\u00davod<\/h2>\n
Evropsk\u00e9 sm\u011brnici, kter\u00e1 upravuje minim\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u017eadavky na kvalitu a\u00a0kontrolu pitn\u00e9 vody (sm\u011brnice Rady 98\/83\/ES o\u00a0jakosti vody ur\u010den\u00e9 pro lidskou spot\u0159ebu), bylo v\u00a0roce 2020 ji\u017e 22 let. I\u00a0kdy\u017e m\u00e1 v\u00a0sob\u011b zabudov\u00e1no ustanoven\u00ed, \u017ee Evropsk\u00e1 komise m\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fdch 5 let p\u0159ezkoumat jej\u00ed aktu\u00e1lnost a\u00a0v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby zajistit jej\u00ed novelizaci, trvalo velmi dlouho, ne\u017e se k\u00a0pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed novele p\u0159istoupilo. Ji\u017e v\u00a0roce 2003 prob\u011bhl dvoudenn\u00ed semin\u00e1\u0159 v\u00a0Bruselu, jeho\u017e v\u00fdstupem bylo doporu\u010den\u00ed na pom\u011brn\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zm\u011bny (tehdy se pr\u00e1v\u011b objevil nov\u00fd \u201ehit\u201c v\u00a0podob\u011b posouzen\u00ed rizik \u010dili water safety plans). Nicm\u00e9n\u011b tehdy se k\u00a0novele nep\u0159istoupilo s\u00a0od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00edm, \u017ee \u010dlensk\u00e9 zem\u011b maj\u00ed dosud m\u00e1lo zku\u0161enost\u00ed s\u00a0fungov\u00e1n\u00edm sm\u011brnice v\u00a0praxi a\u00a0\u017ee je pot\u0159eba vy\u010dkat dal\u0161\u00edch p\u011bt let. Ke st\u00e1le pot\u0159ebn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed novele se v\u0161ak nep\u0159istoupilo ani za dal\u0161\u00edch p\u011bt \u010di deset let, by\u0165 to bylo ze strany Evropsk\u00e9 komise (EK) opakovan\u011b slibov\u00e1no. Tehdy ji\u017e byly na vin\u011b \u201evy\u0161\u0161\u00ed politick\u00e9 hry\u201c, resp. ur\u010dit\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed mezi EK, Radou a\u00a0Evropsk\u00fdm parlamentem.<\/p>\n
Kdy\u017e u\u017e byla situace neudr\u017eiteln\u00e1, provedla EK v roce 2015 aspo\u0148 novelu p\u0159\u00edloh II a III (sm\u011brnic\u00ed Komise (EU) 2015\/1787), kter\u00e1 v\u0161ak byla zcela nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 vzhledem k modern\u00edm pot\u0159eb\u00e1m. A\u017e 1. 2. 2018 byl zve\u0159ejn\u011bn dlouho o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fd n\u00e1vrh EK, t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se kompletn\u00ed novely sm\u011brnice. Pot\u00e9 byl tento n\u00e1vrh p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b rok projedn\u00e1v\u00e1n jednak v Rad\u011b EU, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ijala sv\u00e9 ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed stanovisko 5. 3. 2019, jednak v Evropsk\u00e9m parlamentu (EP), kter\u00fd na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed \u2013 i p\u0159es nov\u00e9 volby v kv\u011btnu 2019 \u2013 sta\u010dil schv\u00e1lit svou pozici do poloviny roku 2019. Na podzim 2019 byly zah\u00e1jeny pod finsk\u00fdm p\u0159edsednictv\u00edm trialogy (Rada \u2013 EK \u2013 EP), kter\u00e9 se poda\u0159ilo zd\u00e1rn\u011b dokon\u010dit t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed koncem roku, tak\u017ee v \u00fanoru 2020 byl zve\u0159ejn\u011bn kompletn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh novely t\u00e9to sm\u011brnice. Nov\u00e1 sm\u011brnice o jakosti vody ur\u010den\u00e9 pro lidskou spot\u0159ebu byla po v\u0161ech \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edch procedur\u00e1ch ze strany pr\u00e1vn\u00ed a jazykov\u00e9 slu\u017eby vyd\u00e1na dne 16. prosince 2020 (\u010d. 2020\/2184). Transpozice do legislativy \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky by m\u011bla prob\u011bhnout do dvou let. Zm\u011bny se dotknou nejen z\u00e1kona o ochran\u011b ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed (\u010d. 258\/2000 Sb.) a jeho prov\u00e1d\u011bc\u00edch vyhl\u00e1\u0161ek (\u010d. 252\/2004 Sb. a \u010d. 409\/2005 Sb.), ale velmi pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b i z\u00e1kona o vod\u00e1ch (\u010d. 254\/2001 Sb.) a z\u00e1kona o vodovodech a kanalizac\u00edch pro ve\u0159ejnou pot\u0159ebu (\u010d. 274\/2001 Sb.) a jejich prov\u00e1d\u011bc\u00edch vyhl\u00e1\u0161ek.<\/p>\n
V\u00a0nov\u00e9 sm\u011brnici [1], je hodn\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch novinek, kter\u00e9 se dotknou nejen provozovatel\u016f vodovod\u016f, pracovn\u00edk\u016f org\u00e1n\u016f ochrany ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed (KHS) \u010di pracovn\u00edk\u016f analytick\u00fdch laborato\u0159\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1 se nap\u0159. o\u00a0povinn\u00e9 zaveden\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu zalo\u017een\u00e9m na posouzen\u00ed a\u00a0\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed rizik syst\u00e9m\u016f z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed pitnou vodou (v\u010detn\u011b oblast\u00ed povod\u00ed, kter\u00e1 souvis\u00ed s\u00a0m\u00edstem odb\u011bru j\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed vody ur\u010den\u00e9 k\u00a0lidsk\u00e9 spot\u0159eb\u011b) a\u00a0posouzen\u00ed rizik domovn\u00edho rozvodn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu; d\u00e1le bude na \u00farovni EU sjednocen syst\u00e9m testov\u00e1n\u00ed materi\u00e1lu pro styk s\u00a0pitnou vodou a\u00a0jeho zez\u00e1vazn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Vzhledem k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee zm\u011bny v\u00a0t\u00e9to novele jsou rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 a\u00a0toto mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo VTEI je speci\u00e1ln\u011b zam\u011b\u0159eno, budou v\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku prezentov\u00e1ny p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm body, kter\u00e9 se bezprost\u0159edn\u011b t\u00fdkaj\u00ed stanoven\u00ed a\u00a0hodnocen\u00ed mikrobiologick\u00fdch ukazatel\u016f.<\/p>\n
Minim\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u017eadavky na hodnoty ukazatel\u016f, pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 k\u00a0posouzen\u00ed jakosti vody ur\u010den\u00e9 k\u00a0lidsk\u00e9 spot\u0159eb\u011b<\/h2>\n
E. coli<\/em> a\u00a0intestin\u00e1ln\u00ed enterokoky se pova\u017euj\u00ed za \u201ekl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 ukazatele\u201c a\u00a0\u010detnost jejich monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed nepodl\u00e9h\u00e1 mo\u017enosti sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, a\u00a0to ani na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdsledk\u016f posouzen\u00ed rizik syst\u00e9m\u016f z\u00e1sobov\u00e1n\u00ed vodou. Jejich limitn\u00ed hodnota je 0 KTJ ve 100 ml, kter\u00e1 bude v\u00a0\u010desk\u00e9 legislativ\u011b zavedena jako NMH (nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed mezn\u00ed hodnota), pro vodou st\u00e1\u010denou do lahv\u00ed nebo n\u00e1dob je limit 0 KTJ\/250 ml. Pro stanoven\u00ed E.\u00a0coli <\/em>jsou ve sm\u011brnici p\u0159edepsan\u00e9 metody podle \u010cSN EN ISO 9308-1 [2] a\u00a0\u010cSN EN ISO 9308-2 [3]; pro stanoven\u00ed intestin\u00e1ln\u00edch enterokok\u016f je p\u0159edepsan\u00e1 metoda podle \u010cSN EN ISO 7899-2 [4]. V\u0161echny tyto metody jsou v\u00a0\u010desk\u00fdch mikrobiologick\u00fdch laborato\u0159\u00edch b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9.<\/p>\n Indik\u00e1torov\u00e9 ukazatele nemaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd vliv na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed. Jsou v\u0161ak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem ke zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, jak funguj\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro v\u00fdrobu a\u00a0distribuci pitn\u00e9 vody, a\u00a0jsou t\u00e9\u017e d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm prost\u0159edkem pro hodnocen\u00ed jakosti vody. Mohou pomoci odhalit nedostatky p\u0159i \u00faprav\u011b \u010di distribuci vody a\u00a0hraj\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou \u00falohu z\u00a0hlediska zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0zachov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bry spot\u0159ebitel\u016f v\u00a0jej\u00ed jakost. Z\u00a0mikrobiologick\u00fdch ukazatel\u016f jsou indik\u00e1torov\u00e9 ukazatele koliformn\u00ed bakterie, po\u010dty koloni\u00ed p\u0159i 22 \u00b0C a\u00a0Clostridium<\/em> perfringens<\/em>.<\/p>\n Pro stanoven\u00ed koliformn\u00edch bakteri\u00ed jsou p\u0159edeps\u00e1ny metody podle \u010cSN EN ISO 9308-1 [2] a\u00a0\u010cSN EN ISO 9308-2 [3], tedy shodn\u00e9 jako pro stanoven\u00ed E.<\/em> coli. <\/em>P\u0159edepsan\u00e1 hodnota 0 KTJ\/100 ml (pro vodu st\u00e1\u010denou do lahv\u00ed nebo n\u00e1dob 0\u00a0KTJ\/250 ml) bude z\u0159ejm\u011b zavedena jako mezn\u00ed hodnota.<\/p>\n Pro stanoven\u00ed po\u010dtu koloni\u00ed p\u0159i 22 \u00b0C je p\u0159edepsan\u00e1 ji\u017e zaveden\u00e1 a b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 metoda podle \u010cSN EN ISO 6222 [5]. Jejich \u201ep\u0159edepsan\u00e1 limitn\u00ed hodnota\u201c v 1 ml je stanovena jako \u201ebez abnorm\u00e1ln\u00edch zm\u011bn\u201c. I tento princip hodnocen\u00ed se ji\u017e v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice \u0159adu let pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1. Ve sm\u011brnici nejsou uvedeny po\u010dty koloni\u00ed p\u0159i 36 \u00b0C, to v\u0161ak nen\u00ed zm\u011bna, nevyskytovaly se pro nebalenou pitnou vodu ani v p\u016fvodn\u00ed sm\u011brnici. P\u0159esto se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee tento ukazatel se bude u n\u00e1s pou\u017e\u00edvat i nad\u00e1le.<\/p>\n C. perfringens <\/em>se bude stanovat metodou podle \u010cSN EN ISO 14189 [6]. Tuto metodu (kultivace C<\/em>. perfringens<\/em> na TSC agaru a\u00a0konfirmace kyselou fosfat\u00e1zou) ji\u017e maj\u00ed mnoh\u00e9 laborato\u0159e zavedenou a\u00a0v\u00fdsledky zkou\u0161ek zp\u016fsobilosti ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b. Dnes jsou ji\u017e k\u00a0dispozici vhodn\u00e1 (pracovn\u011b i\u00a0finan\u010dn\u011b) \u010dinidla, kter\u00e1 nejen\u017ee dob\u0159e konfirmuj\u00ed p\u0159eo\u010dkovan\u00e9 kolonie, ale lze je pou\u017e\u00edt i\u00a0p\u0159\u00edmo na kolonie vyrostl\u00e9 na membr\u00e1nov\u00fdch filtrech (obr. 1<\/em>). Pro C. perfringens <\/em>je ve sm\u011brnici uvedena hodnota 0 KTJ\/100 ml s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee se m\u00e1 stanovovat \u201ev\u010detn\u011b spor\u201c. Tento term\u00edn je v\u0161ak zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed, spory se toti\u017e stanovuj\u00ed v\u017edy. Znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee se budou stanovovat jak spory, tak vegetativn\u00ed bu\u0148ky, tud\u00ed\u017e se nebude prov\u00e1d\u011bt elimina\u010dn\u00ed krok (tepeln\u00e1 inaktivace bun\u011bk). C. perfringens <\/em>se m\u00e1 stanovovat v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee to vyplyne z\u00a0posouzen\u00ed rizik.<\/p>\n Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm novely si EK nechala zpracovat od Sv\u011btov\u00e9 zdravotnick\u00e9 organizace (WHO) studii, kter\u00e9 ukazatele by se mohly ze sm\u011brnice vypustit a\u00a0kter\u00e9 naopak by se m\u011bly nov\u011b za\u0159adit, resp. u\u00a0kter\u00fdch ukazatel\u016f by m\u011bla b\u00fdt upravena limitn\u00ed hodnota. WHO ve sv\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b [7] uvedla, \u017ee v\u00a0EU je ro\u010dn\u011b hl\u00e1\u0161eno okolo \u0161esti\u00a0tis\u00edc p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f legionel\u00f3zy (s\u00a0desetiprocentn\u00ed smrtnost\u00ed), a\u00a0i\u00a0kdy\u017e je toto \u010d\u00edslo z\u0159ejm\u011b zna\u010dn\u011b podhodnoceno, st\u00e1le to stav\u00ed legionely na prvn\u00ed m\u00edsto co do p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny \u00famrt\u00ed na nemoci souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s\u00a0vodou. Bakterie rodu Legionella<\/em> nebyly dosud ve sm\u011brnici uvedeny. Bylo to v\u00a0prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b proto, \u017ee v\u00a0dob\u011b, kdy se p\u0159ipravovala sm\u011brnice \u010d.\u00a098\/83\/ES\u00a0\u2013 tedy v\u00a0polovin\u011b 90. let\u00a0\u2013 bylo informac\u00ed o\u00a0v\u00fdskytu legionel nepom\u011brn\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b a\u00a0situace se ani zdravotn\u00edm \u00fa\u0159ad\u016fm, ani z\u00e1konod\u00e1rc\u016fm nezd\u00e1la tak nal\u00e9hav\u00e1. Dal\u0161\u00edm d\u016fvodem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt skute\u010dnost, \u017ee p\u0159esto\u017ee se zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e1 sm\u011brnice naz\u00fdv\u00e1 \u201eo\u00a0jakosti vody ur\u010den\u00e9 pro lidskou spot\u0159ebu\u201c a\u00a0podle definice se vztahuje tak\u00e9 na vodu ur\u010denou pro kontakt s\u00a0lidsk\u00fdm t\u011blem, \u0159ada \u010dlensk\u00fdch zem\u00ed EU ji pova\u017eovala za sm\u011brnici na pitnou, nikoliv teplou vodu. A\u00a0pr\u00e1v\u011b domovn\u00ed rozvody tepl\u00e9 vody jsou jedn\u00edm z\u00a0vhodn\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00ed pro pomno\u017een\u00ed legionel.<\/p>\n Jak ji\u017e bylo uvedeno v\u00a0\u00favodu, v\u00a0novele sm\u011brnice je p\u0159edeps\u00e1no posouzen\u00ed rizik v\u00a0domovn\u00edch rozvodech vody v\u00a0prioritn\u00edch budov\u00e1ch, a\u00a0pr\u00e1v\u011b legionely jsou jedn\u00edm z\u00a0hlavn\u00edch ukazatel\u016f. Prioritn\u00ed budovy, na kter\u00e9 se bude tato povinnost vztahovat, si ur\u010d\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b subsidiarity samy \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty EU; m\u016f\u017ee se jednat nap\u0159. o\u00a0zdravotnick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, v\u011bznice, domovy pro seniory, vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, budovy s\u00a0ubytovac\u00ed kapacitou, sportovn\u00ed a\u00a0rekrea\u010dn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed apod.<\/p>\n Pro bakterie rodu Legionella<\/em> je stanovena hodnota 1 000 KTJ\/litr. N\u00e1pravn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed lze zva\u017eovat i\u00a0v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee t\u00e9to hodnoty ukazatele nen\u00ed dosa\u017eeno, nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b prok\u00e1zan\u00fdch infekc\u00ed a\u00a0ohnisek n\u00e1kaz. V\u00a0takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech by m\u011bl b\u00fdt zdroj infekce potvrzen a\u00a0ur\u010den jeho biologick\u00fd druh. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed stanoven\u00ed legionel se prov\u00e1d\u00ed metodou podle \u010cSN EN ISO 11731 [8]. R\u016fst legionel z\u00a0tepl\u00e9 u\u017eitkov\u00e9 vody je na obr. 2<\/em>.<\/p>\n Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed provozn\u00edho monitorovac\u00edho programu je tak\u00e9 monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed somatick\u00fdch kolif\u00e1g\u016f, aby se kontrolovala \u00fa\u010dinnost proces\u016f \u00fapravy, zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch na mikrobiologick\u00e1 rizika. Somatick\u00e9 kolif\u00e1gy jsou bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed viry, napadaj\u00edc\u00ed citliv\u00e9 bu\u0148ky E. coli. <\/em>Stanovuj\u00ed se plakovou titrac\u00ed, metodami podle \u010cSN EN\u00a0ISO\u00a010705-2\u00a0[9] a\u00a0\u010cSN ISO 10705-3 [10]. Tento ukazatel se m\u00e1 sledovat, pokud to vyplyne z\u00a0posouzen\u00ed rizik. Je-li zji\u0161t\u011bna p\u0159\u00edtomnost somatick\u00fdch kolif\u00e1g\u016f v\u00a0surov\u00e9 vod\u011b v\u00a0koncentraci v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 50 PTJ\/100 ml, m\u011blo by se toto stanoven\u00ed prov\u00e9st po dokon\u010den\u00ed s\u00e9rie krok\u016f \u00fapravy vody, aby bylo mo\u017eno ur\u010dit log hodnotu odstran\u011bn\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm existuj\u00edc\u00edch bari\u00e9r a\u00a0posoudit, zda je riziko pr\u016fniku patogenn\u00edch vir\u016f skrze \u00fapravu dostate\u010dn\u011b pod kontrolou.<\/p>\n S\u00a0t\u00edmto ukazatelem jsou v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice pouze minim\u00e1ln\u00ed zku\u0161enosti a\u00a0v\u00a0n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch letech t\u00e9to problematice bude muset b\u00fdt v\u011bnov\u00e1na zna\u010dn\u00e1 pozornost. A\u00a0to nejen z\u00a0hlediska laboratorn\u00edho stanoven\u00ed, ale i\u00a0pou\u017eit\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edstupu a\u00a0hodnocen\u00ed tohoto ukazatele v\u00a0praxi.<\/p>\n V\u00fdsledky z\u00a0anal\u00fdz povrchov\u00e9\/odpadn\u00ed vody [11\u201313] uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee somatick\u00e9 kolif\u00e1gy vykazuj\u00ed ur\u010ditou korelaci s\u00a0E. coli, <\/em>co\u017e ale m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt u\u00a0surov\u00e9 vody samoz\u0159ejm\u011b jinak. Pro za\u010d\u00e1tek jsme ze studia v\u00fdsledk\u016f E. coli z<\/em>\u00a0datab\u00e1ze \u201esurov\u00e1 voda\u201c (\u010cHM\u00da) vytipovali na\u0161e nejohro\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zdroje. Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnoty E. coli <\/em>vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 50 KTJ\/100 ml vykazovalo 15 (27 %) povrchov\u00fdch a\u00a05 (0,5 %) podzemn\u00edch zdroj\u016f v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Nejohro\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00ed se zdaj\u00ed b\u00fdt surov\u00e9 vody z\u00a0podhorsk\u00fdch povrchov\u00fdch tok\u016f, a\u00a0to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0brzk\u00e9m jarn\u00edm obdob\u00ed (z\u0159ejm\u011b v\u00a0souvislosti se zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdmi pr\u016ftoky v\u00a0obdob\u00ed t\u00e1n\u00ed sn\u011bhu).<\/p>\n Na obr. 3<\/em> jsou orienta\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky (E. coli <\/em>a\u00a0somatick\u00e9 kolif\u00e1gy) z\u00a0p\u011bti tok\u016f, kter\u00e9 se v\u00a0bl\u00edzkosti na\u0161eho odb\u011brov\u00e9ho m\u00edsta alespo\u0148 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jako surov\u00e1 voda. V\u00a0dob\u011b odb\u011bru nebyly v\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 z\u00a0lokalit zaznamen\u00e1ny zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 pr\u016ftoky. Somatick\u00e9 kolif\u00e1gy byly stanoveny pomoc\u00ed hostitelsk\u00e9ho kmene ATCC 13706, upravenou metodou od autorek \u0160imkov\u00e1 a\u00a0Miklo\u0161ovi\u010dov\u00e1 [14], E. coli<\/em> byla stanovena metodou podle \u010cSN EN ISO 9308-2 [3].<\/p>\n Vznik p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku byl podpo\u0159en v\u00a0r\u00e1mci MZ \u010cR\u00a0\u2013 RVO (St\u00e1tn\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed \u00fastav\u00a0\u2013 SZ\u00da, I\u010c\u00a075010330). <\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" A\u00a0proposal for a\u00a0complete amendment to Directive 98\/83\/EC on the quality of water intended for human consumption was approved in February 2020. The new Directive came into force after all official procedures on 16 December 2020.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":10997,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[87,89,93],"tags":[290,2380,1051,2381],"coauthors":[231,2358],"class_list":["post-11004","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hydrochemistry-radioecology-microbiology","category-water-technology-water-supply-waste-water-treatment","category-two-articles","tag-drinking-water","tag-eu-directive","tag-microbiological-indicators","tag-microbiological-parameters"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11004","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11004"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11004\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30615,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11004\/revisions\/30615"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10997"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11004"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11004"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11004"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=11004"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Indik\u00e1torov\u00e9 ukazatele<\/h2>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.vtei.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Baudisova-1.jpg\")
<\/a>\nObr. 1. Tmav\u00e9 kolonie vyrostl\u00e9 na TSC agaru v\u00a0anaerobn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 po p\u016fsoben\u00ed \u010dinidla na kyselou fosfat\u00e1zu z\u010dervenaly, jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za C. perfringens<\/em>
\n<\/em>Fig. 1. Dark colonies, growing on TSC medium in anaerobic condition, that turn red as effect of acide phosphatase reagent are supposed to be Clostridium perfringens<\/em><\/h6>\nUkazatele relevantn\u00ed pro posouzen\u00ed rizik domovn\u00edho rozvodn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/h2>\n
<\/a>\nObr. 2. R\u016fst legionel z tepl\u00e9 u\u017eitkov\u00e9 vody (GVPC m\u00e9dium vlevo, BCYE m\u00e9dium uprost\u0159ed) a na membr\u00e1nov\u00e9m filtru (GVPC m\u00e9dium, vpravo)
\nFig. 2. The growth of legionellae from warm water (GVPC medium on the left side, BCYE medium in the centre) and on the membrane filter (GVPC medium, on the right side)<\/h6>\nProvozn\u00ed monitorovac\u00ed program<\/h2>\n
<\/a>\nObr. 3. V\u00fdsledky stanoven\u00ed E. coli <\/em>a somatick\u00fdch kolif\u00e1g\u016f ve vybran\u00fdch povrchov\u00fdch toc\u00edch
\nFig. 3. Results of E. coli<\/em> and somatic coliphages detection in chosen surface waters<\/h6>\nPod\u011bkov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n