Druh\u00fdm zdrojem dat byla datab\u00e1ze IS PiVo, kterou spravuj\u00ed pracovn\u00edci St\u00e1tn\u00edho zdravotn\u00edho \u00fastavu. Do IS PiVo jsou zas\u00edl\u00e1ny v\u00fdsledky rutinn\u00edch kontrol pitn\u00e9 vody z\u00a0ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch vodovod\u016f podle platn\u00e9 legislativy. Vyu\u017eita byla data za obdob\u00ed leden 2012 a\u017e za\u010d\u00e1tek prosince 2019. Toto obdob\u00ed bylo rozd\u011bleno na t\u0159i nestejn\u011b dlouh\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti:<\/p>\n
- \n
- p\u0159ed reviz\u00ed metodick\u00e9 normy \u010cSN 75\u00a07713 (1. 1. 2012\u201330. 11. 2015),<\/li>\n
- po revizi \u010cSN 75 7713 (1. 12. 2015\u201326. 4. 2018),<\/li>\n
- po revizi \u010cSN 75 7713 a\u00a0z\u00e1rove\u0148 po sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed limitu v\u00a0novele vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky \u010d. 252\/2004 Sb. z\u00a010\u00a0% na 5 % (27. 4. 2018\u20132. 12. 2019).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
V\u00a0IS PiVo se nach\u00e1z\u00ed za\u00a0uveden\u00e9 obdob\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 126\u00a0000 v\u00fdsledk\u016f stanoven\u00ed abiosestonu. Za stejn\u00e9 obdob\u00ed jako u\u00a0abiosestonu byla zpracov\u00e1na tak\u00e9 data pro z\u00e1kal.<\/p>\n
K porovn\u00e1n\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch obdob\u00ed u dat z IS PiVo byl pou\u017eit Kruskal\u016fv-Wallis\u016fv test s n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm tzv. mnohon\u00e1sobn\u00fdm porovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm (po dvojic\u00edch), p\u0159i n\u011bm\u017e se p-hodnoty koriguj\u00ed (\u201ezp\u0159\u00eds\u0148uj\u00ed\u201c), aby se zohlednilo, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e1 ze skupin vstupuje do porovn\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t. D\u00e1le byl v jednotliv\u00fdch obdob\u00edch srovn\u00e1v\u00e1n po\u010det p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed hodnoty 5 % pokryvnosti abiosestonem pomoc\u00ed Fisherova exaktn\u00edho testu s\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm mnohon\u00e1sobn\u00fdm porovn\u00e1n\u00edm s\u00a0Bonferroniho korekc\u00ed. Ke statistick\u00e9 anal\u00fdze byl pou\u017eit software Stata. Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed anal\u00fdzy byly provedeny v\u00a0MS Excel.<\/p>\n
Tabulka 1. Po\u010det \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f (N), aritmetick\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br, medi\u00e1n a\u00a0popis p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed abiosestonu v\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdch kolech PZZ
\nTable 1. Number of participants (N), arithmetic mean, median and description of abioseston in particular rounds of PTs<\/h5>\n![\"\"](\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\")
<\/a>\nV\u00fdsledky a\u00a0diskuse<\/h2>\n
Vzorky pro stanoven\u00ed abiosestonu v\u00a0r\u00e1mci PZZ po\u0159\u00e1dan\u00fdch SZ\u00da se ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed jak mno\u017estv\u00edm p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9ho abiosestonu, tak jeho slo\u017een\u00edm. Nen\u00ed tak t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 mo\u017en\u00e9 jen prost\u00e9 srovn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f p\u0159ed reviz\u00ed metodick\u00e9 normy \u010cSN 75 7713 a\u00a0po n\u00ed. K\u00a0posouzen\u00ed zm\u011bn byly proto vyu\u017eity tak\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky abiosestonu stanoven\u00e9ho pomoc\u00ed anal\u00fdzy obrazu. Tato metoda je jednak v\u00fdrazn\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b subjektivn\u00ed ne\u017e stanoven\u00ed odhadem podle \u010cSN 75 7713, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 laborato\u0159e (pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b) pou\u017e\u00edvaly po cel\u00e9 obdob\u00ed stejnou metodu, tak\u017ee lze v\u00fdsledek z\u00edskan\u00fd anal\u00fdzou obrazu pova\u017eovat za referen\u010dn\u00ed hodnotu, ke kter\u00e9 je mo\u017en\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky pomoc\u00ed odhadu vztahovat. Tak\u00e9 tato metoda m\u00e1 v\u0161ak r\u016fzn\u00e9 nedostatky a\u00a0i\u00a0v\u00a0n\u00ed hraje dojem analytika svou roli. Problematick\u00fd je tak\u00e9 mnohem men\u0161\u00ed po\u010det laborato\u0159\u00ed, kter\u00e9 dodaly v\u00fdsledek.<\/p>\n
<\/a>\nObr. 1. V\u00fdsledky abiosestonu (odhadem podle \u010cSN 75 7713 a\u00a0anal\u00fdzou obrazu) v\u00a0PZZ po\u0159\u00e1dan\u00fdch SZ\u00da v\u00a0obdob\u00ed 2011\u20132020; st\u0159ed krabicov\u00fdch graf\u016f pro stanoven\u00ed odhadem p\u0159edstavuje medi\u00e1n, okraje krabi\u010dek 25. a\u00a075. percentil; \u010d\u00e1rky na konci \u00fase\u010dek (vous\u016f) vyzna\u010duj\u00ed nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed a\u00a0nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed hodnotu; v\u00fdsledky anal\u00fdzou obrazu jsou kv\u016fli n\u00edzk\u00e9mu po\u010dtu \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f zobrazeny jako medi\u00e1n (v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010derven\u00fd kruh) a\u00a0v\u00fdsledky jednotliv\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f (mal\u00e9 \u010derven\u00e9 kruhy)
\nFig. 1. Abioseston results (estimation according to the \u010cSN 75 7713 and image analysis) in the PTs organised by the National Institute of Public Health between 2011\u20132020; the central line of the box-plots shows the median of the results (by estimation according to the \u010cSN 75 771), the ends the 25th and 75th percentile and the whiskers the highest and lowest values; results by image analysis are shown (due to low numbers of participants) as the median (bigger red circle) and individual participant values (small red circles)<\/h6>\nSrovn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f obou metod v\u00a0deseti kolech PZZ je patrn\u00e9 z\u00a0obr. 1<\/em> a\u00a0tabulky\u00a01<\/em>. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ve v\u0161ech p\u0159\u00edpadech je st\u0159edn\u00ed hodnota (medi\u00e1n, aritmetick\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br) u\u00a0stanoven\u00ed anal\u00fdzou obrazu ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u\u00a0stanoven\u00ed odhadem. V\u00fdjimku p\u0159edstavovaly roky 2014 (medi\u00e1n) a\u00a02018 (pr\u016fm\u011br). V\u00fdrazn\u00fd rozd\u00edl je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0letech 2012 a\u00a02015. D\u016fvod, pro\u010d v\u00a0letech 2013 a\u00a02014 rozd\u00edl nebyl tak velk\u00fd, lze hledat p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ve velikosti \u010d\u00e1stic. V\u00a0pokusech s\u00a0\u00fa\u010dastn\u00edky determina\u010dn\u00edch kurz\u016f doch\u00e1zelo p\u0159i vyu\u017eit\u00ed odhadov\u00fdch tabul\u00ed z\u00a0p\u016fvodn\u00ed \u010cSN 75 7713 z\u00a0roku 1998 k\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu nadhodnocov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm u\u00a0vzork\u016f s\u00a0velk\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm mal\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic [7]. U\u00a0\u010d\u00e1stic st\u0159edn\u00edch a\u00a0velk\u00fdch nebylo pou\u017eit\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00ed normy natolik problematick\u00e9 [7]. Ve vzorc\u00edch z\u00a0let 2012 a\u00a02015 byly pr\u00e1v\u011b mal\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice hojn\u011b zastoupeny (tabulka 1<\/em>). V\u00a0roce 2014 byly p\u0159\u00edtomny stopky \u017eelezit\u00e9 bakterie rodu Gallionella<\/em>, kter\u00e9 jsou tak\u00e9 relativn\u011b mal\u00e9 a\u00a0nav\u00edc prota\u017een\u00e9. V\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159edchoz\u00edch kolech PZZ (mimo zkouman\u00e9 obdob\u00ed) zp\u016fsobovaly tak\u00e9 v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 nadhodnocen\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f (nap\u0159. v\u00a0roce 2007 [10]). V\u00a0roce 2014 se v\u0161ak krom\u011b jednotliv\u00fdch stopek bakteri\u00ed rodu Gallionella<\/em> vyskytovaly tak\u00e9 jejich shluky velk\u00e9 a\u017e stovky \u00b5m. U takto velk\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic bylo pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9 p\u0159i vyu\u017eit\u00ed odhadov\u00fdch tabul\u00ed z p\u016fvodn\u00ed \u010cSN 75 7713 sp\u00ed\u0161e podhodnocen\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f [7], co\u017e efekt mal\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic z\u0159ejm\u011b vykompenzovalo. Celkov\u00fd v\u00fdsledek stanoven\u00ed odhadem se tak od v\u00fdsledku stanoven\u00ed anal\u00fdzou obrazu t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 neli\u0161il. A\u010dkoliv maj\u00ed v\u00fdsledky n\u011bkter\u00fdch kol PZZ po revizi \u010cSN 75\u00a07713 daleko do ide\u00e1ln\u00edho stavu (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm kola v\u00a0letech 2016, 2019, 2020), neobjevovaly\u00a0se v\u00a0nich tak velk\u00e9 rozd\u00edly mezi stanoven\u00edm abiosestonu odhadem a\u00a0anal\u00fdzou obrazu, jako tomu bylo p\u0159ed reviz\u00ed metodick\u00e9 normy. To lze dob\u0159e demonstrovat na vzorc\u00edch z\u00a0let 2015 a\u00a02019, kter\u00e9 si byly velmi podobn\u00e9 jak slo\u017een\u00edm abiosestonu, tak jeho mno\u017estv\u00edm (obr. 2<\/em>). Zat\u00edmco v\u00fdsledky z\u00edskan\u00e9 anal\u00fdzou obrazu v obou letech byly srovnateln\u00e9 (tabulka 1<\/em>), v\u00fdsledky odhadem pokryvnosti podle p\u016fvodn\u00ed \u010cSN 75\u00a07713 z\u00a0roku 1998 byly t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvojn\u00e1sobn\u00e9 (v\u00edce ne\u017e 9 % v\u00a0roce 2015, necel\u00fdch 5\u00a0% v\u00a0roce 2019).<\/p>\n
<\/a>\nObr. 2. Uk\u00e1zky abiosestonu u\u00a0podobn\u00fdch vzork\u016f (z\u00a0PZZ) p\u0159ed a\u00a0po revizi metodick\u00e9 normy; pomoc\u00ed anal\u00fdzy obrazu bylo v obou kolech zji\u0161t\u011bno zhruba stejn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed abiosestonu (m\u00edrn\u011b p\u0159es 3 %), pomoc\u00ed odhadu podle \u010cSN 75 7713 byly z\u00edsk\u00e1ny v\u00fdrazn\u011b odli\u0161n\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky (v roce 2015 p\u0159ed reviz\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 9 %, v roce 2019 po revizi normy pouze necel\u00fdch 5 %)
\nFig. 2. Examples of abioseston from two similar samples (from PTs) before and after the revision of the methodical standard; approximately equal amount of abioseston was found in both rounds by image analysis, different results were obtained by estimation according to the \u010cSN 75 7713 (in 2015 before the revision more than 9%, in 2019 after standard revision slightly less than 5%)<\/h6>\nV\u00fdsledky rutinn\u00edch rozbor\u016f pitn\u00e9 vody z\u00a0ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch vodovod\u016f ulo\u017een\u00fdch v\u00a0datab\u00e1zi IS PiVo ukazuj\u00ed na vliv revidovan\u00e9 normy je\u0161t\u011b z\u0159eteln\u011bji ne\u017e v\u00fdsledky\u00a0PZZ. Obdob\u00ed p\u0159ed reviz\u00ed \u010cSN 75 7713 vykazuje p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed Kruskalova-Wallisova testu s\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm mnohon\u00e1sobn\u00fdm porovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm statisticky v\u00fdznamn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdsledky ne\u017e ob\u011b obdob\u00ed po revizi (p < 0,001). Rozd\u00edly lze dob\u0159e pozorovat na obr. 3B<\/em> i\u00a0v\u00a0tabulce 2<\/em>. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159esun v\u00fdsledk\u016f prob\u011bhl mezi kategoriemi 3 % a\u00a0\u2264\u00a01\u00a0%, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee podle p\u016fvodn\u00edch odhadov\u00fdch tabul\u00ed byly nadhodnocov\u00e1ny i\u00a0v\u00fdsledky na t\u00e9to relativn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e9 \u00farovni. Pro\u010d byl p\u0159esun z\u00a0kategorie 3\u00a0% vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e z\u00a0kategorie 2 %, je z\u0159ejm\u011b d\u00e1no t\u00edm, \u017ee p\u016fvodn\u00ed norma obsahovala pouze tabule pro 1, 3, 5 10, 20 a\u00a040\u00a0%. M\u00edsto v\u00fdsledku 2 %, pro kter\u00fd nebyla odhadov\u00e1 tabule, laborato\u0159e v\u00a0mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech ur\u010dily v\u00fdsledek jako\u00a03\u00a0%. Tomu odpov\u00edd\u00e1 i\u00a0m\u00edrn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed zastoupen\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f 3 % ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a02\u00a0% (obr. 3A<\/em>, tabulka\u00a02<\/em>), i\u00a0kdy\u017e ve skute\u010dnosti nelze takov\u00e9 rozd\u011blen\u00ed dat u\u00a0tohoto ukazatele p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed \u010detnosti v\u00fdsledk\u016f je mo\u017en\u00e9 pozorovat i\u00a0pro 5\u00a0a\u00a010 %. V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b 5 a\u00a010 % se v\u0161ak projevuje i\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed efekt, kter\u00fdm je obecn\u00e1 tendence preferovat \u201e(p\u016fl)kulat\u00e1\u201c \u010d\u00edsla. Proto z\u0159ejm\u011b v\u00fdsledek 4 % je mnohem m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dast\u00fd ne\u017e 5 % (i\u00a0kdy\u017e z\u00a0rozd\u011blen\u00ed dat je evidentn\u00ed, \u017ee by to tak b\u00fdt ve skute\u010dnosti nem\u011blo) nejen v\u00a0obdob\u00ed p\u0159ed reviz\u00ed normy, ale i\u00a0po n\u00ed, a\u00a0to p\u0159esto, \u017ee nov\u00e9 tabule jsou p\u0159ipraveny v\u00a0intervalu od 1 do 12 % pro ka\u017ed\u00e9 cel\u00e9 procento.<\/p>\n
Tabulka 2. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd ro\u010dn\u00ed po\u010det vzork\u016f a\u00a0relativn\u00ed \u010detnost (v\u00a0%) pro v\u00fdsledky abiosestonu z\u00a0ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch vodovod\u016f v\u00a0datab\u00e1zi IS PiVo od ledna 2012 do za\u010d\u00e1tku prosince 2019
\nTable 2. Annual average of number of samples and relative frequency (%) for abioseston results in public supply in the IS PiVo database between January 2012 and the beginning of December 2019<\/h5>\n<\/a>\nVliv sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed limitu v\u00a0dubnu 2018 na v\u00fdsledky abiosestonu v\u00a0rutinn\u00edch rozborech pitn\u00e9 vody, jen\u017e byl testov\u00e1n jako rozd\u00edl obdob\u00ed po revizi \u010cSN 75 7713 do novelizace vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky \u010d. 252\/2004 Sb. v\u00a0dubnu 2018 a\u00a0obdob\u00ed od novelizace po za\u010d\u00e1tek prosince 2019, p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed Kruskalova-Wallisova testu s\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm mnohon\u00e1sobn\u00fdm porovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm, nebyl prok\u00e1z\u00e1n. P\u0159i srovn\u00e1n\u00ed zastoupen\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch ne\u017e 5\u00a0% pomoc\u00ed Fisherova exaktn\u00edho testu s\u00a0n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm mnohon\u00e1sobn\u00fdm porovn\u00e1n\u00edm s\u00a0Bonferroniho korekc\u00ed v\u0161ak statisticky v\u00fdznamn\u00fd rozd\u00edl mezi v\u0161emi porovn\u00e1van\u00fdmi obdob\u00edmi zji\u0161t\u011bn byl (p < 0,001). Tento rozd\u00edl je dob\u0159e patrn\u00fd na obr. 3<\/em> a\u00a0v\u00a0tabulce 2<\/em>. V intervalu 6 a\u017e 10 % bylo p\u0159ed novelizac\u00ed necel\u00fdch 0,4 %, po novelizaci jen necel\u00fdch 0,1 % v\u0161ech hodnot. V absolutn\u00edch \u010d\u00edslech se jedn\u00e1 o n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek v\u00fdsledk\u016f ro\u010dn\u011b, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ed novelizac\u00ed spl\u0148ovaly limit a po n\u00ed by u\u017e byly nad n\u00edm.<\/p>\n
<\/a>\nObr. 3. A. Rozd\u011blen\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f (v\u00a0procentech) stanoven\u00ed abiosestonu ve\u00a0ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch vodovodech v\u00a0obdob\u00ed mezi lednem 2012 a\u00a0za\u010d\u00e1tkem prosince 2019 pro t\u0159i zkouman\u00e1 obdob\u00ed; B. Stejn\u00fd graf jako 3A<\/em> s\u00a0jin\u00fdm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtkem na ose y obr. 3A, <\/em>p\u0159i kter\u00e9m jsou l\u00e9pe vid\u011bt zm\u011bny v\u00a0okol\u00ed 5 a\u00a010 % v\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdch obdob\u00edch
\nFig. 3. A. Abioseston results distribution (in %) from public water supply between January 2012 and beginning of December 2019 for three explored periods; B. The same chart as in 3A<\/em> with a\u00a0different scale in the y-axis, where changes near 5 and 10% of abiosestone are clearly apparent<\/h6>\nJejich absenci v\u00a0obdob\u00ed po novelizaci lze vykl\u00e1dat r\u016fzn\u011b\u00a0\u2013 zlep\u0161en\u00edm stavu vody (n\u00e1pravn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed proveden\u00e1 p\u0159i nevyhovuj\u00edc\u00edm v\u00fdsledku), selekc\u00ed reportovan\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f (z\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho mno\u017estv\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f jsou do IS PiVo posl\u00e1ny jen ty lep\u0161\u00ed) \u010di ji\u017e na \u00farovni analytika, kter\u00fd (a\u0165 u\u017e v\u011bdom\u011b \u010di podv\u011bdom\u011b) se rozhodne pro limit nep\u0159ekra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdsledek.<\/p>\n
P\u0159i intepretaci v\u00fdsledk\u016f je t\u0159eba m\u00edt na pam\u011bti rovn\u011b\u017e to, \u017ee ob\u011b zm\u011bny v\u00a0dokumentech (tedy revize \u010cSN 75 7713 v\u00a0roce 2015 a\u00a0novelizace vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky \u010d.\u00a0252\/2004 Sb. z\u00a0roku 2018) maj\u00ed sice jasn\u011b ur\u010den\u00e9 datum \u00fa\u010dinnosti, ale \u017ee ve skute\u010dnosti se nejednalo o\u00a0ostr\u00fd p\u0159ed\u011bl ze dne na den. O\u00a0tom, \u017ee jsou star\u00e9 odhadov\u00e9 tabule \u0161patn\u00e9 a\u00a0\u017ee se p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed nov\u00e9, \u0159ada laborato\u0159\u00ed v\u011bd\u011bla p\u0159edem (p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm tam, kde se jejich pracovn\u00edci \u00fa\u010dastnili pokus\u016f s\u00a0nov\u00fdmi tabulemi v\u00a0r\u00e1mci kurz\u016f [7, 8]), tak\u017ee jejich v\u00fdsledky u\u017e mohly b\u00fdt ovlivn\u011bny p\u0159ed datem \u00fa\u010dinnosti. Nav\u00edc i\u00a0k\u00a0p\u016fvodn\u00edm tabul\u00edm mohly laborato\u0159e p\u0159istupovat s\u00a0v\u011bdom\u00edm, \u017ee v\u00fdsledky z\u00edskan\u00e9 s\u00a0jejich pomoc\u00ed jsou obvykle nadhodnocen\u00e9. Na nic takov\u00e9ho v\u0161ak data z\u00a0IS PiVo neukazuj\u00ed. P\u0159i srovn\u00e1n\u00ed dat z\u00a0roku 2015 s\u00a0p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edmi lety nen\u00ed patrn\u00fd \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd rozd\u00edl. V\u00a0\u00favahu p\u0159ipad\u00e1 i\u00a0opa\u010dn\u00fd efekt, tedy \u017ee ihned s\u00a0n\u00e1stupem \u00fa\u010dinnosti revidovan\u00e9 normy (tedy po 1. 12. 2015) neza\u010daly v\u0161echny laborato\u0159e pracovat s\u00a0nov\u00fdmi tabulemi. P\u0159i srovn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f z let 2016 a 2017 v\u0161ak nebyl patrn\u00fd \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd rozd\u00edl.<\/p>\n
Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nen\u00ed ani mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159edem vylou\u010dit mo\u017enost, \u017ee zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 zm\u011bny ve v\u00fdsledc\u00edch abiosestonu byly zp\u016fsobeny n\u011bjak\u00fdm jin\u00fdm faktorem ne\u017e zm\u011bnou metodick\u00e9 normy (nap\u0159. klesaj\u00edc\u00edm po\u010dtem nerozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic ve ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch vodovodech). Provedli jsme proto i\u00a0srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0daty pro z\u00e1kal (ukazuje tak\u00e9 na mno\u017estv\u00ed ve vod\u011b p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic) za stejn\u00e9 obdob\u00ed. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly jako u\u00a0v\u00fdsledk\u016f abiosestonu v\u0161ak patrn\u00e9 nebyly.<\/p>\n
Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n
V\u00fdsledky PZZ, kter\u00e9 ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 SZ\u00da, i\u00a0v\u00fdsledky z\u00a0rutinn\u00edch rozbor\u016f z\u00a0ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch vodovod\u016f ukazuj\u00ed na to, \u017ee se pou\u017eit\u00ed revidovan\u00e9 metodick\u00e9 normy \u010cSN 75 7713 z\u00a0konce roku 2015 v\u00a0praxi z\u0159eteln\u011b projevilo. Ubyla zna\u010dn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st vysok\u00fdch hodnot, co\u017e byly pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b v\u011bt\u0161inou v\u00fdrazn\u011b nadhodnocen\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky, za kter\u00e9 mohly p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm \u0161patn\u00e9 odhadov\u00e9 tabule v\u00a0p\u016fvodn\u00ed norm\u011b. Celkov\u011b se p\u0159esunulo zhruba 5 % v\u00fdsledk\u016f z\u00a0vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch hodnot do kategorie \u2264\u00a01\u00a0%. Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed limitn\u00ed hodnoty z\u00a010 % na 5 % lze ve v\u00fdsledc\u00edch rutinn\u00edch rozbor\u016f z\u00a0ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch vodovod\u016f tak\u00e9 pozorovat. Do budoucna by bylo vhodn\u00e9 uva\u017eovat o\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edm sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed limitu ve vyhl\u00e1\u0161ce \u010d. 252\/2004 Sb., proto\u017ee i\u00a0st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch 5\u00a0% je pom\u011brn\u011b vysok\u00e1 hodnota (vzhledem k\u00a0limitu pro z\u00e1kal). V\u00a0t\u00e9to souvislosti je vhodn\u00e9 p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee p\u016fvodn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh p\u0159ed za\u0159azen\u00edm abiosestonu do legislativy (\u010cSN 75 7111) [1] byl 3 %. Zv\u00fd\u0161en na 10 % byl a\u017e v\u00a0r\u00e1mci p\u0159ipom\u00ednkov\u00fdch \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z\u00a0metodick\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f [11].<\/p>\n
Pod\u011bkov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n
Vznik p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku byl podpo\u0159en v r\u00e1mci MZ \u010cR \u2013 RVO (St\u00e1tn\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed \u00fastav \u2013 SZ\u00da,\u00a0<\/em>I\u010c 75010330). Danielovi Weyessovi Garimu d\u011bkuji za p\u0159\u00edpravu dat z\u00a0IS PiVo. Marku Mal\u00e9mu d\u011bkuji za proveden\u00ed statistick\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy a\u00a0up\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch formulac\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
It is shown in the article, how the revision of the Czech methodical standard for abioseston analysis in water \u010cSN\u00a075\u00a07713 from December 2015 and the lowering of the limit value for abioseston in the Decree No. 252\/2004 Coll. (drinking water quality) from 10 to 5% influenced results of routine laboratories.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":11085,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[87,89],"tags":[2396,2397,1511,2399,290],"coauthors":[1687],"class_list":["post-11088","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hydrochemistry-radioecology-microbiology","category-water-technology-water-supply-waste-water-treatment","tag-abioseston","tag-csn-75-7713","tag-czech-republic","tag-decree-no-252-2004-coll","tag-drinking-water"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11088","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11088"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11088\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30614,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11088\/revisions\/30614"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11085"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11088"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11088"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11088"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=11088"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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