastn\u00edka jak\u00e9hokoliv pozemku. Tak\u017ee jasn\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f na Va\u0161i ot\u00e1zku? Spole\u010dnost by m\u011bla realizovat vyv\u00e1\u017een\u011b v\u0161echny typy opat\u0159en\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 zvy\u0161ovat diverzitu krajiny, nap\u0159.\u00a0v\u00a0r\u00e1mci pozemkov\u00fdch \u00faprav, chr\u00e1nit p\u016fdu formou osv\u011bty i\u00a0dota\u010dn\u00edch program\u016f a\u00a0v\u00a0neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b budovat poldry i\u00a0vodn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee, a\u00a0to jak mal\u00e9, tak i\u00a0ty velk\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00e1 je situace ve vysok\u00e9m \u0161kolstv\u00ed ve vztahu k\u00a0p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b odborn\u00edk\u016f specializovan\u00fdch na vodu v\u00a0krajin\u011b a\u00a0environment\u00e1ln\u00ed ot\u00e1zky? Pro\u010d je na absolventy oboru \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed (bez rozd\u00edlu na kter\u00e9 vysok\u00e9 \u0161kole jej absolvuj\u00ed) nahl\u00ed\u017eeno odbornou prax\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e negativn\u011b? Nen\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e1 v\u00fduka oboru \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 zam\u011b\u0159ena na ochranu \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed z\u00a0pohledu ekologick\u00e9ho? Zejm\u00e9na \u010cVUT by m\u011bla vychov\u00e1vat odborn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed skloubit ot\u00e1zky ochrany \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed s\u00a0technick\u00fdmi n\u00e1stroji spojen\u00fdmi s\u00a0u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm krajiny.<\/h4>\n

Ano, m\u00e1te pravdu, situace nen\u00ed r\u016f\u017eov\u00e1. Nen\u00ed r\u016f\u017eov\u00e1 obecn\u011b v\u00a0technick\u00fdch oborech, proto\u017ee studenti velmi \u010dasto vol\u00ed k\u00a0z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed diplomu \u201ecestu nejmen\u0161\u00edho odporu\u201c. Dnes je mnohem popul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1t se ekonomem, pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem, filosofem, politologem nebo sociologem, ne\u017e studovat technick\u00e9 obory. Ty nab\u00edzej\u00ed v\u00a0dob\u011b studia pom\u011brn\u011b hodn\u011b pr\u00e1ce, po studiu pak pr\u00e1ci s\u00a0velkou zodpov\u011bdnost\u00ed a\u00a0pouze pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdmi platy. To dnes mnoha uchaze\u010d\u016fm nen\u00ed dost. Nav\u00edc se nach\u00e1z\u00edme v\u00a0dob\u011b popula\u010dn\u011b slab\u00fdch ro\u010dn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n

Voda pat\u0159ila a\u00a0pat\u0159\u00ed na stavebn\u00ed fakult\u011b historicky k\u00a0elitn\u00edm obor\u016fm, i\u00a0dnes je vn\u00edm\u00e1na jako obor t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd. Pokud m\u00e1 student mo\u017enost vystudovat alternativu na jin\u00e9 \u0161kole jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, nelze se mu divit, \u017ee vol\u00ed jinou cestu. Nav\u00edc, abych nekritizoval jen studenty, \u010cVUT jako velk\u00e1, historick\u00e1, \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e1, kamenn\u00e1 univerzita nejde ve sv\u00e9m PR cestou populismu, tedy nepodb\u00edz\u00ed se. T\u00edm ale prohr\u00e1v\u00e1 se \u0161kolami, kter\u00e9 jdou student\u016fm v\u00edce naproti.<\/p>\n

Environment\u00e1ln\u00ed ot\u00e1zky jsou dnes ve spole\u010dnosti velmi \u017ehav\u00e9 a\u00a0\u010dasto kontroverzn\u00ed t\u00e9ma. Obor In\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed (I\u017dP) zakl\u00e1dali p\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 lety na FSv \u010cVUT docenti Vr\u00e1na a\u00a0Rohon. Smyslem bylo vytvo\u0159it absolventa technick\u00e9 univerzity, kter\u00fd bude st\u00e1le technikem (v\u00a0na\u0161em p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b bude m\u00edt titul stavebn\u00edho in\u017een\u00fdra se v\u0161\u00edm, co k\u00a0tomu pat\u0159\u00ed), a\u00a0p\u0159itom bude schopen komunikovat jak n\u00e1zorov\u011b, tak terminologicky s\u00a0absolventy \u0161kol p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdn\u00e9ho zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. Ten c\u00edl se poda\u0159il a\u00a0podle mne praxe vn\u00edm\u00e1 na\u0161e absolventy oboru I\u017dP velmi dob\u0159e. Nach\u00e1zej\u00ed uplatn\u011bn\u00ed a\u00a0jsou cen\u011bni ob\u011bma stranami mimo jin\u00e9 pro to, \u017ee jsou schopni se na probl\u00e9m d\u00edvat nestrann\u011b. V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se sna\u017e\u00edme vytvo\u0159it novou vizi a\u00a0koncept studia oboru I\u017dP tak, aby vyhovoval l\u00e9pe po\u017eadavk\u016fm praxe, kter\u00e9 se za v\u00edce ne\u017e 20\u00a0let trochu posunuly.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00e1 je mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce katedry v\u00a0oblasti vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0v\u00fdzkumu? Kter\u00e9 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed projekty \u0159e\u0161\u00ed Va\u0161e katedra a\u00a0co chyst\u00e1te na nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed obdob\u00ed?<\/h4>\n

Katedra je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed cel\u00e9 univerzity a\u00a0fakulty, co\u017e jsou mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b vysoce uzn\u00e1van\u00e9 instituce s\u00a0vysok\u00fdm ratingem. Sna\u017e\u00edme se tuto pozici nejen vyu\u017e\u00edvat, ale univerzit\u011b i\u00a0vracet t\u00edm, \u017ee v\u00a0dobr\u00e9m \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00edme jej\u00ed jm\u00e9no a\u00a0reputaci. M\u00e1me nav\u00e1zanou celou \u0159adu spoluprac\u00ed a\u00a0\u017eiv\u00fdch kontakt\u016f jak v\u00a0oblasti v\u011bdy a\u00a0v\u00fdzkumu, tak v\u00a0pedagogick\u00e9 rovin\u011b.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0r\u00e1mci pedagogiky na\u0161e katedra p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 studenty jak v\u00a0\u00farovni magistersk\u00e9ho, tak i\u00a0doktorsk\u00e9ho studia ze st\u00e1le v\u00edce zem\u00ed. V\u00a0leto\u0161n\u00edm roce se u\u00a0n\u00e1s vyst\u0159\u00eddali na dvou a\u00a0v\u00edce m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch st\u00e1\u017e\u00edch studenti z\u00a0N\u011bmecka, USA, Braz\u00edlie, Indie, Rakouska a\u00a0\u0160pan\u011blska. Na\u0161e studenty (diplomanty a\u00a0doktorandy) jsme vyslali do USA, Rakouska, N\u011bmecka.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0oblasti v\u00fdzkumu se na\u0161e katedra orientuje jak na nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed partnersk\u00e1 pracovi\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0Rakousku a\u00a0N\u011bmecku, ale i\u00a0v\u00a0Belgii, It\u00e1lii, Francii, Ma\u010farsku, \u0160pan\u011blsku, tak na vzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00ed renomovan\u00e9 instituce p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0USA.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00e1peme, \u017ee \u010cesk\u00e1 republika je sice v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm hr\u00e1\u010dem na poli v\u011bdy a\u00a0v\u00fdzkumu, ale rozlohou i\u00a0po\u010dtem obyvatel je mal\u00e1, tak\u017ee spolupr\u00e1ce p\u0159es hranice je naprosto z\u00e1sadn\u00ed. Nav\u00edc se \u010dlov\u011bku otev\u00edraj\u00ed zcela nov\u00e9 obzory a\u00a0mo\u017enosti, form\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00e1 partnerstv\u00ed se \u010dasem postupn\u011b p\u0159etavuj\u00ed v\u00a0p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed, zkr\u00e1tka mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ci pova\u017euji za skute\u010dn\u011b kl\u00ed\u010dovou pro rozvoj jak lid\u00ed, tak pracovi\u0161t\u011b a\u00a0samoz\u0159ejm\u011b cel\u00e9ho oboru.<\/p>\n

Byli jsme zapojeni do \u0159ady mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch projekt\u016f v\u00a0programech mobility, AKTION, Interreg, Norsk\u00fdch fond\u016f, Americk\u00e9 NSF a\u00a0COST. V\u00a0posledn\u00edch dvou letech jsme ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b podali jako \u010dlenov\u00e9 konsorci\u00ed n\u011bkolik projekt\u016f do sout\u011b\u017e\u00ed HORIZON2020, Central Europe a\u00a0RISE. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee jsme naopak byli \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00ed v\u00a0sout\u011b\u017e\u00edch Interreg SRN a\u00a0DANUBE region. Za v\u00fdznamn\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch je mo\u017eno pova\u017eovat i\u00a0schv\u00e1len\u00fd projekt na podporu student\u016f spole\u010dn\u011b s\u00a0Univerzitou v\u00a0Lincolnu\u00a0\u2013 Nebrasca, USA. Aktu\u00e1ln\u011b \u010dek\u00e1me na rozhodnut\u00ed ohledn\u011b podan\u00fdch projekt\u016f FWF\u00a0\u2013 GA\u010cR podan\u00fd spole\u010dn\u011b s\u00a0kolegy z\u00a0rakousk\u00e9 BOKU a\u00a0d\u00e1le LTA spolupr\u00e1ce s\u00a0USA. V\u00a0pln\u00e9m proudu je pr\u00e1ce i\u00a0na dal\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1vrz\u00edch a\u00a0projektech.<\/p>\n\"\"<\/a>\n

Jak vypad\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce katedry s\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edmi odborn\u00fdmi pracovi\u0161ti? M\u00e1 katedra aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed reakce a\u00a0po\u017eadavky odborn\u00fdch firem? A\u00a0da\u0159\u00ed se tyto po\u017eadavky za\u010dle\u0148ovat do u\u010debn\u00edch pl\u00e1n\u016f?<\/h4>\n

Obecn\u011b vzato\u00a0\u2013 na\u0161e katedra se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 jednak krajinn\u00fdm in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00edm, zde v\u011bt\u0161inou v\u00a0aplikovan\u00e9 podob\u011b, a\u00a0jednak ot\u00e1zkami sr\u00e1\u017eko\u00ad\u2011odtokov\u00fdch vztah\u016f, p\u016fdn\u00ed fyzikou v\u00a0nasycen\u00e9 i\u00a0nenasycen\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b, transportem rizikov\u00fdch l\u00e1tek p\u016fdou a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edmi oblastmi, a\u00a0to zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0oblasti z\u00e1kladn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu. V\u00a0z\u00e1sad\u011b je patrn\u00e9, \u017ee zde nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho prostoru ke spolupr\u00e1ci s\u00a0firmami. Na\u0161imi zadavateli a\u00a0z\u00e1kazn\u00edky jsou sp\u00ed\u0161e st\u00e1tn\u00ed instituce\u00a0\u2013 st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1va, spr\u00e1vci vodn\u00edch tok\u016f,\u00a0apod. Velmi dobrou a\u00a0dlouhodobou spolupr\u00e1ci tak m\u00e1me jednak s\u00a0podniky Povod\u00ed (zejm\u00e9na Vltavy, Labe, Oh\u0159e a\u00a0Moravy), pracovali jsme i\u00a0pro krajsk\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad St\u0159edo\u010desk\u00e9ho kraje. \u00dazce spolupracujeme i\u00a0s\u00a0v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdmi \u00fastavy, nejbl\u00ed\u017ee m\u00e1me k\u00a0V\u00daV a\u00a0V\u00daMOP. Ze soukrom\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed m\u00e1me bl\u00edzk\u00e9 aktivity s\u00a0velk\u00fdmi vodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdmi projek\u010dn\u00edmi firmami VRV,\u00a0a.\u00a0s., a\u00a0SWECO Hydroprojekt,\u00a0a.\u00a0s. Zde m\u016f\u017eeme nab\u00eddnout zejm\u00e9na aplikaci v\u00fdsledk\u016f na\u0161eho v\u00fdzkumu v\u00a0praxi. A\u00a0tak by to asi m\u011blo i\u00a0b\u00fdt, \u017ee?<\/p>\n

Va\u0161e ot\u00e1zka na vyu\u017eit\u00ed zku\u0161enost\u00ed ze spolupr\u00e1ce s\u00a0prax\u00ed ve v\u00fduce je velmi trefn\u00e1. Ano, snahou je, aby u\u010ditel\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ed\u00e1vaj\u00ed znalosti student\u016fm, zejm\u00e9na v\u00a0oblasti aplikovan\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, m\u011bli zku\u0161enosti s\u00a0t\u00edm, co u\u010d\u00ed. Pokud u\u010d\u00edte n\u011bco, co jste nikdy ned\u011blal, je to vid\u011bt a\u00a0studenti to pochopiteln\u011b poznaj\u00ed. Douf\u00e1me, \u017ee se n\u00e1m to da\u0159\u00ed, co\u017e je snad c\u00edtit i\u00a0z\u00a0vcelku pozitivn\u00edho hodnocen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 od student\u016f dost\u00e1v\u00e1me.<\/p>\n

Co je pravdy na soupe\u0159en\u00ed mezi vysok\u00fdmi \u0161kolami \u010di dokonce katedrami jedn\u00e9 fakulty o\u00a0studenty? Jsou n\u011bjak\u00e1 omezen\u00ed, jak se to dot\u00fdk\u00e1 katedry a\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpravy student\u016f?<\/h4>\n

Do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry je to pravda. Jestli\u017ee se v\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed zemi dlouho hl\u00e1sala v\u0161esp\u00e1sn\u00e1 teze o\u00a0\u201eneviditeln\u00e9 ruce trhu bez regulac\u00ed\u201c a\u00a0o\u00a0ekonomick\u00e9 efektivit\u011b, a\u00a0pokud vysok\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed funguje ve snaze o\u00a0maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed zahrnut\u00ed v\u00fdkon\u016f do rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed pen\u011bz, je logick\u00e9, \u017ee zde nast\u00e1v\u00e1 \u201eboj o\u00a0studenta\u201c. Student p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed pen\u00edze a\u00a0je t\u0159eba ho nejen z\u00edskat, ale i\u00a0udr\u017eet. P\u0159itom ka\u017ed\u00e1 \u0161kola balancuje na hran\u011b mezi podb\u00edzen\u00edm se a\u00a0nab\u00eddkami snadno z\u00edskateln\u00fdch diplom\u016f na stran\u011b jedn\u00e9 a\u00a0ztr\u00e1tou presti\u017ee na stran\u011b druh\u00e9. \u010cVUT mysl\u00edm vcelku spr\u00e1vn\u011b v\u00a0tomto balancov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011b\u017e\u00ed ze sv\u00e9ho historick\u00e9ho renom\u00e9 a\u00a0etabluje se do pozice nikoliv jednoduch\u00e9, le\u010d presti\u017en\u00ed technick\u00e9 \u0161koly. T\u00edm si sice udr\u017e\u00ed ty nejlep\u0161\u00ed uchaze\u010de (ty, kte\u0159\u00ed na to maj\u00ed v\u011bdomosti a\u00a0v\u011bd\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011b, za \u010d\u00edm jdou), ztr\u00e1c\u00ed ale ty pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 a\u00a0podpr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed \u010dasto vol\u00ed snadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed cestu k\u00a0diplomu.<\/p>\n

To je cesta, kter\u00e1 v\u00a0\u0159e\u010di absolutn\u00edch \u010d\u00edsel, po\u010dt\u016f student\u016f kamenn\u00e9 kvalitn\u00ed a\u00a0tedy i\u00a0t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 \u0161koly handicapuje. Syst\u00e9m na \u010cVUT bych charakterizoval jako maxim\u00e1ln\u011b liber\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00a0tom smyslu, \u017ee se sna\u017e\u00ed b\u00fdt spravedliv\u00fd ke v\u0161em jeho \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016fm, v\u0161em ponech\u00e1v\u00e1 jejich \u0161ance a\u00a0mo\u017enosti. Sou\u010dasn\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed minimum r\u016fzn\u00fdch omezen\u00ed a\u00a0restrikc\u00ed. Tento syst\u00e9m m\u00e1 pochopiteln\u011b i\u00a0\u0159adu nev\u00fdhod. To by ale bylo na skute\u010dn\u011b dlouhou diskuzi.<\/p>\n

Co se t\u00fd\u010de student\u016f, velmi douf\u00e1m, \u017ee se jich to nijak nedot\u00fdk\u00e1, a\u00a0pokud ano, pak jen pozitivn\u011b, proto\u017ee konkuren\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed nutn\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed tlak na poskytovatele, v\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b na univerzity, fakulty, katedry, oslovit studenty s\u00a0nejlep\u0161\u00ed nab\u00eddkou a\u00a0sv\u00e9 slovo pak i\u00a0dodr\u017eet. A\u00a0jsme zp\u00e1tky u\u00a0toho, jak m\u00e1 vypadat \u201enejlep\u0161\u00ed\u201c nab\u00eddka.<\/p>\n

Co pova\u017eujete za hlavn\u00ed p\u0159ednost Va\u0161eho pracovi\u0161t\u011b? Na co byste nal\u00e1kal budouc\u00ed studenty, aby si vybrali pr\u00e1v\u011b Va\u0161i katedru?<\/h4>\n

To je velmi t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka, proto\u017ee se spr\u00e1vn\u011b \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee samochv\u00e1la smrd\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ale sna\u017e\u00edme se b\u00fdt otev\u0159en\u00e9 a\u00a0modern\u00ed pracovi\u0161t\u011b. Pokr\u00fdv\u00e1me pom\u011brn\u011b \u0161irok\u00fd z\u00e1b\u011br obor\u016f jak v\u00a0z\u00e1kladn\u00edm, tak v\u00a0aplikovan\u00e9m v\u00fdzkumu, jsme relativn\u011b mlad\u00fd t\u00fdm, siln\u011b orientovan\u00fd na spolupr\u00e1ci s\u00a0prax\u00ed a\u00a0se zahrani\u010d\u00edm. Sna\u017e\u00edme se na\u0161e studenty motivovat k\u00a0v\u00fdjezd\u016fm na na\u0161e partnersk\u00e1 zahrani\u010dn\u00ed pracovi\u0161t\u011b. Velmi \u017eiv\u011b se zaj\u00edm\u00e1me o\u00a0mo\u017enosti extern\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce a\u00a0mo\u017enosti z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed extern\u00edch v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch i\u00a0aplika\u010dn\u00edch projekt\u016f. M\u00e1me hodn\u011b aktivn\u00ed experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed jednak stabiln\u00ed experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed plochy, ale i\u00a0v\u00fdjezdy na ter\u00e9nn\u00ed simulace s\u00a0mobiln\u00edm de\u0161\u0165ov\u00fdm simul\u00e1torem. Jsme na \u0161pi\u010dce ve vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed modern\u00edch softwar\u016f, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed ter\u00e9nn\u00edch i\u00a0laboratorn\u00edch technologi\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\nPokud bych m\u011bl charakterizovat studenta, kter\u00e9ho hled\u00e1me, a\u00a0v\u011b\u0159\u00edme, \u017ee m\u00e1me co mu nab\u00eddnout, pak je to p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u011b ambici\u00f3zn\u00ed, samostatn\u00fd a\u00a0schopn\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk, kter\u00fd se neboj\u00ed nepohodl\u00ed a\u00a0p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek, r\u00e1d pracuje v\u00a0t\u00fdmu, nevad\u00ed mu pobyt v\u00a0ter\u00e9nu, p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u011b zvl\u00e1d\u00e1 alespo\u0148 angli\u010dtinu a\u00a0neboj\u00ed se ji pou\u017e\u00edvat a\u00a0je motivov\u00e1n samostatn\u011b \u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9my.<\/p>\n

Katedra m\u00e1 v\u00a0n\u00e1zvu hydromeliorace. V\u00a0souvislosti s\u00a0klimatickou zm\u011bnou se hovo\u0159\u00ed o\u00a0pot\u0159eb\u011b zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vody pro z\u00e1vlahy. Jak vypad\u00e1 situace v\u00a0oblasti z\u00e1vlah v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice? Bude to opravdu probl\u00e9m pro budouc\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blce a\u00a0m\u00e1me na tuto problematiku dostatek odborn\u00fdch kapacit? Pokud byste m\u011bl charakterizovat hlavn\u00ed odborn\u00e9 sm\u011bry, kter\u00fdmi se Va\u0161i studenti zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed, nap\u0159.\u00a0na z\u00e1klad\u011b t\u00e9mat bakal\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch a\u00a0diplomov\u00fdch prac\u00ed, jak\u00e9 sm\u011bry to jsou a\u00a0jak\u00fd je jejich pod\u00edl?<\/h4>\n

Co se n\u00e1zvu katedry t\u00fd\u010de, po roce 1989 jsme n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t dlouze diskutovali, zda slovo hydromeliorace z\u00a0n\u00e1zvu vypustit. To slovo bylo za doby socialistick\u00e9ho hospoda\u0159en\u00ed v\u00a0krajin\u011b zprofanovan\u00e9 stejn\u011b jako mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00a0jin\u00fdch oborech. Bylo d\u00e1v\u00e1no do souvislosti s\u00a0povodn\u011bmi, suchem, meliorace mohly za n\u00edzk\u00e9 nebo naopak vysok\u00e9 stavy zv\u011b\u0159e. Zkr\u00e1tka, hydromeliorace mohly za v\u0161echno. Rozhodli jsme se ten n\u00e1zev zachovat. Doba se uklidnila, lid\u00e9 zjistili, co to slovo vlastn\u011b znamen\u00e1, a\u00a0jak sami \u0159\u00edk\u00e1te, dost mo\u017en\u00e1 v\u00a0bl\u00edzk\u00e9 budoucnosti hydromeliorace p\u0159ijdou op\u011bt ke slovu.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1\u0161 odklon od v\u0161eho spole\u010dn\u00e9ho, dru\u017estevn\u00edho nebo st\u00e1tn\u00edho byl po roce 1989 \u010dasto tak hysterick\u00fd, \u017ee jsme \u0161li proti sv\u011btov\u00e9mu sm\u011bru v\u00fdvoje. Pod\u00edvejme se nap\u0159\u00edklad na z\u00e1vlahov\u00e1 nebo strojn\u00ed dru\u017estva v\u00a0sousedn\u00edm Rakousku (kter\u00e1 mimochodem velmi oce\u0148uj\u00ed na\u0161e \u010derpadla Sigma, kter\u00e1 nakoupila za \u201ehubi\u010dku\u201c z\u00a0na\u0161ich ru\u0161en\u00fdch z\u00e1vlahov\u00fdch \u010derpac\u00edch stanic). Nyn\u00ed postupn\u011b zji\u0161\u0165ujeme, \u017ee ne na v\u0161e sta\u010d\u00ed jeden mal\u00fd nebo st\u0159edn\u00ed farm\u00e1\u0159 a\u00a0\u017ee spol\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed do n\u011bjak\u00e9 formy dru\u017estevn\u00edho vlastnictv\u00ed vlastn\u011b nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt a\u017e tak \u00fapln\u011b \u0161patn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1vlahy za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed b\u00fdt op\u011bt i\u00a0u\u00a0n\u00e1s hork\u00e9 t\u00e9ma. Jsem ale p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00fd, \u017ee se to nebude t\u00fdkat plo\u0161n\u00e9 z\u00e1vlahy b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch poln\u00edch plodin\u00a0\u2013 alespo\u0148 ne v\u00a0brzk\u00e9 dob\u011b. Budeme se soust\u0159e\u010fovat na z\u00e1vlahy speci\u00e1ln\u00edch plodin\u00a0\u2013 chmele, r\u00e9vy, ovoce, zeleniny. A\u00a0v\u00a0tomto sektoru se budou ur\u010dit\u011b uplat\u0148ovat technicky vysp\u011bl\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby\u00a0\u2013 z\u00e1vlaha kapkov\u00e1, mikropost\u0159ik, protimrazov\u00e1. Podle na\u0161ich posledn\u00edch zku\u0161enost\u00ed se ukazuje, \u017ee z\u00e1vlaha je nejpot\u0159ebn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00a0m\u00edstech, kde ve skute\u010dnosti chyb\u00ed voda nejen pro rostliny, ale celkov\u011b v\u00a0povod\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 tedy, i\u00a0pokud by zem\u011bd\u011blec cht\u011bl zavla\u017eovat, chyb\u00ed zdroje vody. Na \u0159ad\u011b lokalit jsme rovn\u011b\u017e narazili na probl\u00e9m s\u00a0kompetencemi a\u00a0synergi\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 tedy zem\u011bd\u011blci by r\u00e1di zavla\u017eovali, ale existuj\u00ed d\u016fvody, kv\u016fli kter\u00fdm rad\u011bji budou volit jin\u00e9 plodiny, proto\u017ee bohu\u017eel velkou slabinou sou\u010dasn\u00e9 podpory je mal\u00e1 prov\u00e1zanost a\u00a0informovanost jednotliv\u00fdch sektor\u016f. Opat\u0159en\u00ed, podpora, stimulace a\u00a0regulace jdou toti\u017e \u010dasto u\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch rezort\u016f proti sob\u011b. Paradoxn\u011b, v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti podstatn\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1jem o\u00a0z\u00e1vlahy na na\u0161em pracovi\u0161ti generuj\u00ed automatizovan\u00e9 z\u00e1vlahov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my sportovi\u0161\u0165, zahrad a\u00a0park\u016f ne\u017e klasick\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 z\u00e1vlahy. Zde prob\u00edh\u00e1 intenzivn\u00ed v\u00fdvoj (sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e v\u00fdzkum). Jak roste \u017eivotn\u00ed standard, roste i\u00a0pot\u0159eba zavla\u017eovat z\u00a0estetick\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f. Ale uvid\u00edme, co p\u0159inese budoucnost. Ve h\u0159e je mnohem v\u00edc, ne\u017e jen nutnost nebo mo\u017enost dok\u00e1zat zal\u00edt n\u011bjakou rostlinu. Do hry vstupuj\u00ed glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ceny energi\u00ed, uprchlick\u00e9 vlny, touha 75\u00a0% obyvatel zem\u011b po nasycen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 mohou zcela p\u0159ev\u00e1lcovat relativn\u011b pomalu prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed zm\u011bny klimatu. A\u00a0je dost mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee v\u00a0dohledn\u00e9 dob\u011b budeme \u010delit nutnosti st\u00e1t se op\u011bt potravinov\u011b zcela sob\u011bsta\u010dn\u00fdmi, a\u00a0mo\u017en\u00e1 se potraviny stanou jednou z\u00a0kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch komodit a\u00a0v\u00a0takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se popt\u00e1vka po z\u00e1vlaze plodin v\u00a0\u010cR dostane do \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e9ho \u00fahlu pohledu.<\/p>\n

Jak jsem ji\u017e zmi\u0148oval, jako pracovi\u0161t\u011b m\u00e1me velkou snahu spolupracovat s\u00a0prax\u00ed, a to v\u00a0takov\u00e9m rozsahu, v\u00a0jak\u00e9m to v\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed specializaci jde, a\u00a0sna\u017e\u00edme se zapojovat do takov\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce i\u00a0studenty. Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee se n\u00e1m to celkem da\u0159\u00ed a\u00a0studenty bav\u00ed pracovat na projektech, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00fd re\u00e1ln\u00fd dopad. Stejn\u011b tak student\u016fm umo\u017e\u0148ujeme, aby si p\u0159inesli na diplomov\u00e9 projekty vlastn\u00ed t\u00e9ma z\u00a0lokality, kterou znaj\u00ed a\u00a0kde je o\u00a0\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1jem. V\u0161eobecn\u011b se jedn\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na o\u00a0z\u00e1le\u017eitosti t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se budov\u00e1n\u00ed mal\u00fdch vodn\u00edch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed, revitalizace vodn\u00edch tok\u016f, studie sr\u00e1\u017eko\u00ad\u2011odtokov\u00fdch pom\u011br\u016f, protipovod\u0148ovou ochranu mal\u00fdch obc\u00ed a\u00a0s\u00eddel, n\u00e1vrhy protierozn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed, vyu\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1stroj\u016f GIS a\u00a0DPZ v\u00a0ochran\u011b a\u00a0organizaci povod\u00ed, ale i\u00a0pr\u00e1ce v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho charakteru zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na p\u016fdn\u00ed fyziku, pr\u016fsaky l\u00e1tek p\u016fdou, vyu\u017eit\u00ed nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00edch technologii (nap\u0159\u00edklad po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 tomografie) pro popis vlastnost\u00ed p\u016fdy nebo v\u00fdvoj a\u00a0testov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo matematick\u00fdch model\u016f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Interview with a head of the Department of Irrigation and Landscape Engineering at the Faculty of Civil Engineering doc. Dr. Ing. By Tom\u00e1\u0161 Dost\u00e1l on the topic of universities and recruitment of students, floods and droughts.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":30370,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[121,542,753,120],"coauthors":[2416],"class_list":["post-3166","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-from-the-world-of-water-management","tag-drought","tag-flood","tag-hydromelioration","tag-interview"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3166","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3166"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3166\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30373,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3166\/revisions\/30373"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30370"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3166"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3166"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3166"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=3166"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}