{"id":2300,"date":"2016-08-08T09:57:34","date_gmt":"2016-08-08T09:57:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/?p=2300"},"modified":"2024-07-16T11:38:35","modified_gmt":"2024-07-16T10:38:35","slug":"process-of-evaluation-of-runoff-conditions-and-determination-of-design-flows-in-the-project-strategy-for-protection-against-the-negative-impacts-of-floods-and-erosion-events-by-nature%c2%adfriendly-me","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/2016\/08\/process-of-evaluation-of-runoff-conditions-and-determination-of-design-flows-in-the-project-strategy-for-protection-against-the-negative-impacts-of-floods-and-erosion-events-by-nature%c2%adfriendly-me\/","title":{"rendered":"Process of evaluation of runoff conditions and determination of design flows in the project Strategy for protection against the negative impacts of floods and erosion events by nature\u00adfriendly measures in the Czech Republic"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/i> This article is available in Czech only. For translation or more information on this topic, please contact author.<\/h4>\n

Souhrn<\/h2>\n

Projekt Strategie ochrany p\u0159ed negativn\u00edmi dopady povodn\u00ed a erozn\u00edmi jevy p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b bl\u00edzk\u00fdmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice \u0159e\u0161\u00ed komplexn\u011b mo\u017enosti zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed retence vody v\u00a0krajin\u011b. P\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek stru\u010dn\u011b popisuje dva z\u00a0n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro anal\u00fdzy a\u00a0n\u00e1vrhy: pou\u017eit\u00ed metody CN k\u0159ivek a\u00a0sr\u00e1\u017ekoodtokov\u00e9 modelov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u00davod<\/h2>\n

Jedn\u00edm ze st\u011b\u017eejn\u00edch c\u00edl\u016f projektu Strategie ochrany p\u0159ed negativn\u00edmi vlivy povodn\u00ed a\u00a0erozn\u00edmi jevy p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b bl\u00edzk\u00fdmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi v\u00a0\u010cR je sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ky p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho odtoku p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edvalov\u00fdch sr\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1ch, pop\u0159.\u00a0transformace povod\u0148ov\u00fdch vln v\u00a0n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b anal\u00fdz sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho stavu odtokov\u00fdch pom\u011br\u016f byly identifikov\u00e1ny problematick\u00e9 oblasti, ve kter\u00fdch byl navr\u017een soubor opat\u0159en\u00ed a\u00a0posl\u00e9ze posouzena jeho efektivita.<\/p>\n

Anal\u00fdza odtokov\u00fdch pom\u011br\u016f<\/h2>\n

Vyhodnocen\u00ed odtokov\u00fdch pom\u011br\u016f v\u00a0povod\u00edch \u010cR p\u0159ed n\u00e1vrhy opat\u0159en\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edvalo ve vytvo\u0159en\u00ed gisov\u00fdch vrstev hodnot CN (\u010d\u00edsla odtokov\u00fdch k\u0159ivek), sm\u011br\u016f odtoku a\u00a0akumulace odtoku. D\u00e1le byla vyhodnocena potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed retence A\u00a0(mm), v\u00fd\u0161ky p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho odtoku Ho (mm) a\u00a0objemy p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho odtoku Oph (m3<\/span><\/sup>) p\u0159i n\u00e1vrhov\u00fdch sr\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1ch pro povod\u00ed III. a\u00a0IV. \u0159\u00e1du. T\u00edm byly p\u0159ipraveny podklady pro n\u00e1vrhy reten\u010dn\u00edch prostor, vyhodnocen\u00ed zm\u011bn odtokov\u00fdch pom\u011br\u016f po n\u00e1vrz\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed a\u00a0podklady pro detailn\u00ed posouzen\u00ed efekt\u016f navr\u017een\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n

K\u00a0ur\u010den\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 retence \u00fazem\u00ed byly vyu\u017eity vrstvy CN hodnot ve t\u0159ech stupn\u00edch p\u0159edchoz\u00edho nasycen\u00ed povod\u00ed. Pro \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR byla vytvo\u0159ena souvisl\u00e1 vrstva zp\u016fsobu vyu\u017eit\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed, jej\u00edm\u017e z\u00e1kladem byla geodatab\u00e1ze p\u016fdn\u00edch blok\u016f LPIS roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 o\u00a0vrstvu PUPFL (pozemky ur\u010den\u00e9 pro pln\u011bn\u00ed funkce lesa) a\u00a0dopln\u011bn\u00e1 daty ze ZABAGEDu. Vrstva zp\u016fsobu vyu\u017eit\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed byla prolnuta s\u00a0vrstvou hydrologick\u00fdch skupin p\u016fd.<\/p>\n

Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed hodnoty pro v\u00fdchoz\u00ed vrstvu CN II (st\u0159edn\u00ed stupe\u0148 nasycen\u00ed) jsou obsa\u017eeny v\u00a0tabulce 1<\/span><\/em>. Pro ornou p\u016fdu byly hodnoty CN rozli\u0161eny pro dv\u011b varianty: detail a\u00a0povod\u00ed. Pro variantu detail byly pou\u017eity pom\u011brn\u011b vysok\u00e9 hodnoty (mo\u017enost soub\u011bhu nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdch osevn\u00edch postup\u016f na cel\u00e9m povod\u00ed) a\u00a0tato varianta je vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na pro anal\u00fdzy mal\u00fdch povod\u00ed s\u00a0plochou do 10<\/span>\u2008<\/span>km2<\/span><\/sup>. Pro variantu povod\u00ed byla hodnota CN sn\u00ed\u017eena\u00a0\u2013 odpov\u00edd\u00e1 pr\u016fm\u011bru pro \u0161iroko\u0159\u00e1dkov\u00e9 plodiny a\u00a0\u00fazko\u0159\u00e1dkov\u00e9 plodiny.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tabulka 1. Hodnoty CN II pro jednotliv\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby vyu\u017eit\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed a\u00a0hydrologick\u00e9 skupiny p\u016fd (HSP)
\nTable 1. Values of CN II for different land\u00ad\u2011<\/span>use and hydrological soil groups (HSP)<\/h5>\n\"Stehlik-tabulka-1\"<\/a>\n

Hodnoty uveden\u00e9 v\u00a0tabulce jsou platn\u00e9 pro st\u0159edn\u00ed stupe\u0148 Indexu p\u0159edchoz\u00edch sr\u00e1\u017eek (IPS II). IPS je ur\u010dov\u00e1n na z\u00e1klad\u011b 5denn\u00edho \u00fahrnu p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch sr\u00e1\u017eek. IPS I\u00a0je \u201esuch\u00fd\u201c a\u00a0ur\u010duje stav, kter\u00fd je\u0161t\u011b umo\u017e\u0148uje uspokojivou orbu a\u00a0obd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed (kumulativn\u00ed \u00fahrn sr\u00e1\u017eek za 5\u00a0dn\u00ed dos\u00e1hl m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 36\u2008<\/span>mm). IPS II je \u201est\u0159edn\u00ed\u201c a\u00a0b\u00fdv\u00e1 uva\u017eov\u00e1n pro n\u00e1vrhov\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely (kumulativn\u00ed \u00fahrn sr\u00e1\u017eek za 5\u00a0dn\u00ed dos\u00e1hl 36 a\u017e 53\u2008<\/span>mm). IPS III je \u201emokr\u00fd\u201c a\u00a0vyjad\u0159uje stav p\u0159esycen\u00ed p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edmi de\u0161ti (kumulativn\u00ed \u00fahrn sr\u00e1\u017eek za 5\u00a0dn\u00ed dos\u00e1hl v\u00edce ne\u017e 53\u2008<\/span>mm).<\/p>\n

Hodnoty CN I\u00a0(pro IPS I) a\u00a0CN III (pro IPS III) byly odvozeny na z\u00e1klad\u011b hodnot CN II v\u00a0prost\u0159ed\u00ed ArcGIS Raster Calculator podle vzorc\u016f uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdch Jane\u010dkem a\u00a0Kov\u00e1\u0159em [1]:<\/p>\n