{"id":21632,"date":"2022-12-13T19:26:57","date_gmt":"2022-12-13T18:26:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/2022\/12\/dvojrozhovor-s-ing-arch-evou-dvorakovou-a-ing-arch-terezou-bartosikovou-ph-d-o-ochrane-technickeho-a-industrialniho-kulturniho-dedictvi-v-cesku-a-na-slovensku\/"},"modified":"2024-05-27T15:37:21","modified_gmt":"2024-05-27T14:37:21","slug":"dvojrozhovor-s-ing-arch-evou-dvorakovou-a-ing-arch-terezou-bartosikovou-ph-d-o-ochrane-technickeho-a-industrialniho-kulturniho-dedictvi-v-cesku-a-na-slovensku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/2022\/12\/dvojrozhovor-s-ing-arch-evou-dvorakovou-a-ing-arch-terezou-bartosikovou-ph-d-o-ochrane-technickeho-a-industrialniho-kulturniho-dedictvi-v-cesku-a-na-slovensku\/","title":{"rendered":"Interview with Ing. arch. Eva Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1 and Ing. arch. Tereza Barto\u0161\u00edkov\u00e1, Ph.D., about protection of technical and industrial cultural heritage in the Czech and Slovak Republik"},"content":{"rendered":"\"\"<\/a>\n

As part of<\/b>\u202f<\/b>the<\/b>\u202f<\/b>December issue of\u202fVTEI, which is entirely devoted to\u202fthe\u202ftopic of\u202ftechnical and industrial cultural heritage and the\u202f\u201cProgramme of<\/b>\u202f<\/b>applied research and development of\u202fnational and cultural identity (NAKI II)\u201d of<\/b>\u202f<\/b>the<\/b>\u202f<\/b>Ministry of\u202fCulture, we asked for an\u202finterview with two specialists in this field, Ing. arch. Eva Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1 from the\u202fNational Heritage Institute (N\u00e1rodn\u00ed pam\u00e1tkov\u00fd \u00fastav, NP\u00da) and Ing. arch. Tereza Barto\u0161\u00edkov\u00e1, Ph.D., from the\u202fMonuments Board of<\/b>\u202f<\/b>the<\/b>\u202f<\/b>Slovak Republic (Pamiatkov\u00fd \u00farad Slovenskej republiky, P\u00da SR).<\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ladies, how did you come to deal professionally with the\u202fsubject of\u202ftechnical and industrial heritage?<\/b><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b>\u00a0Shortly after graduating from CTU, I joined the\u202fthen State Institute for Monument Preservation and Nature Conservation in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Department of\u202fFolk Architecture and Technical Monuments. At first, my work focused only on folk architecture, which was already close to me because I graduated from the\u202fDepartment of\u202fReconstruction under the\u202farchitect Svatopluk Vod\u011bra. His publications on folk architecture and its adaptations were an example for us at<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>time of\u202fhow beautiful folk buildings are and how<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>to approach their adaptation sensitively. Dr. Ji\u0159\u00ed\u202fVondra was in charge of\u202ftechnical monuments in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Department at that time, and he gradually handed over part of\u202fhis agenda to me. It is necessary to realize that at<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>time I am talking about, i.e. at<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>beginning of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>1980<\/span>s<\/span>, \u2018\u2018technical monument\u2018\u2019 meant at most a mill, a forge, or a bridge. Apart from some significant architectural buildings, such as Kot\u011bra\u2019s elevated water tank in Pankr\u00e1c, industrial heritage was not considered to be of\u202fhistorical value at all. After the retirement of\u202fDr. Vondra, no one cared much about the\u202fagenda of\u202ftechnical monuments at<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>then State Institute for Monument Preservation. At that time, technical monuments were not perceived in art-historical circles as an adequate part of\u202fcultural heritage, so it automatically became \u2018\u2018my agenda\u2019\u2018.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Barto\u0161\u00edkov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b>\u00a0When I was choosing a university in my school graduation year, I said that I wanted to repair castles or build bridges. The \u202ftalent exams secured me a place at<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Faculty of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>architecture. I had the\u202fopportunity to specialize in history of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>architecture and restoration of\u202fmonuments. Nevertheless, I was drawn to technical constructions, so I focused mainly on the\u202frenovation of\u202findustrial facilities. I wrote my diploma thesis and later also my dissertation thesis on this topic. After my studies, I took up the\u202fposition of\u202fmethodologist\u00a0<\/span>for technical monuments at<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Monuments Board of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Slovak Republic. So I can say that I have a job that I wanted, and I have combined history and technical constructions in my work.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Can you explain to the\u202freaders what a technical monument is, what industrial heritage is, and how their protection is anchored in legislation in<\/b>\u202f<\/b>the<\/b>\u202f<\/b>Czech and Slovak Republics?<\/b><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b>\u00a0the\u202ffollowing general definition is most often used for technical monument:\u00a0<\/span>\u201cA technical monument is unique or typical material remains that demonstrate the\u202fdevelopment of\u202ftechnology and its level in certain historical conditions. It is a document of<\/span><\/i>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span><\/i>\u202f<\/span>historical development of\u202fhuman society.\u201d<\/span><\/i>\u00a0However, it\u202fshould be pointed out that technical monument is a general designation a<\/span><\/p>\n

nd it is not anchored, nor was it, in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>two laws issued so far aimed at protecting monuments. The \u202flaw recognizes only the\u202fterm \u2018cultural monument\u2019<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Act No. 22 of\u202f1958 on cultural monuments defined the\u202fcategory of\u202fmonuments, including technical monuments, as <\/span>\u201c… a cultural asset that is evidence of<\/span><\/i>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span><\/i>\u202f<\/span>historical development of\u202fsociety, its art, technology, science, and other fields of\u202fhuman work and life, or is a preserved historical environment of\u202fhousing estates and architectural ensembles or a thing related to prominent persons and events of\u202fhistory and culture.\u201d<\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

On 1 January 1988, Act No. 20\/87 Coll., on State Monument Preservation, came into effect, replacing Act No. 22\/58. It does not leave out science and technology either. It considers cultural monuments to be those that are important documents of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>historical development, way of\u202flife, and environment of society from the\u202fearliest times to the\u202fpresent, as manifestations of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>creative abilities and work of\u202fman from various fields of\u202fhuman activity for their revolutionary, historical, artistic, scientific, and technical values.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

When it comes to the\u202fterm \u2018industrial heritage\u2019, the\u202finterpretation in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Czech language is somewhat complicated. The \u202fterm <\/span>industria<\/span><\/i>, given by some dictionaries, is translated from Latin as diligence, industriousness, while other professional publications use the\u202fterm industry for <\/span>industria<\/span><\/i>. So the\u202fborder is a bit blurred in this case. I would like to also point out that<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>State Monument Preservation Act does not recognize the\u202fterm. The \u202fconcept of\u202findustrial heritage is probably best explained in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Methodology for Evaluation and Protection of<\/span><\/i>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span><\/i>\u202f<\/span>Industrial Heritage from the\u202fPerspective of\u202fHeritage Management<\/span><\/i> by Milo\u0161 Mat\u011bj and Michaela Ry\u0161kov\u00e1, published by the\u202fNational Heritage Institute in 2018.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>Barto\u0161\u00edkov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> the\u202fbiggest difference between the\u202fCzech and Slovak understanding of\u202fmonuments is based on differences in legislation. In Slovakia, we\u202fhave a\u202frelatively new law on monuments, which has added many competencies and obligations to preservationists. We are an authority and we directly decide on the\u202frestoration and declaration of\u202fnew monuments. The \u202flaw also changed the\u202fnomenclature of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>monument fund, where we no longer have the\u202fcategories of\u202fnational cultural monument and cultural monument as\u202fin<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Czech Republic. All our legally protected buildings are national cultural monuments.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The Act on the\u202fProtection of\u202fMonument Fund does not recognize a special type of\u202fmonument \u2013 technical monuments. The \u202fcurrent Slovak law only generally defines the\u202fprotection of\u202fnational cultural monuments and heritage sites. According to our law, heritage value is the\u202fsum of\u202fsignificant historical, social, landscape, urban, architectural, scientific, technical, artistic or artistic-craft values. Every monument must therefore have a documented historical value.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

In practice, we talk about industrial monuments as a subset of\u202ftechnical monuments. Technical monuments also include wells, bridges, and dams that were not used for production. We understand industrial monuments as monuments of\u202findustrialization \u2013 they are mostly industrial sites built in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>19<\/span>th<\/span><\/sup> and 20<\/span>th<\/span><\/sup> centuries. Technical monuments have been in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>monument fund for a\u202flong time, and we are gradually starting to focus on the\u202fprotection of\u202findustrial monuments of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>a larger scale and from more recent times.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

How is the\u202farea of\u202findustrial heritage covered in your institution (NP\u00da\/P\u00da\u202fSR) and who else do you cooperate with in matters of\u202fits rescue, protection, restoration, or eventual conversions?<\/b><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> When I joined the\u202fthen State Institute for Monument Preservation and Nature Conservation, there were five employees working in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Department of\u202fFolk Architecture and Technical Monuments, only one of\u202fwhom was in charge of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>agenda then called monuments of\u202fscience, production, and technology. Since the\u202festablishment of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Institute in 1958, only thanks to the\u202fefforts of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>then director Ing. arch. Ji\u0159\u00ed Gwuzd was it possible, in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>1980<\/span>s<\/span><\/sup>, to establish a separate department of\u202ftechnical monuments at<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Regional Centre for State Monument Preservation and Nature Conservation in Ostrava. Other regional workplaces only rarely had an expert who would deal with this agenda.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Since then, much has changed for the\u202fbetter. There is one position for an industrial heritage specialist in each regional workplace of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>National Monuments Institute. The \u202festablishment of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Methodological Centre of\u202fIndustrial Heritage in Ostrava also contributed to the\u202fqualified assessment of\u202ftechnical heritage, which arose out of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>need to improve the\u202fknowledge, documentation, and protection of\u202ftechnical and industrial monuments and under whose leadership it is gradually becoming possible to start research within individual manufacturing sectors.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Collaboration with the\u202fNational Technical Museum dates back to the\u202festablishment of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Institution as it follows the\u202fidea that technical museums will take over exceptional technologies in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>their collections. At<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>end of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>1960<\/span>s<\/span>, cooperation with the\u202fnewly established Technical Museum in Brno increased, where it was possible to establish the\u202ffirst workplace of\u202findustrial archaeology in our country. With it, this professional institution responded to the\u202finitiatives of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>newly established International Committee for the\u202fConservation of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Industrial Heritage TICCIH (1975).<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Since the\u202f1990<\/span>s<\/span>, when the\u202fMinistry of\u202fCulture announced the\u202ffirst science and research programme projects, in which not only monument preservation institutions but also universities or individual scientific institutions participated from the\u202fbeginning, we have started cooperation mainly with the\u202fCzech Technical University. Cooperation with the\u202fCzech Chamber of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>authorized Engineers and Construction Technicians (\u010cesk\u00e1 komora autorizovan\u00fdch in\u017een\u00fdr\u016f a technik\u016f \u010dinn\u00fdch ve v\u00fdstavb\u011b), and the\u202fCzech Association of\u202fCivil Engineers (\u010cesk\u00fd svaz stavebn\u00edch in\u017een\u00fdr\u016f), with whom the\u202fNational Heritage Institute has concluded a long-term cooperation agreement through the\u202fBoard for Technical Monuments (Kolegium pro technick\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky), can be considered significant in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>field of\u202ftechnical heritage.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Currently, a Memorandum of\u202fCooperation with the\u202fRailway Administration has been signed; both institutions hope to improve the\u202fsituation during the\u202frestoration of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>railway fund.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Within science and research, the\u202fMethodological Centre of\u202fIndustrial Heritage cooperates with a number of\u202finstitutions. One of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>examples is the\u202fcooperation on the\u202fmethodology of\u202fclassifying and evaluating water management objects, which was established in collaboration with T. G. Masaryk Water Research Institute, the\u202fHistorical Institute of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Academy of\u202fSciences of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Czech Republic, Palacky University in Olomouc, the\u202fNational Heritage Institute, and a number of\u202fexperts and consultants outside these institutions.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>Barto\u0161\u00edkov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> Currently, the\u202fOffice operates a section of\u202ftechnical monuments, which is an advisory body to the\u202fGeneral Director composed of\u202femployees of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>P\u00da SR and regional monument offices. In Slovakia, I am the\u202fonly one solely in charge of\u202ftechnical monuments, that is, the\u202freport on technical\u00a0<\/span>monuments of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>P\u00da SR. There are several colleagues at<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>regional monuments offices who, as part of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>their work, deal with technical monuments, but not exclusively.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

We have established cooperation with the\u202fSlovak Technical Museum and its branches and with the\u202fSlovak Mining Museum. From an institutional point of\u202fview, cooperation with the\u202fMining Archive in Bansk\u00e1 \u0160tiavnica as well as with local technical museums is important for us.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Cooperation with universities has deteriorated because long-time teachers dedicated to technical monuments have retired. However, we are open to cooperation.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

A separate category consists of\u202fcooperation with civic associations and enthusiasts. Often in interaction with passionate owners of\u202fmonuments, such collaboration brings the\u202fbest results for both the\u202fmonument and learning about the\u202fhistory of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>given type of\u202fobject.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

For many monuments, there is a clash of\u202fdifferent points of\u202fview and interests. For example, nature conservation, safety of\u202fwater works, economic interests. Do you think that monument preservation is currently able to balance the\u202findividual aspects? And where do you see potential for improvement?<\/b><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> Compared to the\u202fearlier, sometimes extreme doctrinalism, monument preservation today is pluralistic in its approaches and methods. It is always looking for and finding solutions individually, case by case, taking into account the\u202fvalue and character of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>monument in question, the\u202fdegree of\u202fits preservation, and the\u202fnature of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>contemporary needs that<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>restoration is supposed to fulfil. It is necessary to continuously communicate with society, whose public interest is primarily intended to be protected by monument preservation. Methods of\u202fmonument preservation have also changed significantly, which reflect the\u202fdevelopment of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>architecture as well as the\u202fresults of\u202fcurrent science and research. In<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>field of\u202ftechnical and industrial heritage, one of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>guidelines for informed decision-making is the\u202fabove-mentioned <\/span>Methodology for Evaluation and Protection of<\/span><\/i>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span><\/i>\u202f<\/span>Industrial Heritage from the\u202fPerspective of\u202fHeritage Management<\/span><\/i>, which will be followed up by specialized production sector methodologies in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>future. A prerequisite for improving contentious issues of\u202fconflicts will be the\u202fapplication in practice of\u202fsubsequent methodologies of\u202findividual production sectors, in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>creation of\u202fwhich monument preservation closely cooperates with a number of\u202fprofessional institutions, including TGM WRI.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>Barto\u0161\u00edkov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> As preservationists, practically every time a monument is restored we try to find an adequate compromise between the\u202frequirements of\u202fmonument preservation and other interests that enter into it. The \u202feconomic point of\u202fview is present across the\u202fentire monument fund because the\u202fowner of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>a cultural monument has their own, mostly limited financial possibilities. The \u202feconomic aspect is already included in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>proceedings for declaration of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>an object as a cultural monument; the\u202fowner is afraid of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>an increased level of\u202ffinancial and administrative burden in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>preservation and handling of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>their property if they have to meet the\u202fdemands of\u202fmonument preservation. Above all, it would be necessary to find appropriate motivational tools so that<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>owner of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>a cultural monument does not take it primarily as a burden, but receives a helping hand and appropriate compensation from the\u202fstate.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

We often come across nature conservation when there is a need to maintain some monuments visible from a distance or in cases where trees disturb the\u202fstructure with their root system. We are starting to encounter questions about the\u202fconstruction of\u202ffish channels at larger scale water works. Energy efficiency becomes a serious issue in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>operation of\u202ftechnical monuments. As\u202fan example, industrial plate windows were replaced with plastic windows at a hydroelectric power station with the\u202fjustification that they had to prevent the\u202fturbines from freezing in winter. Originally, the\u202fbuilding had year-round 24\/7 service and room temperature control; it is currently fully automated without heating.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Another issue is barrier-free accessibility of\u202fmonuments, which is not always possible to ensure in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>case of\u202ftechnical monuments. We try to deal with security aspects individually for each monument in order to ensure both the\u202fsafety and the\u202foriginal appearance of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>object. We prefer the\u202fuse of\u202foriginal material and construction solutions, but when it is necessary to replace the\u202fwater tanks discharge devices, for example, we allow the\u202fuse of\u202fcurrent technical solutions. We managed to harmonize the\u202fsolutions of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>water and air sides of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>dam with the\u202fwater managers in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>case of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>mining water reservoir (tajchy).<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

What are the\u202fspecifics of\u202fmonument preservation for objects of<\/b>\u202f<\/b>a technical nature? Is there any difference in assessing their historical importance from, say, \u201cclassic\u201d cultural monuments? Are there methodological guidelines, or specific criteria, for evaluating their historical importance?<\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> Compared to the\u202fclassic heritage fund, technical heritage is a very diverse fund made up of\u202fspecific representatives of\u202fmany manufacturing sectors, and therefore it is necessary to apply special approaches to the\u202fdetermination of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>their heritage values. What principles govern the\u202fdeclaration of\u202ftechnical monuments and their inclusion in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Central List of\u202fCultural Monuments<\/span><\/i> and what values are prioritized for industrial heritage is given by the\u202fabove-mentioned <\/span>Methodology for evaluating and protecting industrial heritage from the\u202fpoint of\u202fview of\u202fmonument preservation<\/span><\/i>, which will be followed up in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>future by methodologies reflecting the\u202fspecifics of\u202fselected industrial sectors, key for the\u202fdevelopment of\u202findustry and for Czech sites in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Czech Republic.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>Barto\u0161\u00edkov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> By law, the\u202fpreservation of\u202ftechnical monuments is the\u202fsame as\u202ffor other types of\u202fmonuments. With technical monuments, we come across specific situations, especially if the\u202fobject still serves its original purpose. In\u202fthat case, the\u202fpreservation of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>original function is often tied to standards and regulations related to their safe operation. In such cases, it is self-evident to preserve the\u202ffunctionality of\u202ftechnology or process automation at<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>expense of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>authenticity of\u202fsome small parts.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

In Slovakia, we do not have general methodological instructions for assessing the\u202fsignificance and values of\u202fmonuments. Technical monuments have some specific aspects that are different from other types of\u202fmonuments, for example the\u202ftechnological flow of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>original production. From the\u202fpoint<\/span>\u202f<\/span>of\u202fview of\u202fmonument preservation, the\u202ffact that<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>preserved object or technology is\u202funique, the\u202ffirst of\u202fits kind, or the\u202fmost efficient in terms of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>given industry in Slovakia is also important. However, we also protect typical examples of\u202ftechnical monuments or equipment.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Most technical monuments have a technical value in connection with other monument values, for example, architectural, historical, or artistic-craft value. Preservation of\u202ftechnological equipment is not a condition for registration of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>monument as a national cultural monument.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Classic monuments \u2013 chateaus, churches \u2013 are easier for the\u202fpublic to understand as they are \u201cvisually pleasant\u201d, have more decorative elements, and artistic decoration. Gradually, however, industrial aesthetics also begins to penetrate the\u202fconsciousness of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>lay public.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Is there any closer form of\u202fcooperation \u2013 for example a professional platform \u2013 in this area between your two institutions?<\/b><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> Cooperation between the\u202ftwo organizations, albeit modest, dates back to the\u202f1970<\/span>s<\/span>, when the\u202ffirst contacts appeared, more so between\u00a0<\/span>technical museums, but in which representatives of\u202fmonument preservation also took part. Here I would like to recall the\u202factivities of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>late Dr. Laco Mlynka in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>field of\u202fwater mills and participation in various excursions and lectures at conferences. Reciprocal meetings between the\u202fstaff of\u202fboth our institutions also contribute to bilateral cooperation at<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>moment.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>Barto\u0161\u00edkov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> On behalf of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>P\u00da SR, I cooperate on various technical topics with the\u202fMethodological Centre of\u202fIndustrial Heritage in Ostrava, with individual employees of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>NP\u00da, with the\u202fResearch Centre for Industrial Heritage under the\u202fFaculty of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>architecture of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Czech Technical University, but also with the\u202fmill experts behind the\u202fvodnimlyny.cz portal, for example.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Do you see something mutually inspiring in<\/b>\u202f<\/b>the<\/b>\u202f<\/b>approach to the\u202fissue of\u202findustrial heritage on the\u202fCzech and Slovak sides?<\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> There is a lot of\u202finspiration on both sides, and the\u202fobvious effort of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>professional staff of\u202fboth institutions is to preserve the\u202fmost outstanding representatives of\u202findustrial heritage, including assistance in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>their restoration and the\u202fsearch for new uses. What distinguishes the\u202ftwo institutions is their legislative status within<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>state. While in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Czech Republic the\u202fNational Heritage Institute is a professional organization ensuring the\u202fprotection of\u202fcultural heritage without executive powers, the\u202fMonuments Board of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Slovak Republic combines both components, i.e. both professional and executive. Which is better, it is hard to judge.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Barto\u0161\u00edkov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> Our Czech colleagues inspire us in particular with their extremely broad publishing activity and the\u202fcreation of\u202fmethodological materials. The \u202feducational activities and popularization of\u202ftechnical monuments by the\u202fNP\u00da is more extensive and worth following. In general, in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Czech Republic, the\u202ffinancing of\u202fresearch, publishing activities, and restoration of\u202fmonuments is handled better and more diversely from the\u202fsources of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Ministry of\u202fCulture, but also of\u202fregional units, municipalities, and the\u202fEuropean Union. There are many areas where we could be inspired.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Can you give an approximate representation of\u202ftechnical and industrial heritage among listed buildings in<\/b>\u202f<\/b>the<\/b>\u202f<\/b>Czech and Slovak Republics? And\u202fwhat is the\u202frepresentation of\u202fwater management objects within<\/b>\u202f<\/b>the<\/b>\u202f<\/b>technical and industrial heritage?<\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> If the\u202ffirst inventories of\u202fcultural monuments taken during the\u202f1960<\/span>s<\/span> registered a little over 1,000 monuments of\u202fscience, production, and technology, today\u2019s <\/span>Central List of\u202fCultural Monuments<\/span><\/i> includes around 3,000 of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>them. Even the\u202fcurrent completion of\u202fhigh-quality representatives of\u202findustrial heritage based on professional research is still not finished. Nevertheless, it can be stated that, of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>approximately 3,000 declared technical representatives, industrial constructions make up less than 10 per cent. This data comes from the\u202f<\/span>Industrial Topography<\/span><\/i> database of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Industrial Heritage Research Centre of\u202fCTU.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

As for the\u202fnumbers of\u202fwater management structures listed in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Central List of\u202fCultural Monuments<\/span><\/i>, it is difficult to find them, since it is not clear whether water mills that no longer have a water wheel can be considered as water management structures or as folk architecture. In addition, searching in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>current <\/span>Monument Catalogue<\/span><\/i> is somewhat difficult in this regard.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>Barto\u0161\u00edkov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> In Slovakia, we have a monument registration system which divides national cultural monuments (sites) into individual monument objects. Technical monuments have a representation in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>monument fund of\u202fless than four per cent. However, water management structures are represented relatively abundantly among technical monuments. Of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>680 technical monuments, 170\u202fare directly related to water management \u2013 water reservoirs, dams, levees, waterworks, water tanks, pumping stations, and the\u202fcorresponding technologies. Another 85 are monuments that were powered by water \u2013 power stations, mills, sawmills, hammer mills, and technologies for their propulsion. This means that 37 per cent of\u202ftechnical monuments in Slovakia are directly connected to water.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The high rate of\u202foccurrence of\u202fwater management objects in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>monument fund is due, on the\u202fone hand, to the\u202fgeographical characteristics of\u202fSlovakia, where water power is present throughout the\u202fwhole country and was the\u202fimpetus for the\u202fbeginning of\u202fproduction. It is also due to the\u202fhistorical practice of\u202fpreservation, when important mining monuments were declared as monuments in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>first place, which also included mining water reservoirs (tajchy) and, subsequently, the\u202finterest in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>protection of\u202fmonuments shifted to craft production buildings, especially water mills, sawmills, and hammer mills. The \u202frepresentation of\u202fpreserved technological equipment is also significant since hydroelectric power stations are mostly still functioning, mill turbines were not removed from mills, and water reservoirs must also be kept in operation.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

From your point of\u202fview, which listed historical water management buildings are unique and iconic within<\/b>\u202f<\/b>the<\/b>\u202f<\/b>Czech and Slovak Republics? And\u202fwhich water management facilities, on the\u202fother hand, are not protected, but from your point of\u202fview would deserve preservation?<\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> Every water work deserves recognition. The \u202fidea of\u202fhow the\u202ffirst millers probably built the\u202fshafts or how they built the\u202fdams must necessarily arouse our admiration. The \u202fmedieval pond systems built on the\u202fPern\u0161tejn or Ro\u017emberk estates can certainly be considered iconic in our country. After all, the\u202fT\u0159ebo\u0148 ponds are still listed under the\u202fname T\u0159ebo\u0148 Pond Heritage as a\u202fcultural asset of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Czech Republic proposed for inclusion in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>List of\u202fWorld Cultural and Natural Heritage<\/span><\/i>. A number of\u202fspecific water management structures, including artificial linear constructions, have not yet been sufficiently explored. Similarly, modern landscapes of\u202fwater works are not appreciated, especially the\u202fVltava Cascade, which certainly deserves protection. The \u202fconvolute of\u202felevated water tanks from the\u202fFirst Republic also deserves special attention, for example a\u202funique elevated water tank in Kladno-Rozd\u011blov with the\u202ffirst ever metal structure made of\u202fcarbon steel and a non-load-bearing brick casing, which is now non-functional, but is among the\u202fgood examples of\u202fnew use in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>form of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>a hi-tech water control centre and a cyber security centre.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Barto\u0161\u00edkov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> Of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>protected buildings, an interesting system of\u202fmonuments in Kremnick\u00e9 vrchy, the\u202fso-called Tur\u010dek aqueduct from the\u202f15<\/span>th<\/span><\/sup> century \u2013 underground power station \u2013 11 kilometres long hereditary adit of\u202fEmperor Ferdinand. It is a work that is significant for historical reasons, but also because of\u202fits technical values. The \u202fhydroelectric power station was started in 1922; it is located 245 metres underground and has three horizontal Pelton turbines installed. It is the\u202fdeepest underground power station in Europe. A well-known UNESCO water management monument is the\u202fsystem of\u202fmining water reservoirs (tajchy) in Bansk\u00e1 \u0160tiavnica, which were used to drive mining and metallurgical equipment.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

We are currently trying to register the\u202fsystem of\u202fwater works on Starohorsk\u00fd potok. These are two water reservoirs with Ambursen-type dams, two derivation power stations, and technological accessories. They are significant not only because of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>unique type of\u202fdams and overflow device, but also because it was the\u202ffirst attempt to operate a pumped storage Hydropower plant in our country.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0What is your role as an institution in conversions of\u202fhistorical industrial buildings? Is there a methodical procedure, a guide to achieve a successful conversion? And what exactly is a successful conversion?<\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> A successful conversion, or a new use, can be considered such a\u202fmodification where the\u202fmain attributes of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>original production building are preserved to the\u202fgreatest extent possible. New interventions should not erase the\u202foriginal operational, technological, and typological features and should not cover the\u202foverall character of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>building and the\u202fatmosphere of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>environment with a new expression. The \u202fbasis for understanding the\u202fproduction structure and its subsequent new use is perfect knowledge of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>construction as well as knowledge of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>production process. Within<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>field research of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>National Heritage Institute, one of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>new methodologies is specifically focused on conversions. In<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>field of\u202fwater management constructions, I would probably mention the\u202fvery refined conversion of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>water tower at Letn\u00e1, for which the\u202farchitectural team received an award from the\u202fGeneral Director of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>National Heritage Institute.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>Barto\u0161\u00edkov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> According to the\u202fMonuments Act, the\u202fdecision on the\u202fintention to restore a national cultural monument is issued by the\u202fregional monument authorities which, from a methodological point of\u202fview, guide the\u202frestoration of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>all monuments and buildings in conservation areas. Unfortunately, the\u202fprotection of\u202ftechnical monuments cannot be given priority, and that is\u202fwhy conversions of\u202ffactories are often methodologically guided by the\u202fsame people as castles and churches. We would like to enable higher specialization of\u202ffellow methodologists in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>future. Personally, I consider a good conversion to be one that not only ensures continued functioning of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>object, but is also appropriately sensitive to it. Choosing the\u202fright function is the\u202fmost important step in a good conversion. It often happens that<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>object loses a lot of\u202fperiod details and technologies through conversion, which unfortunately give way to the\u202fdemands of\u202fnew use.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

In what ways is your institution educating or popularizing this topic towards the\u202fpublic? And as part of\u202fthis education, do you also cooperate with institutions and entities supporting tourism?<\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> Of\u202fcourse, one of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>aims of\u202fmonument preservation is to popularize industrial heritage. This is done through organizing exhibitions, lectures, and cooperation, especially with the\u202flocal municipalities and associations. At<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>same time, since 2014, the\u202fNational Heritage Institute has been awarding the\u202fPatrimonium pro futuro awards every year with the\u202fsubtitle Social appreciation of\u202fexamples of\u202fgood practice, in an effort to evaluate and highlight what has been achieved in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>field of\u202fmonument preservation and to recognize those who have contributed to successful work. In recent years, technical monuments have also received this award, whether it was the\u202fJizera Mountains Technical Museum (Jizerskohorsk\u00e9 technick\u00e9 muzeum) in B\u00edl\u00fd Potok, or the\u202frenovation of\u202frailway roundhouse in Ko\u0159enov.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Barto\u0161\u00edkov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> We organize lectures, conferences, and educational events for families with children on the\u202ftopic of\u202ftechnical monuments. Unfortunately, there are not very many of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>them. I also publish on the\u202ftopic of\u202ftechnical monuments, but these are mainly more professional articles; popularization would need more mass media and a simpler approach. I regularly try to prepare events for the\u202fpublic connected with technical monuments during European Heritage Month.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

In terms of\u202fmedia, we have the\u202fbest collaboration with Slovak Radio, which has been broadcasting the\u202fseries \u201cHeritage of\u202fmills\u201d this year and the\u202fseries \u201cAround technical monuments with a backpack \u201c last year. This year, in cooperation with the\u202fSlovak Technical Museum, we are preparing an exhibition and conference dedicated to ironworks. We should also publish a digital almanac dedicated to mill research.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

What do you think are the\u202fbiggest challenges in protecting this type of\u202fcultural heritage at<\/b>\u202f<\/b>the<\/b>\u202f<\/b>moment? Can an approach of\u202fsome other European countries be inspiring in this regard and why?<\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> The\u202fbiggest challenge for us is to continuously complete field research, on the\u202fbasis of\u202fwhich it is possible to add monuments to the\u202f<\/span>Central List of\u202fCultural Monuments,<\/span><\/i> and at<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>same time follow international trends in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>their preservation. A great contribution in recent years has been the\u202festablishment of\u202fcooperation with a partner monument institution in Oslo, because Norway repeatedly contributes to the\u202frestoration of\u202fcultural monuments in our country. Although some types of\u202fmonuments are very different, for example Norwegian whaling heritage, the\u202fprinciples of\u202fprotection remain<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>same. Another very inspiring country is the\u202fFederal Republic of\u202fGermany, where\u2028a good example is Emscher Park, the\u202frestoration of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>a depressed industrial area in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Ruhr, which can be a guide for the\u202frestoration of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>former industrial areas of\u202fKladno and Ostrava.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>Barto\u0161\u00edkov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> The\u202fmain challenges of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>protection of\u202ftechnical monuments include more sensitive conversions, better protection of\u202ftechnologies, appreciation of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>importance of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>archaeological technical heritage, as well as protection of\u202fmining and industrial cultural landscape. I think the\u202fprotection of\u202fmonuments of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>second half of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>20<\/span>th<\/span> century is a phenomenon that goes beyond the\u202ffield of\u202ftechnical monuments. Specifically, the\u202fprotection of\u202findustrial sites is not properly understood in our country either \u2013 mostly we only manage to ensure the\u202fprotection of\u202fsolitary buildings.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Among European countries, Spain\u2019s approach to the\u202fprotection of\u202fchimneys is interesting, where even when the\u202ffactory is demolished, they leave the\u202fchimney standing as a reminder of\u202fhistory. In our country, the\u202fentire factory is often demolished only for preventive reasons, or because it is possible to draw subsidies for it.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

To conclude, we would like to ask a slightly more personal question \u2013 which monument from the\u202ffield of\u202fwater management do you like the\u202fmost or have a\u202fcloser relationship to and why?<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> Mostly it is the\u202ftechnical monument where I am currently the\u202fguarantor of\u202frestoration. From the\u202farea of\u202f\u200b\u200bwater management constructions, I would probably mention the\u202flock in Ho\u0159\u00edn and, from my point of\u202fview, its successful technical modification. The \u202fessence of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>lock modifications was to increase the\u202fpassability of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>navigation channel for taller cabin ships and cargo traffic, so that<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>original reinforced concrete arch of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>larger lock chamber was replaced by a steel structure that is hydraulically lifted on pistons. When the\u202fupper arch is extended during the\u202fpassage of\u202fships, it represents a perfect water work, which remains a legitimate cultural monument supplemented by a new technical solution that is in line with the\u202fobjective of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>lock. In<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>case of\u202ftechnical heritage, it is necessary to accept the\u202fidea of\u202fother possibilities of\u202finnovation of\u202ftechnical devices and technologies while preserving their main function, and that these innovations are permissible from the\u202fpoint of\u202fview of\u202fmonument preservation, because they allow the\u202ffunctionality of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>technical work to be preserved.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Barto\u0161\u00edkov\u00e1:<\/span><\/b> From an aesthetic point of\u202fview, I like water tanks. In<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>monument fund, especially the\u202felevated water tanks \u2013 in Trnava, Bernol\u00e1kovo, and Pal\u00e1rikovo \u2013 are interesting. The \u202fsystem of\u202ftwo artistically decorated ground reservoirs with preserved technology, but also with the\u202ftorso of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>original orchad treatment with sculptural decoration, which is located in Bratislava, I\u202fdescribed in detail in a professional proposal for declaration as a monument.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

I was also pleasantly surprised by the\u202fsystem of\u202fmonuments\u202f\u2013\u202fa\u202fwell\u202f\u2013\u202fa\u202fpumping station \u2013 a technological facility on the\u202fisland of\u202fSiho\u0165 in Bratislava. Normally, this object is not accessible as it is a still functional source of\u202fdrinking water. However, it is characterized by a picturesque aesthetic set in a natural environment, which you do not expect in Bratislava.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Thank you both for the\u202finterview.<\/i><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ing.\u00a0 Miriam Dzur\u00e1kov\u00e1 and Ing. Robert Ko\u0159\u00ednek, Ph.D.<\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ing. arch. Eva Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1<\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ing. arch. Eva Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1 is a graduate of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Faculty of\u202fCivil Engineering, majoring in architecture, at<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Czech Technical University (CTU) in Prague. Since 1974, she has been working in<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>field of\u202fmonument preservation. In<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>National Heritage Insti-tute, within a specialized department, she deals with technical and industrial heritage and also researches industrial and technical facilities and objects. She is one of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>initiators of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>establishment of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Industrial Heritage Protection Section at<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>National Technical Museum in Prague (1987) and is a member of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Scientific Council of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Industrial Heritage Research Centre at<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Faculty of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>architecture of\u202fCTU. She is also the\u202fco-author of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>a number of\u202fpublications, including Industri\u00e1ln\u00ed skanzen \u010cechy a Morava (Prague 1992), Technick\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky v \u010cech\u00e1ch, na Morav\u011b a ve Slezsku (Prague 2000), Industri\u00e1l \u2013 pam\u011b\u0165 \u2013 v\u00fdchodiska (Prague 2007), and Industri\u00e1ln\u00ed cesty \u010desk\u00fdm st\u0159edoz\u00e1padem (Kladno 2009).<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Ing. arch. Tereza Barto\u0161\u00edkov\u00e1, Ph.D.<\/b>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ing. arch. Tereza Barto\u0161\u00edkov\u00e1, Ph.D., has been an employee of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Monuments Board of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Slovak Republic since 2015. She graduated from the\u202fFaculty of<\/span>\u202f<\/span>architecture of\u202fSlovak University of\u202fTechnology (STU) in Bratislava, and defended her Ph.D. thesis at<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>same Faculty. During her studies, she completed an internship at<\/span>\u202f<\/span>the<\/span>\u202f<\/span>Industrial Heritage Research Centre at CTU. She deals with technical monuments in the entire area of Slovakia from the earliest times to the second half of the 20<\/span>th<\/span><\/sup> century. She combines research and mapping of technical monuments with publishing and educational activities. On the basis of her proposals, several valuable and interesting technical objects have already been declared cultural monuments, including water management ones.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

As part of the December issue of VTEI, which is entirely devoted to the topic of technical and industrial cultural heritage and the \u201cProgramme of applied research and development of national and cultural identity (NAKI II)\u201d of the Ministry of Culture, we asked for an interview with two specialists in this field, Ing. arch. Eva Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1 from the National Heritage Institute (N\u00e1rodn\u00ed pam\u00e1tkov\u00fd \u00fastav, NP\u00da) and Ing. arch. Tereza Barto\u0161\u00edkov\u00e1, Ph.D., from the Monuments Board of the Slovak Republic (Pamiatkov\u00fd \u00farad Slovenskej republiky, P\u00da SR).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":17668,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[1511,3003,120,3006,3005,3001,3004,3002],"coauthors":[236,595],"class_list":["post-21632","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-from-the-world-of-water-management","tag-czech-republic","tag-industrial-cultural-heritage","tag-interview","tag-monuments-board-of-the-slovak-republic","tag-national-heritage-institute","tag-protection","tag-slovak-republik","tag-technical-cultural-heritage"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21632","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21632"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21632\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29400,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21632\/revisions\/29400"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17668"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21632"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21632"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21632"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=21632"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}