{"id":2532,"date":"2016-10-06T13:04:46","date_gmt":"2016-10-06T13:04:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/?p=2532"},"modified":"2024-07-16T11:43:34","modified_gmt":"2024-07-16T10:43:34","slug":"interview-with-rndr-jan-danhelka-ph-d-deputy-of-hydrology-from-the-czech-hydrometeorological-institute","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/2016\/10\/interview-with-rndr-jan-danhelka-ph-d-deputy-of-hydrology-from-the-czech-hydrometeorological-institute\/","title":{"rendered":"Interview with RNDr. Jan Da\u0148helka, Ph.D., Deputy of Hydrology from the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/i> This article is available in Czech only. For translation or more information on this topic, please contact author.<\/h4>\n

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Nakolik lze pova\u017eovat projevy zm\u011bny klimatu na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky za z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9?<\/h4>\n

Nejd\u0159\u00edve je t\u0159eba si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee vyhodnocen\u00ed klimatick\u00e9ho re\u017eimu nelze d\u011blat na z\u00e1klad\u011b jednoho roku, ale p\u0159i srovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed del\u0161\u00edch obdob\u00ed. V\u00a0klimatologii se v\u011bt\u0161inou pracuje s\u00a0t\u0159icetilet\u00fdm obdob\u00edm, pro n\u011b\u017e se vyhodnocuj\u00ed norm\u00e1ly a\u00a0dlouhodob\u00e9 pr\u016fm\u011bry. Pokud bychom ale cht\u011bli vyhodnotit, zda a\u00a0jak se m\u011bn\u00ed re\u017eim v\u00fdskytu extr\u00e9mn\u00edch jev\u016f, a\u00a0zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b to plat\u00ed u\u00a0povodn\u00ed, tak nevysta\u010d\u00edme ani s\u00a0t\u011bmi t\u0159iceti lety a\u00a0pot\u0159ebovali bychom pro p\u0159ijet\u00ed seri\u00f3zn\u00edch a\u00a0robustn\u00edch z\u00e1v\u011br\u016f je\u0161t\u011b del\u0161\u00ed \u0159ady pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Z\u00a0pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee se jednozna\u010dn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161ila teplota vzduchu. Nap\u0159\u00edklad po\u010det m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou vyhodnoceny jako teplotn\u011b podpr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9, je minim\u00e1ln\u00ed. Naopak v\u00a0obdob\u00ed let 1994 a\u017e 2013 u\u00a0n\u00e1s celkem napr\u0161elo asi o\u00a0820\u2008mm, tedy o\u00a06\u00a0% v\u00edce, ne\u017e by odpov\u00eddalo pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 hodnot\u011b. Dvacet let jsme tedy \u017eili v\u00a0teplej\u0161\u00edm a\u00a0vlh\u010d\u00edm obdob\u00ed s\u00a0n\u011bkolika povodn\u011bmi. Domn\u00edv\u00e1m se v\u0161ak, \u017ee v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b sr\u00e1\u017eek nejsme v\u00a0tuto chv\u00edli schopni \u0159\u00edci, zda jde o\u00a0p\u0159irozen\u00fd v\u00fdkyv, kter\u00fdch v\u00a0minulosti byla cel\u00e1 \u0159ada, nebo po\u010d\u00e1tek trval\u00e9 zm\u011bny.<\/p>\n

Mimochodem z\u00a0hlediska hydrologick\u00e9 bilance jsou to velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 skute\u010dnosti. Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed teplota znamen\u00e1 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed evapotranspiraci a\u00a0ta zat\u00edm byla, zd\u00e1 se, do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry kompenzov\u00e1na v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00edm sr\u00e1\u017eek. Co se stane, pokud se sr\u00e1\u017eky navr\u00e1t\u00ed k\u00a0norm\u00e1lu? Naroste negativn\u00ed bilance a\u00a0vody v\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00e1stech vodn\u00edho cyklu, v\u00a0toc\u00edch, v\u00a0p\u016fd\u011b, v\u00a0podzem\u00ed z\u00e1konit\u011b ubyde.<\/p>\n

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Jak\u00e9 jsou nyn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed d\u016fsledky t\u00e9to zm\u011bny ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0historick\u00fdmi hydrologick\u00fdmi ud\u00e1lostmi na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky?<\/h4>\n

Popravd\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, pokud jde o\u00a0hydrologick\u00e9 extr\u00e9my, tak p\u0159i pozorn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pohledu do minulosti zat\u00edm dok\u00e1\u017eeme pro sou\u010dasn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti naj\u00edt analogie\u00a0\u2013 n\u011bkter\u00e9 byly stejn\u011b velk\u00e9, nebo je\u0161t\u011b extr\u00e9mn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad o\u00a0n\u011bco del\u0161\u00ed epizoda p\u0159\u00edvalov\u00fdch povodn\u00ed podobn\u00e1 roku 2009 n\u00e1s postihla v\u00a0roce 1875, extr\u00e9mn\u00ed sucho podobn\u00e9 2015 za\u017eili na\u0161i p\u0159edci nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0letech 1947 \u010di 1874. I\u00a0k\u00a0povodni 2002 nalezneme analogii, kter\u00e1 poch\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0roku 1432.<\/p>\n

Pokud jde o\u00a0sr\u00e1\u017eky, pak nep\u0159ekonan\u00e9 extr\u00e9my denn\u00edch sr\u00e1\u017eek jsou z\u00a0\u010dervence\u00a01897, kdy v\u00a0Jizersk\u00fdch hor\u00e1ch napadlo 345\u2008mm. Uv\u00e1d\u00ed se, \u017ee p\u0159i zn\u00e1m\u00e9 povodni 1872 v\u00a0povod\u00ed Berounky v\u00a0Mladotic\u00edch napr\u0161elo 232\u2008mm za 90\u00a0minut. Tento \u00fadaj sice nen\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fd, ale v\u00fdsledn\u00e1 povode\u0148 na neobvykl\u00e9 sr\u00e1\u017eky ukazuje. Naopak pokud jde o\u00a0teploty, velk\u00fd po\u010det denn\u00edch rekordn\u00edch maxim i\u00a0absolutn\u00ed zm\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 maximum 40,4\u2008\u00b0C poch\u00e1z\u00ed z\u00a0posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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Do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry se potvrzuj\u00ed zm\u011bny sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f klimatu a\u00a0kter\u00fd z\u00a0\u0159ady sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f se v\u00a0tuto chv\u00edli jev\u00ed jako nejpravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed?<\/h4>\n

Jednou z\u00a0charakteristik projekc\u00ed zm\u011bny klimatu je skute\u010dnost, \u017ee jednotliv\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e se za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed vz\u00e1jemn\u011b rozb\u00edhat a\u017e pozd\u011bji v\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu 21. stolet\u00ed, tak\u017ee pozorovan\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh \u0159ad hydrometeorologick\u00fdch prvk\u016f zat\u00edm nem\u016f\u017ee slou\u017eit jako potvrzen\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnosti n\u011bkter\u00e9ho sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e \u010di sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f. Nav\u00edc\u00a0pokud bychom se zam\u011b\u0159ili na na\u0161e \u00fazem\u00ed, pak plat\u00ed, \u017ee klimatick\u00e9 modely zat\u00edm nedok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed dost v\u011brn\u011b fyzik\u00e1ln\u011b reprodukovat \u0159adu prvk\u016f a\u00a0jev\u016f v\u00a0region\u00e1ln\u00edm a\u00a0lok\u00e1ln\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku, plat\u00ed to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro sr\u00e1\u017eky, ale t\u0159eba i\u00a0pro vlhkost vzduchu nebo rychlost v\u011btru. V\u00fdsledky jejich simulac\u00ed jsou proto \u201eopravov\u00e1ny\u201c statistick\u00fdmi postupy, aby odpov\u00eddaly pravd\u011bpodobnosti pozorovan\u00fdch dat v\u00a0referen\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00ed, a\u00a0pro sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e budouc\u00edch zm\u011bn se uva\u017euje sp\u00ed\u0161e s\u00a0relativn\u00edmi rozd\u00edly mezi simulacemi. To je postup akceptovateln\u00fd pro klimatologii, ale pro hydrologii znamen\u00e1 \u0159adu probl\u00e9m\u016f. A\u00a0to hlavn\u011b v\u00a0podob\u011b naru\u0161en\u00ed fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho mechanismu vodn\u00ed a\u00a0energetick\u00e9 bilance. Abych to oz\u0159ejmil, pokud nap\u0159\u00edklad model simuluje m\u00e9n\u011b sr\u00e1\u017eek ne\u017e ve skute\u010dnosti pad\u00e1, bude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b simulovat i\u00a0men\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdpar a\u00a0t\u00edm men\u0161\u00ed vlhkost vzduchu a\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u011b jinou teplotu vzduchu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zp\u011btn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje simulaci v\u00fdparu. Ka\u017ed\u00fd z\u00a0t\u011bch prvk\u016f dok\u00e1\u017eeme statisticky korigovat, ale takov\u00e1 korekce nezaru\u010duje, \u017ee budou po korekci d\u00e1vat smysl i\u00a0jejich vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 vazby. V\u00a0tomto ohledu je p\u0159ed oborem klimatick\u00e9ho modelov\u00e1n\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b spousta pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n

No a\u00a0aby toho nebylo m\u00e1lo, tak v\u00a0na\u0161ich geografick\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch jsou p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00e9 zm\u011bny sr\u00e1\u017eek velmi nejist\u00e9, na severu Evropy by m\u011bly sp\u00ed\u0161e nar\u016fstat, na jihu sp\u00ed\u0161e klesat, my jsme v\u00a0p\u0159echodov\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b s\u00a0velmi nejist\u00fdm trendem. \u010cili opravdu nedok\u00e1\u017eeme nyn\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00fd sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 zcela potvrdit \u010di vylou\u010dit.<\/p>\n

\"rozhovor-1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

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Kter\u00e1 \u00fazem\u00ed jsou z\u00a0hlediska projev\u016f hydrologick\u00fdch extr\u00e9m\u016f nejohro\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00ed?<\/span><\/h4>\n

Podle mne v\u00a0tomto hraj\u00ed roli dva faktory. P\u0159edn\u011b, \u010d\u00edm podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko pou\u017eijeme, t\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed je riziko potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch dopad\u016f. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, pokud se budeme d\u00edvat na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed lokalitu, tak relativn\u00ed dopad jak\u00fdchkoliv zm\u011bn, ale i\u00a0p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed zde bude v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v\u00a0m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku cel\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu. A\u00a0za druh\u00e9, nejohro\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou ty oblasti, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e dnes vykazuj\u00ed ohro\u017een\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdmi projevy p\u016fsoben\u00ed klimatu na krajinu, vodn\u00ed cyklus \u010di spole\u010dnost. Pokud bych m\u011bl b\u00fdt konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed, uvedl bych dva p\u0159\u00edpady. Prvn\u00edm z\u00a0nich je \u010dasto zmi\u0148ovan\u00e9 Rakovnicko, kde se ji\u017e dnes projevuje nedostatek vody v\u00a0d\u016fsledku velmi negativn\u00ed bilance sr\u00e1\u017eek a\u00a0v\u00fdparu. V\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst teploty p\u0159i stejn\u00fdch nebo i\u00a0jen o\u00a0m\u00e1lo men\u0161\u00edch sr\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1ch m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt kritick\u00fd pro u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed vody \u010di n\u011bkter\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my, proto\u017ee u\u017e nyn\u00ed jsme zde s\u00a0vodou tak\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc na hran\u011b.<\/p>\n

Druh\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem jsou m\u011bstsk\u00e9 aglomerace, kde je p\u0159i letn\u00edch vln\u00e1ch veder teplota v\u00fdrazn\u011b zvy\u0161ov\u00e1na m\u011bstsk\u00fdm tepeln\u00fdm ostrovem, nedostatkem zelen\u011b, vodn\u00edch prvk\u016f a\u00a0p\u0159em\u00edrou asfaltu. Jak\u00e1koliv zm\u011bna v\u00a0extr\u00e9mu teploty \u010di p\u0159\u00edvalov\u00fdch sr\u00e1\u017eek zde znamen\u00e1 negativn\u00ed dopady na zdrav\u00ed obyvatel nebo na odvod vody kanalizac\u00ed, nav\u00edc vzhledem k\u00a0velk\u00e9 koncentraci lid\u00ed a\u00a0aktivit je zde pochopiteln\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zranitelnost.<\/p>\n

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P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1te, \u017ee sou\u010dasn\u00e9 relativn\u011b m\u00edrn\u00e9 zimy a\u00a0hork\u00e1 such\u00e1 l\u00e9ta budou jedn\u00edm z\u00a0typick\u00fdch projev\u016f klimatu a\u00a0budou nast\u00e1vat pravideln\u011b?<\/h4>\n

Podle mne jsou pr\u00e1v\u011b uveden\u00e9 dva jevy t\u011bmi nejpravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi projevy zm\u011bny klimatu. Pokud jde o\u00a0m\u00edrn\u00e9 zimy, pak je jednozna\u010dn\u011b zm\u011bna vid\u011bt t\u0159eba ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm 19. stolet\u00edm. Tehdej\u0161\u00ed zimy byly chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, trvaly d\u00e9le a\u00a0p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ely \u010dasto mno\u017estv\u00ed sn\u011bhu i\u00a0do ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch poloh, toky zamrzaly mohutnou vrstvou ledu. V\u00fdsledkem byly \u010dast\u00e9 velk\u00e9 jarn\u00ed povodn\u011b. T\u0159eba Vltava v\u00a0Praze za\u017eila stoletou jarn\u00ed povode\u0148 v\u00a0letech 1845 a\u00a01862. Od t\u00e9 doby do\u0161lo k\u00a0jasn\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b, kdy ty nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed povodn\u011b se zde vyskytuj\u00ed v\u00a0letn\u00edm obdob\u00ed, jmenujme \u201estolet\u00e9\u201c povodn\u011b 1890 a\u00a02002. Velk\u00e9 zimn\u00ed povodn\u011b jsou dnes zkr\u00e1tka m\u00e9n\u011b pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, co\u017e mimochodem ukazuje na skute\u010dnost, \u017ee riziko povodn\u00ed m\u00e1 smysl \u0159e\u0161it i\u00a0v\u00a0kontextu ro\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed a\u00a0v\u016fbec konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho \u010dasu, uv\u011bdomme si nap\u0159\u00edklad, \u017ee \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed n\u00e1sledk\u016f povodn\u011b v\u00a0\u00fanoru \u010di b\u0159eznu je jin\u00e9 ne\u017e v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b, pot\u0159ebami evakuovan\u00fdch po\u010d\u00ednaje, riziky druhotn\u00fdch dopad\u016f na zdrav\u00ed t\u0159eba\u00a0v\u00a0podob\u011b prochladnut\u00ed a\u00a0nap\u0159\u00edklad rychlost\u00ed vysou\u0161en\u00ed objekt\u016f kon\u010de.<\/p>\n

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Kter\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed jsou z\u00a0hlediska zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed dopad\u016f hydrologick\u00fdch extr\u00e9m\u016f podle va\u0161eho n\u00e1zoru nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed?<\/h4>\n

Nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 jsou \u0159e\u0161ena komplexn\u011b v\u00a0kontextu cel\u00e9ho povod\u00ed. Mus\u00ed tedy j\u00edt o\u00a0vhodnou kombinaci p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b bl\u00edzk\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed v\u00a0krajin\u011b, technick\u00e9 ochrany s\u00eddel a\u00a0zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed prevence a\u00a0p\u0159ipravenosti, nap\u0159.\u00a0v\u00a0podob\u011b pl\u00e1n\u016f \u010di p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u00ed a\u00a0v\u00fdstrah. \u0158ada v\u011bc\u00ed se ud\u011blala v\u00a0minulosti d\u00e1vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed i\u00a0ned\u00e1vn\u00e9, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed deficit tak v\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b povodn\u00ed vid\u00edm ve stavu p\u016fdy a\u00a0krajiny a\u00a0jej\u00ed schopnosti vsakovat a\u00a0zadr\u017eovat vodu a\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1le nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 schopnosti j\u00edt vod\u011b z\u00a0cesty tam, kde se vyl\u00e9v\u00e1 a\u00a0vyl\u00e9vat v\u017edy bude. Po\u0159\u00e1d stav\u00edme nov\u00e9 objekty v\u00a0z\u00e1plavov\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed, m\u00edsto abychom z\u00a0n\u011bj existuj\u00edc\u00ed objekty sp\u00ed\u0161e odstra\u0148ovali.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b sucha je to trochu n\u011bco jin\u00e9ho, tam m\u00e1me rezervy mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed. P\u0159edn\u011b je t\u0159eba si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee na zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed sucha v\u00a0p\u016fd\u011b a\u00a0v\u00a0krajin\u011b je t\u0159eba hledat trochu jin\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed ne\u017e na zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vody v\u00a0toc\u00edch a\u00a0n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch. Nav\u00edc tady nem\u00e1me ani \u00fapln\u011b jasno z\u00a0hlediska pl\u00e1nu, prevence a\u00a0p\u0159ipravenosti, tak\u017ee je jedin\u011b dob\u0159e, \u017ee se v\u00a0tomto ohledu za\u010daly h\u00fdbat ledy a\u00a0sucho se dostalo do pov\u011bdom\u00ed nejen vodohospod\u00e1\u0159\u016f, ale i\u00a0politik\u016f, m\u00e9di\u00ed a\u00a0ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/p>\n

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V\u00a0jak\u00fdch oblastech by \u010cHM\u00da m\u011bl rozv\u00edjet svoje aktivity v\u00a0n\u00e1vaznosti na prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed zm\u011bny klimatu?<\/h4>\n

Roger Pulwarty z\u00a0americk\u00e9 NOAA v\u00a0jedn\u00e9 sv\u00e9 prezentaci uvedl, \u017ee dlouhodob\u00fd monitoring je nezbytn\u00fdm p\u0159edpokladem pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. To si mysl\u00edm velmi dob\u0159e vystihuje i\u00a0roli \u010cHM\u00da. Tedy z\u00e1sadn\u00edm \u00fakolem pro n\u00e1s je udr\u017eet kontinuity pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed hydrometeorologick\u00fdch prvk\u016f tak, abychom v\u016fbec dok\u00e1zali variabilitu a\u00a0zm\u011bnu klimatu identifikovat, popsat a\u00a0vyhodnotit. A\u00a0na to navazuj\u00ed v\u0161echny na\u0161e dal\u0161\u00ed \u00falohy v\u010detn\u011b zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed hodnot n\u00e1vrhov\u00fdch pr\u016ftok\u016f a\u00a0zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdn\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00e9 slu\u017eby a\u00a0v\u00fdstrah. V\u0161echny obory \u010dinnosti se sna\u017e\u00edme postupn\u011b zdokonalovat a\u00a0rozv\u00edjet, proto\u017ee je vid\u00edme jako nutnost pro adaptace nejen z\u00a0hlediska zm\u011bny klimatu, ale jako nezbytn\u00e9 i\u00a0pro adaptace p\u0159i sou\u010dasn\u00e9m stavu. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 si \u00fapln\u011b nespojuj\u00ed to, \u017ee na\u0161e snaha zlep\u0161it povod\u0148ovou ochranu \u010di zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed sucha je vlastn\u011b klimatick\u00e1 adaptace. Ale je to tak, \u017ee ani na sou\u010dasn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky nejsme pln\u011b adaptov\u00e1ni, tedy povodn\u011b, kdy\u017e se vyskytnou, tak p\u016fsob\u00ed \u0161kody, sucho m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 sv\u00e9 dopady. V\u00fdhoda je, \u017ee cokoliv d\u011bl\u00e1me pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho stavu, automaticky pom\u00e1h\u00e1 i\u00a0p\u0159i zm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e9m klimatu a\u00a0nen\u00ed t\u0159eba tak na\u0161e aktivity v\u00a0tomto smyslu n\u011bjak rozd\u011blovat nebo ch\u00e1pat odd\u011blen\u011b.<\/p>\n

Ale abych uvedl n\u011bco konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho, tak osobn\u011b se domn\u00edv\u00e1m, \u017ee potenci\u00e1l pro rozvoj je v\u00a0oblasti pravd\u011bpodobnostn\u00edch sezonn\u00edch predikc\u00ed a\u00a0jejich dopad\u016f v\u00a0oblasti hospoda\u0159en\u00ed s\u00a0vodou.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry zapadaj\u00ed kroky \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky do\u00a0celosv\u011btov\u00e9 adapta\u010dn\u00ed politiky?<\/h4>\n

V\u00a0r\u00e1mci c\u00edl\u016f udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho rozvoje OSN jsou pro n\u00e1s relevantn\u00ed zejm\u00e9na adaptace v\u016f\u010di p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm katastrof\u00e1m spojen\u00fdm s\u00a0klimatem, implementace aktivit do n\u00e1rodn\u00edch politik a\u00a0zlep\u0161en\u00ed osv\u011bty. Tak\u017ee to jsou p\u0159esn\u011b oblasti, kam logicky sm\u011b\u0159uje i\u00a0\u00fasil\u00ed na n\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00farovni. Mimochodem v\u00a0lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce vl\u00e1da schv\u00e1lila Strategii p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed se zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu a\u00a0nyn\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed N\u00e1rodn\u00edho adapta\u010dn\u00edho pl\u00e1nu. V\u00a0jeho r\u00e1mci jsou v\u0161echny v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 aspekty reflektov\u00e1ny a\u00a0nav\u00edc ze \u010dty\u0159 tematick\u00fdch pracovn\u00edch skupin, kter\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1valy podklady pro pl\u00e1n, byla jedna zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 na sucho, jedna na povodn\u011b a\u00a0jedna na dal\u0161\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u00ed jevy. Tedy je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee vn\u00edm\u00e1me vodu jako st\u011b\u017eejn\u00ed faktor p\u016fsoben\u00ed klimatu na na\u0161i spole\u010dnost, a\u00a0to je mysl\u00edm dob\u0159e.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Interview on the topic of climate change and climate scenarios with RNDr. Jan Da\u0148helka, Ph.D., Deputy of Hydrology from the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":2492,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[591,96,586,120],"coauthors":[73],"class_list":["post-2532","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-from-the-world-of-water-management","tag-chmi","tag-climate-change","tag-climate-scenarios","tag-interview"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2532","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2532"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2532\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30351,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2532\/revisions\/30351"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2492"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2532"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2532"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2532"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=2532"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}